Science Times
Islamic Creationist and a Book Sent Round the World
By CORNELIA DEAN
New York Times
July 17, 2007
In the United States, opposition to the teaching of evolution in
public schools has largely been fueled by the religious right,
particularly Protestant fundamentalism.
Now another voice is entering the debate, in dramatic fashion.
It is the voice of Adnan Oktar of Turkey, who, under the name Harun
Yahya, has produced numerous books, videos and DVDs on science and
faith, in particular what he calls the `deceit’ inherent in the theory
of evolution. One of his books, `Atlas of Creation,’ is turning up,
unsolicited, in mailboxes of scientists around the country and members
of Congress, and at science museums in places like Queens and Bemidji,
Minn.
At 11 x 17 inches and 12 pounds, with a bright red cover and almost
800 glossy pages, most of them lavishly illustrated, `Atlas of
Creation’ is probably the largest and most beautiful creationist
challenge yet to Darwin’s theory, which Mr. Yahya calls a feeble and
perverted ideology contradicted by the Koran.
In bowing to Scripture, Mr. Yahya resembles some fundamentalist
creationists in the United States. But he is not among those who
assert that Earth is only a few thousand years old. The principal
argument of `Atlas of Creation,’ advanced in page after page of
stunning photographs of fossil plants, insects and animals, is that
creatures living today are just like creatures that lived in the
fossil past. Ergo, Mr. Yahya writes, evolution must be impossible,
illusory, a lie, a deception or `a theory in crisis.’
In fact, there is no credible scientific challenge to the theory of
evolution as an explanation for the complexity and diversity of life
on earth.
The book caused a stir earlier this year when a French translation
materialized at high schools, universities and museums in
France. Until then, creationist literature was relatively rare in
France, according to Armand de Ricqles, a professor of historical
biology and evolutionism at the College de France. Scientists spoke
out against the book, he said in an e-mail message, and `thanks to the
highly centralized public school system in France, it was possible to
organize that the books sent to lycées would not be made available
to children.’
So far, no similar response is emerging in the United States. `In our
country we are used to nonsense like this,’ said Kevin Padian, an
evolutionary biologist at the University of California, Berkeley, who,
like colleagues there, found a copy in his mailbox.
He said people who had received copies were `just astounded at its
size and production values and equally astonished at what a load of
crap it is.
`If he sees a picture of an old fossil crab or something, he says,
`See, it looks just like a regular crab, there’s no evolution,’ ‘
Dr. Padian said. `Extinction does not seem to bother him. He does not
really have any sense of what we know about how things change through
time.’
Kenneth R. Miller, a biologist at Brown University, said he and his
colleagues in the life sciences had all received copies. When he
called friends at the University of Colorado and the University of
Chicago, they had the books too, he said. Scientists at Brigham Young
University, the University of Connecticut, the University of Georgia
and others have also received them.
`I think he must have sent it to every full professor in the medical
school,’ said Kathryn L. Calame, a microbiologist at the Columbia
University medical school who received a copy. `The genetics
department, the biochem department, micro – everybody I talked to had
it.’
While they said they were unimpressed with the book’s content,
recipients marveled at its apparent cost. `If you went into a
bookstore and saw a book like this, it would be at least $100,’ said
Dr. Miller, an author of conventional biology texts. `The production
costs alone are astronomical. We are talking millions of dollars.’
Fatih Sen, who heads the United States office of Global Impex, a
company that markets Islamic books, gifts and other products,
including `Atlas,’ would not comment on its distribution, except to
describe the book as `great’ and refer questions to the publisher,
Global Publishing of Istanbul. Repeated attempts by telephone and
e-mail to reach the concern, or Mr. Yahya, were unsuccessful.
In the book and on his Web site (), Mr. Yahya says
he was born in Ankara in 1956, and grew up and was educated in
Turkey. He says he seeks to unmask what the book calls `the imposture
of evolutionists’ and the links between their scientific views and
modern evils like fascism, communism and terrorism. He says he hopes
to encourage readers `to open their minds and hearts and guide them to
become more devoted servants of God.’
