Friday, April 8, 2022 Court Overturns Pashinian’s Conviction In 2008 Unrest Case • Naira Bulghadarian Armenia - A man walks past burned cars on a street in Yerevan where security forces clashed with opposition protesters, 2 March 2008. Armenia’s Court of Cassation has absolved Prime Minister Nikol Pashinian from all responsibility for the 2008 post-election unrest in Yerevan that left ten people dead. Pashinian played a major role in an opposition movement led by former President Levon Ter-Petrosian, the main opposition candidate in a hotly disputed presidential election. The then 32-year-old journalist was the main speaker at an opposition rally held in Yerevan on March 1-2, 2008 amid vicious clashes between some protesters and security forces. Eight protesters and two police officers were killed in what was the worst street violence in Armenia’s history. Outgoing President Robert Kocharian declared a state of emergency and ordered Armenian army units into the capital, accusing the Ter-Petrosian-led opposition of attempting to seize power. Pashinian went into hiding but surrendered to law-enforcement authorities in July 2009. He was subsequently tried and sentenced to seven years in prison for organizing the “mass disturbances,” a charge rejected by him as politically motivated. Like other Ter-Petrosian allies, Pashinian was released from jail in May 2011 under a general amnesty declared by the former Armenian authorities. In February this year, Armenia’s Office of the Prosecutor-General appealed to the Court of Cassation to overturn the guilty verdict in Pashinian’s trial and declare him innocent. It cited a ruling handed down by the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) in January. The Strasbourg court ruled that Armenian law-enforcement authorities had violated Pashinian’s freedom of speech and assembly. The Court of Cassation, the country’s highest body of criminal justice, cleared Pashinian of any wrongdoing in a verdict handed down on Friday. It also acquitted three other former opposition activists. Armenia - Opposition leader Nikol Pashinian addresses protesters that barricaded themselves in central Yerevan, 1 March 2008. A spokesman for the prosecutors insisted in February that their decision to seek Pashinian’s acquittal “has nothing to do with the position occupied” by Pashinian at present. One of the prosecutors said on Friday that a total of 20 individuals jailed for the 2008 unrest have had their convictions overturned in the last three years. The authorities radically changed the official version of the events of March 2008 shortly after Pashinian swept to power in May 2018. They prosecuted Kocharian and three other former officials on coup charges strongly denied by them. A district court in Yerevan acquitted Kocharian and the other defendants in April 2021 after the Constitutional Court declared the coup charges unconstitutional. The 67-year-old ex-president, who now leads the country’s main opposition alliance, has said that his prosecution is part of a “political vendetta” waged by Pashinian. The prime minister has denied that. Russia Slams West’s ‘Disingenuous’ Moves On Karabakh • Aza Babayan Russia - Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov and Armenian Foreign Minister Ararat Mirzoyan enter a hall during a meeting in Moscow, April 8, 2022. Russia on Friday accused Western powers of seeking to sideline it, hijack Armenian-Azerbaijani peace talks and use the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict in their standoff with Moscow over Ukraine. Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov said that the United States and France have stopped working with Russia within the framework of the OSCE Minsk Group that has long been co-headed by the three mediating nations. Lavrov also hit out at the European Union, saying that it is trying to claim credit for Armenian-Azerbaijani agreements that were brokered by Moscow after the 2020 war in Nagorno-Karabakh. “In a Russophobic frenzy, our American and French ‘partners’ … have cancelled the co-chairing troika of the OSCE Minsk Group,” he said after talks with Armenia’s visiting Foreign Minister Ararat Mirzoyan. “They have said that they will not be communicating with us in this format.” “If they are ready to sacrifice the interests -- in this case of the Armenian side -- of settlement in Nagorno-Karabakh and the South Caucasus as a whole, it’s their choice,” he told a joint news conference. Mirzoyan questioned this claim, saying Yerevan has received “very clear signals” from the U.S. and France that they remain committed