Friday, Moscow Marks Karabakh Truce Anniversary • Aza Babayan RUSSIA -- A view of the Russian Foreign Ministry building in Moscow, April 6, 2018 Armenia and Azerbaijan are committed to peacefully resolving the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, Russia’s Foreign Ministry said on Friday in a statement on the 25th anniversary of a Russian-brokered ceasefire agreement that stopped the Armenian-Azerbaijani war. The agreement took effect on May 12, 1994 after being signed by the Armenian and Azerbaijani defense ministers and the commander of Karabakh’s Armenian-backed army. Hundreds of soldiers from both sides have been killed since then in ceasefire violations that have intensified in the last several years. But these periodic skirmishes along the “line of contact” around Karabakh and the Armenian-Azerbaijani border have not escalated into another all-out war so far. “The May 12 agreement remains the basis for maintaining the ceasefire regime,” read the Russian Foreign Ministry statement. Nagorno-Karabakh -- Karabakh Armenian fighters rest near a battlefield in May 1992. The statement said that more “time is required” for the conflicting parties to reach a mutually acceptable peace deal. “We see the readiness of the parties to continue joint efforts at achieving a lasting peace,” it added, pointing to a recent series of high-level Armenian-Azerbaijani negotiations. The ministry said Moscow will carry on with its “active assistance” to the negotiating process within the framework of the OSCE Minsk Group co-chaired by Russia, the United States and France. Truce violations in the conflict zone have decreased significantly since Armenian Prime Minister Nikol Pashinian and Azerbaijani President Ilham Aliyev met for the first time in September. Pashinian and Aliyev held more face-to-face talks in the following months, most recently in Vienna on March 29. RUSSIA -- (L-E) Armenian Foreign Minister Zohrab Mnatsakanian, Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov and Azerbaijani Foreign Minister Elmar Mammadyarov meet in Moscow, April 15, 2019 The foreign ministers of Armenia, Azerbaijan as well as Russia met in Moscow on April 15. Azerbaijan’s Elmar Mammadyarov said afterwards that they discussed, among other things, a 2016 Russian plant to resolve the Karabakh conflict. Russia’s Sergey Lavrov effectively confirmed this. The Armenian Foreign Ministry insisted, however, that “no negotiations on any plan are underway at present.” The Russian peace plan has still not been made public. Lavrov said only that it is in tune with the basic principles of a Karabakh settlement which have repeatedly been laid out by the U.S., Russian and French mediators in recent years. In a March 9 statement, the mediators reiterated that “any fair and lasting settlement” must involve “return of the territories surrounding Nagorno-Karabakh to Azerbaijani control; an interim status for Nagorno-Karabakh providing guarantees for security and self-governance; a corridor linking Armenia to Nagorno-Karabakh; future determination of the final legal status of Nagorno-Karabakh through a legally binding expression of will.” EU ‘Considering’ Large-Scale Aid To Armenia • Harry Tamrazian Armenia -- Piotr Switalski, head of the EU Delegation to Armenia, at a news conference in Yerevan, February 26, 2019. The European Union is prepared in principle to finance “very costly” infrastructure projects proposed by the Armenian government, the head of the EU Delegation in Yerevan, Piotr Switalski, said on Friday. Switalski confirmed that Prime Minister Nikol Pashinian requested EU funding for the construction of highways, hydroelectric plants and other infrastructure in Armenia when he visited Brussels in early March. “Some of these priority projects are very important for Armenia but very costly and very complicated, including the continuation of the North-South corridor, building a highway to the Iranian border, which, as you can imagine, amounts to hundreds of millions of euros,” he told RFE/RL’s Armenian service. “But we are very seriously considering how best to implement these projects.” Speaking on March 7, two days after returning from Brussels, Pashinian said the EU is ready to allocate funding for his “mega projects” provided that they are co-financed by the Armenian government. To that end, he said, the government needs to significantly improve tax collection and/or obtain more foreign loans. Pashinian added that he will discuss the matter with relevant government bodies and the Central Bank of Armenia (CBA) in the coming weeks to see whether the country could manage a higher public debt. The Armenian debt passed the $7 billion mark last year. “As your prime minister said after his conversations in Brussels, it is impossible to expect the EU providing such big grants to cover all the costs,” said Switalski. “We have to find a possibility of cheap loans to be matched with grants and to find the best financing formula. But we are in a very constructive mood.” The diplomat stressed that his staff is already “devoting a lot of time and energy to talks with Armenian counterparts” on the issue. BELGIUM -- Armenian Prime Minister Nikol Pashinian (L) and the President of the European Council Donald Tusk arrive for a joint statement to the media following their meeting in Brussels, March 5, 2019 European Council President Donald Tusk praised the Pashinian government’s ambitious reform agenda when he spoke to reporters after his March 5 talks with the Armenian premier. Tusk said the EU is ready to support it with “enhanced technical and financial assistance.” Switalski was also full of praise for the current