Tuesday, May 4, 2021 Three Armenian Prisoners Freed By Azerbaijan • Artak Hambardzumian • Narine Ghalechian ARMENIA -- People stand at a Russian military plane with some of Armenian captives upon its arrival at a military airport outside Yerevan, December 14, 2020 Azerbaijan freed and repatriated on Tuesday three more Armenians who were taken prisoner during or shortly after last year’s war in Nagorno-Karabakh. They were reportedly flown to Yerevan by a Russian military plane late in the evening. All three men are soldiers, according to Armenian Deputy Prime Minister Tigran Avinian’s office. In a statement, the office said their release was made possible by joint efforts of Russia, France and the United States and what it called broader international pressure exerted on Baku. “We hope that this process will have a logical continuation and quick conclusion,” added the statement. Sixty-nine Armenian prisoners of war (POWs) and civilians were freed earlier this year and last December in prisoner exchanges arranged by Russian peacekeepers stationed in Karabakh. More than 100 others are believed to remain in Azerbaijani captivity. Yerevan insists on their immediate and unconditional release, citing the terms of a Russian-mediated truce agreement. Baku claims that they are not covered by the agreement because they were captured after it took effect on November 10. Azerbaijani officials have branded them as “terrorists.” The European Union last week called on Azerbaijan to free all remaining Armenian prisoners “as soon as possible” and “regardless of the circumstances of their arrest.” The U.S., Russian and French mediators co-chairing the OSCE Minsk Group called for their release earlier in April. Meanwhile, two Yerevan-based human rights lawyers said on Tuesday that 19 Armenian POWs and civilian captives were murdered by Azerbaijani servicemen after their capture. In a joint statement, they said they have filed relevant lawsuits at the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR). The lawyers, Siranush Papian and Artak Zeynalian, have also appealed to the Strasbourg court on behalf of the families of other prisoners believed to remain alive. Armenia’s human rights ombudsman, Aman Tatoyan, told RFE/RL’s Armenian Service, for his part, that his office has monitored Azerbaijani social media accounts and found 17 videos of Azerbaijani soldiers beheading Armenian prisoners or murdering them otherwise. Tatoyan said the office has also collected about 100 Azerbaijani video clips depicting the torture and degrading treatment of other captives. He said it will submit the video material to international human rights bodies. Armenian Central Bank Again Hikes Key Interest Rate • Sargis Harutyunyan Armenia- Martin Galstian, the chairman of the Central bank of Armenia, at a news conference in Yerevan, May 4, 2021. The Central Bank of Armenia (CBA) raised its main interest rate on Tuesday for the third time in about five months, citing continuing inflationary pressures on the domestic economy. The CBA’s governing board set the refinancing rate at 6 percent, up by 0.5 percentage points. The board already raised it by 1 percentage point on December 15 and by another 0.25 percentage points on February 2 amid rising consumer prices in the country. A major depreciation of the Armenian currency, the dram, was another factor behind the tightening of its monetary policy. In a statement, CBA said the latest rate hike is also aimed at curbing higher-than-expected consumer price inflation. According to Armenia’s Statistical Committee, 12-month inflation reached 5.8 percent in March, surpassing a full-year target of 4 percent set by the Armenian government and the CBA for 2021. Food prices were up by an average of 7.4 percent year-on-year. Statistical Committee data shows particularly drastic increases in the cost of imported basic foodstuffs such as cooking oil and sugar. The CBA governor, Martin Galstian, said the surge reflecting a global trend, coupled with the weaker dram, is the main cause of the higher inflation rate. He admitted that the authorities may well fail to meet their 2021 inflation target. Speaking at a news conference, Galstian was confident that the CBA’s latest decision to raise the minimum cost of borrowing will not slow Armenia’s recovery from a recession caused by the coronavirus pandemic and aggravated by the war with Azerbaijan. In fact, he said, the Armenian economy now seems on course to growth faster than was recently projected by the Central Bank. But he declined to forecast any growth rates. The economy shrunk by 7.6 percent last year. The CBA forecast in March that it will expand by 1.4 percent in 2021. ‘Syrian Mercenaries’ Sentenced To Life In Prison • Naira Bulghadarian Armenia - Yusef al-Haji, a Syrian man captured during fighting in Nagorno-Karbaakh, is shown on Armenian television, November 3, 2020 An Armenian court on Tuesday handed a life sentence to two Syrian men who were captured during last year’s war in Nagorno-Karabakh. Karabakh’s Armenian-backed army took them prisoner in fierce fighting with Azerbaijani forces stopped by a Russian-mediated ceasefire November 10. They were handed over to Armenia to stand trial on a string of criminal charges, including terrorism. The trial lasted for just a few hours, with both defendants, identified as Muhrab al-Shkheri and Yusef al-Haji, apparently pleading guilty to the accusations. The court in the southeastern Armenian town of Kapan sentenced them to life in prison, backing investigators’ claims that that they are mercenaries who were recruited by pro-Turkish militant groups to “terrorize civilians” in Karabakh and commit other war crimes. The trial prosecutors said the Syrians underwent military training at a camp in northern Syria in June-September 2020 before being transported to Azerbaijan via Turkey. In addition to a fixed wage of $2,000, the recruiters also promised to pay $100 for every Armenian killed by them, according to the prosecutors. Both men admitted being mercenaries in their testimonies shown on Armenian television late last year. Armenian officials portrayed that as further proof that thousands of Syrians fought in Karabakh on Azerbaijan’s side for money. The Armenian claims were backed by France and, implicitly, Russia. French President Emmanuel Macron accused Turkey of recruiting