to the Minsk Group. “This is very encouraging,” he said. Lavrov went on to lambaste European Council President Charles Michel for his failure to mention Russia’s role in his statement on his trilateral meeting with Armenian Prime Minister Nikol Pashinian and Azerbaijani President Ilham Aliyev held in Brussels on Wednesday. “This indicates what is more important for the EU leadership: to build on what has been achieved or to use the Karabakh theme to ‘mark’ itself along its Russophobic line,” he said. “This is sad. Russia will never sacrifice the interests of our closest allies to some geopolitical, propaganda plans or games.” Michel said after the Brussels talks that Aliyev and Pashinian agreed to start drafting a comprehensive peace accord and to set up a commission tasked with demarcating the Armenian-Azerbaijani border. He also reaffirmed the EU’s readiness to facilitate the opening of transport links and other confidence-building measures between the two South Caucasus states. Russia - Russian President Vladimir Putin, Azerbaijani President Ilham Aliyev and Armenian Prime Minister Nikol Pashinian make statements to the press after talks in Sochi, November 26, 2021. Lavrov stressed that Russian President Vladimir Putin had already laid the groundwork for these agreements during his frequent contacts with the Armenian and Azerbaijani leaders. In particular, he argued that the latter pledged to create a commission on border demarcation at their November 2021 meeting with Putin held in Sochi. “We and our colleagues confirmed today that the decision of the leaders of Russia, Armenia and Azerbaijan that the delimitation commission will be bilateral with the consultative participation of the Russian side remains in force,” added Lavrov. A senior EU diplomat insisted earlier on Friday that the EU and Russian efforts to end the Karabakh conflict are “not mutually incompatible.”The diplomat also told RFE/RL’s Armenian Service that Michel gave credit to Moscow by referring to the Russian-brokered ceasefire that stopped the six-week war in November 2020. Lavrov further announced that a Russian-Armenian-Azerbaijani intergovernmental body dealing with practical modalities of reopening regional transport links will meet later this month after a four-month hiatus. He said Moscow is also ready to help Yerevan and Baku “create conditions” for concluding the peace treaty. “We talked [with Mirzoyan] in detail about how we can help our neighbors start this process,” he said. In a further sign that Moscow wants to wrest back the initiative in the Armenian-Azerbaijani peace process, Lavrov phoned his Azerbaijani counterpart Jeyhun Bayramov after the talks with Mirzoyan. According to the Russian Foreign Ministry, they discussed the possible peace treaty, the creation of the commission on border demarcation and renewed activities of the Russian-Armenian-Azerbaijani task force. Russia Again Not Backed By Armenia In UN Vote On Ukraine • Naira Nalbandian U.S. - Ukraine's UN Ambassador Sergiy Kyslytsya speaks during a UN General Assembly vote on a draft resolution seeking to suspend Russia from the UN Human Rights Council in New York City on April 7, 2022. Armenia has declined to vote against suspending Russia from the United Nations Human Rights Council over its ongoing military campaign in Ukraine. The UN General Assembly cited reports of “gross and systematic violations and abuses of human rights” in Ukraine on Thursday when it made the decision by 93 votes to 24, with 58 abstentions. Armenia and more than a dozen other nations did not vote at all. Armenia was the only member of the Russian-led Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) that did not openly oppose the decision. Russia's deputy UN Ambassador Gennady Kuzmin described the General Assembly’s move as an "illegitimate and politically motivated step" before announcing that Russia has decided to quit the Human Rights Council altogether. According to the Reuters news agency, Russia had warned countries that a yes vote or abstention will be viewed as an “unfriendly gesture” with consequences for bilateral ties. The Armenian government on Friday refrained from commenting on its ambiguous position on the suspension of Russia’s membership in the UN body. By contrast, opposition lawmakers criticized Yerevan’s failure to side with Moscow. One of them, Aram Vartevanian, argued that Russia is Armenia’s closest ally and the main guarantor of Nagorno-Karabakh’s security. “As you know, we have reached a point where it is the Russian peacekeepers in Artsakh (Karabakh) that guarantee the