Toronto Star, Canada
Sept 1 2006
Modern Turkey’s first new church opens in Istanbul
Sep. 1, 2006. 02:06 PM
REUTERS
ISTANBUL – A new Christian church has opened in Istanbul for the
first time in modern Turkey in what its founder hailed today as a
sign of increased religious freedom in the EU candidate country.
Since the foundation of the Turkish Republic in 1923 as a secular
state with a predominantly Muslim population, accompanied by a mass
exodus of Greek and Armenian Christians, many churches and other
non-Muslim religious buildings have closed or been abandoned.
Minority rights are one of several sticking points in negotiations
with the European Union, and the continuing closure of a Greek
Orthodox seminary has become a symbol of the difficulties still to be
overcome.
Barcelona-born Carlos Madrigal, the founder pastor of Istanbul’s
Evangelical church, sees the end of his seven-year struggle to make
the church official as a major step for Turkey.
"As far as the Protestant Church is concerned, it’s an achievement
… but in terms of the rights and freedoms of all citizens, a door
has been opened for any community," he told Reuters at the church on
the Asian side of Istanbul.
He described the labyrinthine and expensive process required to get
his church legally registered, including two trips to Turkey’s top
court.
Before 2003 it was impossible to open a church in Turkey, as Turkish
legislation made no mention of the necessary procedures and dealt
only with mosques, and worship outside an official venue was
forbidden.
European Union-inspired reforms in 2003 changed that, but even so, it
took a further three years of bureaucratic procedures before the
church could officially open in August.
Officially, Turkey is strictly secular, but a large majority of Turks
are Muslim, and Islam is closely tied up with the national identity.
The national flag bears the Islamic star and crescent moon, and many
feel non-Muslims are not real Turks.
The new church is simple, unadorned except for stained-glass windows,
in a house converted for about $130,000 with help from donors in
Britain, Spain, the United States and Indonesia.
Now two more Evangelical churches are applying for permission to
register, one in Istanbul’s Besiktas district and another in the
southeastern city of Diyarbakir.
Madrigal, a Catalan from a Catholic family who came to Turkey in
1985, says there are some 5,000 evangelical Christians in Turkey –
half of them Turks – and he receives four or five enquiries each
week.
But, in a country where missionaries have traditionally been viewed
with suspicion, the group does not actively seek new members.
"(Proselytising) is seen badly in society … The word missionary
means spy," Madrigal said, adding that in 1987 he was arrested, and
as policemen beat him they demanded to know which state he worked
for.
There has been much progress since then, and Madrigal says the EU has
played a large role, but his church still has unmet demands, such as
being allowed to have a graveyard.
Madrigal, who says that what he has faced in Turkey has parallels
with obstacles to change in Spain under dictator Francisco Franco,
also looks forward to greater freedoms in Turkey as EU membership
draws nearer.
"Turkey is changing its attitude slowly, from the realm of what is
forbidden to one of what is permitted."