He adds that he seeks `no material gain’ from his publications, most
of which are available free or at relatively low cost.
Who finances these efforts is `a big question that no one knows the
answer to,’ said another recipient, Taner Edis, a physicist at Truman
State University in Missouri who studies issues of science and
religion, particularly Islam. Dr. Edis grew up in a secular household
in Turkey and has lived in the United States since enrolling in
graduate school at Johns Hopkins, where he earned his doctorate in
1994. He said Mr. Yahya’s activities were usually described in the
Turkish press as financed by donations. `But what that can mean is
anybody’s guess,’ he said.
The effort seems particularly odd given the mailing list. Both
Dr. Padian and Dr. Miller testified for the plaintiffs in the Dover,
Penn., lawsuit that successfully challenged the teaching of
intelligent design, an ideological cousin of creationism, in schools
there. Other recipients include Steve Rissing, a biologist at Ohio
State University who has been active on behalf of school board
candidates who support the teaching of evolution and science museums
that accept evolution as the foundation for modern biology.
`I don’t know what to make of it, quite honestly,’ said Laddie Elwell,
the director of the Headwaters Science Center in Bemidji, Minn., which
she said received a dozen copies. Chuck Deeter, a staff member, said
he and his colleagues might use the books’ fossil photographs in their
programs on Darwin, which he said can be a hard sell in a region where
many people are fundamentalist Christians with creationist beliefs.
Support for creationism is also widespread among Muslims, said
Dr. Edis, whose book `An Illusion of Harmony: Science and Religion in
Islam’ was published by Prometheus Books this spring.
`Taken at face value, the Koran is a creationist text,’ he said,
adding that it would be difficult to find a scholar of Islam `who is
going to be gung-ho about Darwin.’
Perhaps as a result, he said, Mr. Yahya’s books and other publications
have won him attention in Islamic areas. `This is a guy with some
influence,’ Dr. Edis said, `unfortunately for mainstream science.’
Dr. Miller agreed. He said he regularly received e-mail messages from
people questioning evolution, with an increasing number coming from
Turkey, Lebanon and other areas in the Middle East, most citing
Mr. Yahya’s work.
That’s troubling, he said, because Mr. Yahya’s ideas `cast evolution
as part of the corrupting influence of the West on Islamic culture,
and that promotes a profound anti-science attitude that is certainly
not going to help the Islamic world catch up to the West.’
As the scientists ponder what to do with the book – for many, it is
too beautiful for the trash bin but too erroneous for their shelves –
they also speculate about the motives of its distributors.
`My hypothesis is, like all creationists, they believe that they have
a startling truth that the public has been shielded from, and that if
they present the facts, in quotation marks, that the scales will fall
from the eyes and the charade of evolution will be revealed,’ said
Eugenie Scott, director of the National Center for Science Education,
which fights the teaching of creationism in public schools. `These
people are really serious about this.’
That may be, Dr. Miller said, but it’s also possible `that Harun Yahya
and his people have decided that there are plenty of Muslim people in
the United States who need to hear this message.’
In his e-mail message, Dr. de Ricqles said some worried that the book
was directed at the Muslim population of France as a strategy to
`destabilize’ poor, predominantly immigrant suburbs `where a large
population of youngsters of Moslem faith would be an ideal target for
propaganda.’
But despite its wide distribution, Dr. Padian predicted that the book
would have little impact in the United States. `We are used to books
that are totally wrongheaded about science and confuse science and
religion,’ he said. `That’s politics.’
Correction: July 21, 2007
An article in Science Times on Tuesday about the widespread
distribution of `Atlas of Creation,’ a book with an Islamic
creationist point of view, misstated the name of a company that
shipped some of the books. It is SBS Worldwide Ltd., not SDS
Worldwide.
science/17book.html