security of Artsakh Armenians,” said Vartevanian. “So I don’t understand the reasons for Armenia’s behavior.” Last month Armenia abstained from voting on a UN General Assembly resolution that deplored “in the strongest terms” Russia's invasion of Ukraine. A few days earlier, it voted against the effective suspension of Russia’s membership in the Council of Europe. Russia has long been Armenia’s main military and political ally. The South Caucasus state’s dependence on Moscow for defense and security deepened further following the 2020 war with Azerbaijan. EU Plans More Armenian-Azeri Talks • Heghine Buniatian Belgium - European Council President Charles Michel, Armenian Prime Minister Nikol Pashinian and Azerbaijani President Ilham Ali start a trilateral meeting in Brussels, April 6, 2022. The European Union plans to organize more negotiations between Armenia and Azerbaijan to follow up on understandings reached by their leaders in Brussels on Wednesday, according to a senior EU diplomat. “What will actually happen very practically is that we're going to be having very regular meetings and a continued role of facilitation for the EU,” the diplomat privy to the talks told RFE/RL’s Armenian Service. During their trilateral meeting with European Council President Charles Michel, Armenian Prime Minister Nikol Pashinian and Azerbaijani President Ilham Aliyev decided to instruct their foreign ministers to start official negotiations on an Armenian-Azerbaijani peace treaty. They also agreed to set up before the end of this month a joint commission on demarcating the Armenian-Azerbaijani border. “I'm fully conscious when I say that there's not much time left,” said the diplomat. “I think we will need to be following up quite quickly with this. And I think there is an expectation that we would look to have a meeting at leaders’ level relatively soon to review progress and tackle any outstanding issues that are blocking the moves forward.” The source, who spoke on the condition of anonymity, gave no possible dates for the next Aliyev-Pashinian encounter. Michel described the four-hour talks hosted by him as “productive,” saying that they yielded “concrete and tangible results.” Critics in Armenia point out that the top EU official made no mention of Nagorno-Karabakh, let alone an agreement on its status or the Karabakh Armenians’ right to self-determination. They say this is a further sign that Pashinian is ready to agree to Azerbaijani control over the disputed territory. Pashinian reiterated on Thursday that Baku’s proposals on the treaty, including a mutual recognition of each other’s territorial integrity, are acceptable to Yerevan. But he said the question of Karabakh’s status must also be on the agenda of the talks on the peace treaty. The European diplomat suggested that this will likely be the case, pointing to Michel’s remark that the planned treaty “would address all necessary issues.” “I think you can see that the phrase … ‘would address all necessary issues’ in the statement [by Michel] is not there by accident,” the diplomat stressed. Pashinian has also been criticized by his domestic political opponents for agreeing to start the process of border demarcation without securing the withdrawal of Azerbaijani forces from Armenian border areas seized by them last year. The Armenian government said earlier this year that the process should start only after a mutual withdrawal of troops from contested border areas. “I think there's a recognition that you need a pullback on both sides of the border,” the EU diplomat said in this regard, adding that the demarcation commission is expected to also deal with “those contested areas where tension reduction is a priority.” The diplomat also insisted that the EU’s growing involvement in Armenian-Azerbaijani negotiations is not aimed at undermining Russia’s significant role and presence in the Karabakh conflict zone. The official pointed to the Kremlin’s positive reaction to the outcome of the Brussels talks. The diplomat said Turkey, another major regional player, is even more supportive of the EU mediation: “This process that we're running is very helpful for them because the Turks are not able or cannot have a process of normalization with Armenia without that being matched by a process, if you like, of normalization between Azerbaijan and Armenia. So there they are, in my view, mutually reinforcing.” Reprinted on ANN/Armenian News with permission from RFE/RL Copyright (c) 2022 Radio Free Europe / Radio Liberty, Inc. 1201 Connecticut Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20036.