jihadist fighters from Syria for the Azerbaijani army shortly after the outbreak of large-scale hostilities in and around Karabakh on September 27. Russia also expressed serious concern about the deployment of “terrorists and mercenaries” from Syria and Libya in the Karabakh conflict zone. Turkey and Azerbaijan denied the presence of any foreign mercenaries in the Azerbaijani army ranks. Baku dismissed the Syrians’ televised confessions as a fraud. Multiple reports by Western media quoted members of Islamist rebel groups in areas of northern Syria under Turkish control as saying in late September and October that they are deploying to Azerbaijan in coordination with the Turkish government. Armenian Judge Claims Government Retribution • Naira Bulghadarian Armenia -- A court building in Yerevan, June 9, 2020. A judge in Yerevan claimed on Tuesday that the Armenian authorities are trying to punish him for his refusal to sanction the arrest of a man accused of plotting to assassinate Prime Minister Nikol Pashinian. The man, Ashot Minasian, was the commander of a volunteer militia from the southeastern town of Sisian which participated in the autumn war in Nagorno-Karabakh. Minasian and three opposition figures were detained in November amid anti-government protests in Yerevan sparked by Armenia’s defeat in the six-week war. The National Security Service (NSS) charged them with plotting to kill Pashinian and overthrow the government. All four men rejected the charges as politically motivated before being freed by courts. Judge Arman Hovannisian cited a lack of evidence produced by the NSS when he ordered Minasian’s release. Armenia’s Court of Appeals upheld that ruling in response to an appeal lodged by prosecutors. It emerged last week that the Ministry of Justice has asked the Supreme Judicial Council (SJC) to take disciplinary action against Hovannisian. It cited prosecutors’ claims that the judge violated the law when deciding whether or not to issue the arrest warrant. Both the ministry and the Office of the Prosecutor-General on Tuesday refused to elaborate on the alleged violations. Hovannisian alleged, meanwhile, government retribution for his decision not to remand Minasian in pre-trial custody. He claimed that the law-enforcement authorities themselves are acting illegally. Under Armenian law, judges can face disciplinary proceedings for gross misconduct or procedural violations discrediting the judiciary, rather than rulings handed down by them. Only higher courts can declare those rulings illegal or unfair and overturn them. It is not yet clear when the Supreme Judicial Council (SJC) will consider the ministry’s petition. The independent body is empowered to nominate, sanction and fire judges. The SJC chairman, Ruben Vartazarian, himself was controversially suspended and charged with obstruction of justice on April 15 weeks after Pashinian’s political allies accused him of encouraging courts to free dozens of opposition members and other government critics detained in recent months. Vartazarian denies the accusations. He says that Pashinian’s administration has ordered the criminal proceedings against him in a bid to replace him with Gagik Jahangirian, an SJC member reputedly allied to Pashinian. Jahangirian was named as acting head of the SJC pending the outcome of the criminal investigation because of being the oldest member of the judicial watchdog. Armenia Condemns Azeri ‘Destruction’ Of Karabakh Church NAGORNO-KARABAKH -- A view shows Ghazanchetsots Cathedral damaged by recent shelling in Shushi/Shusha, October 8, 2020 Armenia accused Azerbaijan on Tuesday of vandalizing Nagorno-Karabakh’s largest Armenian church located in the Azerbaijani-controlled town of Shushi (Shusha). Photographs taken from nearby hills and publicized on Monday showed the Holy Savior Cathedral stripped of its conical dome and cross that was perched on it. Other parts of the 19th century church, commonly known as Ghazanchetsots, were covered in scaffolding. Azerbaijani authorities did not immediately comment on those changes. Karabakh’s human rights ombudsman, Gegham Stepanian, said they are trying to “distort” the appearance of the white stone church “under the guise of renovation works.” The Armenian Foreign Ministry issued a statement condemning what it called an act of “vandalism aimed at depriving the Shushi Cathedral of its Armenian identity.” “It’s noteworthy that Azerbaijan is carrying out actions at the Shushi Cathedral without consulting with the Armenian Apostolic Church, which clearly violates Armenian believers’ freedom of religion,” said the statement. “It is equally concerning that Azerbaijan has started to change the architectural appearance of the church before the launch of a UNESCO expert assessment mission.” Senior Armenian lawmakers added their voice to the condemnation during a session of the National Assembly. Lilit Makunts, the parliamentary leader of the ruling My Step bloc, accused Baku of seeking to “eliminate all traces” of Armenian history and culture from territory occupied by the Azerbaijani army during last year’s war. NAGORNO-KARABAKH -- Arthur Sahakyan, 63, prays inside the damaged Holy Savior Cathedral of Shushi/Shusha, October 13, 2020. The Shushi cathedral was twice hit by long-range Azerbaijani missiles during the war. The missiles left a gaping hole on a lower roof of the church but did not damage its dome. Azerbaijani forces captured the strategic town overlooking the Karabakh capital Stepanakert just days before a Russian-brokered ceasefire stopped the hostilities on November 10. Armenian officials have since repeatedly accused them of desecrating Armenian cemeteries, churches and other monuments in and around Karabakh. Yerevan has also expressed serious concern about the fate of the medieval Dadivank monastery located in the Kelbajar district just west of Karabakh. Although the district was handed over to Azerbaijan in late November, Russian peacekeeping forces set up a permanent post at Dadivank to protect Armenian clergymen remaining there. The peacekeepers also periodically escort Karabakh Armenian worshippers to the monastery for religious ceremonies. Reprinted on ANN/Armenian News with permission from RFE/RL Copyright (c) 2021 Radio Free Europe / Radio Liberty, Inc. 1201 Connecticut Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20036.