Clues Sought in Cypriot Airliner Crash
ELENA BECATOROS

AP Online; Aug 15, 2005

Coroners testing the remains of passengers and crew of a Cypriot
airliner that slammed into a mountainside near Athens will try to
determine if the 121 people were already dead when they crashed,
while French experts will examine the plane’s black-box recorders,
officials said Monday.

The cause of Sunday’s crash, Greece’s deadliest airline disaster,
appeared to be technical failure resulting in high-altitude
decompression and loss of oxygen. There were no survivors, yet many
questions remained _ including why the co-pilot was unconscious in
the cockpit 40 minutes before the crash and why he was alone, with
the captain nowhere in sight.

The captain’s body has yet to be recovered, and Greek investigators _
joined by a U.S. team _ were trying to determine why he was not in
his seat while the Boeing 737 was in peril.

Coroners also will examine blood and tissue samples from victims’
lungs to determine whether anything they breathed in could have caused
their deaths.

“We will seek to determine when they died and how they died,” chief
Athens coroner Fillipos Koutsaftis said.

Victims’ relatives gathered at a central Athens morgue to identify
the remains.

There had been 21 children aboard Helios Airways flight ZU522 from
Larnaca, Cyprus, to Athens, “all aged 4 and above,” Greek deputy
Health Minister Giorgos Constantopoulos said Monday. Initially, Greek
and Cypriot officials had said there were 48 children on the plane.
No explanation was given for the discrepancy.

According the Cypriot government, at least 10 families with children
were among the dead. Passengers and crew included at least 12 Greeks,
one German _ the pilot _ and a four-member family of Armenian origin.
The rest were Cypriot.

The Boeing 737 had been scheduled to continue to Prague, Czech
Republic, after Athens. It crashed while on autopilot at 12:05 p.m.
Sunday near Grammatiko, a scenic village 25 miles north of the Greek
capital, apparently after running out of fuel.

Greek state television had quoted the Cyprus transport minister as
saying the plane had decompression problems in the past. But a Helios
representative said the plane had “no problems and was serviced just
last week.”

Searchers at the crash site were still looking for three bodies,
firefighting officials said Monday _ including the pilot. His name was
Hans-Juergen Merten, 58, of Berlin, according to German authorities
and his neighbors near the German capital’s Schoenefeld airport.

The body of the Cypriot co-pilot, Pambos Haralambous, was reportedly
found in the cockpit.

In Cyprus, Helios Airways Chairman Andreas Drakos said the airline’s
crews were operating normally on Sunday, rejecting earlier reports
that its pilots and crew were refusing to fly.

The head of the Greek airline safety committee, Akrivos Tsolakis, said
that the two recovered black boxes _ a data and cockpit voice recorder
_ would be sent to French air safety investigators for examination. The
voice recorder was badly damaged by the crash and ensuing fire.

“It’s in a bad state and, possibly, it won’t give us the information
we need,” Tsolakis said. “Both boxes will be sent to Paris where a
French committee will help us and the foreign experts that are here
to decode.”

He said he believed his committee would be able to reach a conclusion
“in a few days, a very few days.”

U.S. experts will join Greek investigators on request by the American
government, because the aircraft was manufactured in the United States,
Tsolakis said.

The plane took off from Cyprus at 9 a.m. Sunday. About a half-hour
later, the pilots reported air-conditioning system problems to Cyprus
air-traffic control. Within minutes, the plane entered Greek air
space over the Aegean Sea and shortly afterward lost all radio contact.

The Greek air force sent two F-16s fighter jets to intercept the
plane. They caught up with the airliner at 34,000 feet and peered
inside the cockpit. The jet pilots saw the co-pilot slumped over the
controls but could not see the captain, and oxygen masks were dangling
inside, government spokesman Theodoros Roussopoulos said.

When the jets flew by a second time they saw two people possibly
trying to take control of the plane; it was unclear if they were crew
members or passengers. The plane crashed 40 minutes later.

“When a pilot has no communication with the control tower, the
procedure dictates that other planes must accompany and help the
plane land. Unfortunately, it appeared that the pilot was already
dead as was, possibly, everyone else on the plane,” Cyprus Transport
Minister Haris Thrasou said.

At 34,000 feet, the effects of depressurization are swift, said David
Kaminski Morrow, of the British-based Air Transport Intelligence
magazine.

“If the aircraft is at 30,000 feet, you don’t stay conscious for long,
maybe 15 to 30 seconds,” he said.

Cyprus declared three days of national mourning, and in Athens flags
were ordered to fly at half staff on Tuesday. A 40-day mourning period
was declared in Paralymni, a Cypriot town of 10,000 that lost 16 of
its residents on the plane.