authorities in Yerevan that came to power in last year’s “velvet revolution. “I believe that during these 12 months Armenia has changed,” he said. “There are undeniable gains and successes.” In particular, the EU envoy pointed to the authorities’ efforts to root out corruption and strengthen the rule of law. “Armenians have become equal facing the law,” he said. “There is no impunity. There are no groups, no individuals who could feel that they are in a special status, protected from the workings of the legal mechanism.” Parliamentary Opposition Sees No Cooperation With Kocharian • Astghik Bedevian Armenia - Deputies from the Prosperous Armenia Party attend a parliament session in Yerevan, March 5, 2019. The two opposition parties represented in Armenia’s parliament said on Friday that they have no plans to join forces with former President Robert Kocharian in challenging the current government. Kocharian, who was arrested in December on coup charges, predicted the emergence of a new and “powerful” opposition force in the country in written comments to the Reuters news agency published on Wednesday. He said he will be personally involved in the emerging opposition but did not elaborate. Nor did the ex-president clarify who else could join it. Gevorg Gorgisian, a leader of the opposition Bright Armenia Party (LHK), ruled out the possibility of any cooperation with Kocharian. “I also exclude that he will manage to form an opposition front that could become a serious factor in the Armenian political scene,” Gorgisian told RFE/RL’s Armenian service. “Kocharian no doubt has financial and other resources accumulated over time by various means, which in theory could have an impact,” he said. “But our society doesn’t have a short memory and shouldn’t be underestimated. Everyone remembers the country’s losses suffered during the Republican Party’s rule and the criminal-oligarchic system which we had to deal with on a daily basis.” A senior representative of the other parliamentary opposition force, the Prosperous Armenia Party (BHK), said it has received no cooperation proposals from Kocharian and has different priorities. Mikael Melkumian also stressed that the BHK supported last year’s “velvet revolution” which toppled Republican Party (HHK) leader Serzh Sarkisian’s government. “It doesn’t mean that we agree with everything that’s happening now,” Melkumian said, citing government policies opposed by the BHK. The BHK’s founding leader, businessman Gagik Tsarukian, became one of Armenia’s richest men and developed close ties with Kocharian during the latter’s 1998-2008 rule. At least until 2015, Tsarukian’s party was regarded by some observers as a Kocharian’s support base. Melkumian made clear that unlike Kocharian, the BHK sees no political motives behind the criminal charges brought against the ex-president. Kocharian’s arrest and prosecution has been condemned by two other opposition parties not represented in the current parliament: the former ruling HHK and the Armenian Revolutionary Federation (Dashnaktsutyun). The HHK spokesman, Eduard Sharmazanov, renewed on Friday his party’s calls for Kocharian’s immediate release from jail. Sharmazanov did not exclude the HHK’s cooperation with Kocharian. “The Republican Party is prepared to cooperate with all those political forces whose political agenda will match our agenda,” he said. A Dashnaktsutyun leader, Ishkhan Saghatelian, sounded more ambiguous on this score. “We haven’t had discussions with anyone,” he said. “It makes no sense to talk now about what could happen later on.” Press Review “Aravot” disapproves of deputy parliament speaker Alen Simonian’s remark that Robert Kocharian and Serzh Sarkisian should not be referred to as former presidents because “they had never been elected president.” The paper says that if one is to believe Simonian “Armenia did not have a president for 20 years and the individuals who signed international treaties, ratified laws and signed decrees were in fact not presidents.” “The history of the state is a continuous process,” it says. “There cannot be ‘white spots’ here.” “Hraparak” comments on Thursday’s celebrations in Nagorno-Karabakh of the 27th anniversary of the capture of Shushi, saying that they amounted to a “show of national unity” as they were attended by current and former government leaders, party members and non-partisan individuals. “One thing is clear,” writes the paper. “The ideas of homeland and victory unite people and make them forget their disagreements and differences. There is a good reason why in times of adversity the nation closes the ranks and defends its land and right to live there. The Armenian people have repeatedly proved that.” Lragir.am reports that the European Union and its partner states involved in the Eastern Partnership program will hold a summit in Brussels on May 24. Prime Minister Nikol Pashinian and Azerbaijan’s President Ilham Aliyev will also attend it. “Nikol Pashinian said yesterday that an official meeting [with Aliyev] is not planned but that he won’t mind talking and discussing the situation if there is an opportunity,” writes the publication. “One of the topics [of such a conversation] is renewed tensions on the borders, even though Pashinian does not consider that a destabilization.” It also hopes that Pashinian will continue to press the EU to avoid any pro-Azerbaijani references in the text of an upcoming agreement with Azerbaijan. (Lilit Harutiunian) Reprinted on ANN/Armenian News with permission from RFE/RL Copyright (c) 2019 Radio Free Europe / Radio Liberty, Inc. 1201 Connecticut Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20036. www.rferl.org