Les Chypriotes, ces Californiens d’Orient

Le Figaro
24 juillet 2004

Les Chypriotes, ces Californiens d’Orient;
PAROLES D’EUROPÉENS Suite de notre série : Chypre. Dans cette île
déchirée entre Turcs et Grecs, seuls ces derniers profiteront de
l’Union

Nicosie : Laure Mandeville

Ils chantent à pleine voix : Mario le barde, penché sur sa guitare,
torse moulé dans un tee-shirt bleu marine, avec son faux air de Jack
Lang, ses cheveux bouclés et son air rieur. Ses deux amis assis à la
même table, devant une bouteille de vin local à la robe vermeille et
au goût trop sucré ; et puis leurs voisins de tablée, une famille de
citadins chypriotes venus fêter la réussite de leur fille à ses
examens d’entrée à l’université. La mère, petit bout de femme
rondelette, nez en patate, cheveux roux teints remontés dans le cou,
vient carrément se planter à côté du chanteur, en criant à tue-tête.
Un fonctionnaire du ministère de la Défense, passablement éméché, se
lance dans une grande fresque géopolitique sur les raisons de la
division de l’île, partagée entre Turcs et Grecs. A Chypre, la
politique hante les conversations, presque autant que le football !
De plus en plus disert au fur et à mesure qu’il boit, Mario le
guitariste, avocat de profession, se met à fulminer contre
«l’incompétence» des politiciens locaux «qui étouffent les petits
métiers libéraux», avant d’entonner une joyeuse ballade grecque…
Nadia et Dalia, jolies filles d’Ukraine et de Lituanie qui font la
plonge en cuisine, sortent de leur antre pour jouir de la scène. Cela
leur fait du bien à l’me, cette exubérance méditerranéenne, qui
tranche avec la nostalgie noyée de vodka et de slavitude de leurs
terres natales.

L’air est doux. De drôles de parasols suspendus en hauteur forment
une voûte de tissu qui cache les étoiles et couvre la terrasse de
cette petite taverne, nichée au coeur de la vieille ville de Nicosie,
capitale de l’île. «Ce qui nous caractérise, c’est le sens de la fête
!» , lance la femme rousse, en se dandinant d’aise. A l’exception des
mythiques nes chypriotes, de plus en plus rares, qui se mettent à
braire au petit matin dans les montagnes du Troodos, en même temps
que les cloches des monastères vous invitent à matines, ce sont les
tavernes et les cafés de Chypre qui révèlent le mieux «l’me»
éternelle de cette île carrefour de Méditerranée orientale.

C’est ici, aux terrasses des «kafejnas», petits cafés peuplés
d’hommes basanés sirotant de l’ouzo en jouant au trictrac, qu’on vous
interpelle pour vous inviter gentiment à «faire une pause». Pour
chanter, boire, fumer (les non-fumeurs sont rares) ; se gorger de
viandes grillées et de drôles de bonbons jaune clair au nectar de
raisin et aux amandes. Pour parler aussi. Evoquer l’histoire de
l’île, joyau de Méditerranée marqué par les invasions successives, de
l’ordre grec à la colonisation britannique, en passant par les
Romains, Byzance, la botte musclée des Lusignan de France, et bien
sûr la tutelle de l’Ottoman…

C’est sous les tonnelles que l’on vient rêver, immobile, à
l’orientale. Posée aux portes du Moyen-Orient, à quelques encablures
des côtes turques au nord et des côtes libanaises au sud-est, Chypre,
l’île grecque remplie de vestiges de la splendeur hellénique, semble
avoir été touchée par «le sommeil» des Orientaux d’Anatolie et leur
potentiel de contemplation. N’est-elle pas «un paradis naturel, au
milieu duquel se dresse l’arbre de l’oisiveté» ?, s’émerveille
l’écrivain britannique Lawrence Durrell dans les années 50, dans son
beau livre Citrons acides, alors que montent déjà les troubles de
l’indépendance arrachée à l’Angleterre en 1960.
Le problème est que cet hédonisme presque philosophique que l’on hume
toujours à l’ombre des parasols ne reflète plus bien la réalité d’un
pays que l’invasion turque de 1974 a coupé en deux, bouleversant tous
les repères. D’un seul coup, un beau jour, il y a trente ans, c’est
tout le quotidien de deux peuples qui a basculé, à la faveur de ce
qu’il faut bien appeler une véritable épuration ethnique. En quel
ques heures à peine, sans prendre le temps de faire une valise,
parfois même en chaussettes, quelque 190 000 Grecs chypriotes ont dû
fuir vers le Sud, abandonnant leurs maisons et leurs vergers pleins
d’agrumes, tandis que des dizaines de milliers de Turcs chypriotes
migraient au Nord.
Brusquement, ces deux communautés habituées à cohabiter depuis des
siècles ne se sont plus parlé. Si Turcs et Grecs de Chypre portent
toujours au coeur la même déchirure, la même balafre que symbolise
physiquement l’affreux mur de barbelés qui traverse l’île, s’ils
continuent de rêver à haute voix de «réunification», leurs routes ont
divergé économiquement, politiquement et mentalement. Le mur a bien
été rouvert aux habitants, il y a an, lançant une grande vague de
week-ends de «pèlerinage» dans les maisons perdues. Yannis
Hadjiloukas, un Grec de Nicosie, a retrouvé la sienne amputée d’un
étage et occupée par des bergers de Turquie…

«C’était triste, a-t-il raconté, je n’ai pas retrouvé une seule
photographie, un seul livre qui m’appartienne…» Loin de rapprocher
les communautés, ces contacts ont dans l’ensemble créé une tentation
de repli, surtout dans la jeunesse du Sud, qui n’a pas connu
l’avant-1974. «On a peur d’eux, et eux de nous», résume Marina, la
quarantaine, Grecque chypriote du Sud, qui n’est pas contre une
fédération à condition qu’elle maintienne deux administrations
séparées. «Nos instituteurs nous enseignent une vision nationaliste
de l’histoire, qui nourrit la haine», renchérit Karene Voskeritchian,
jeune Arménienne de Limassol.

Les Chypriotes du Sud craignent aussi de devoir «payer pour les
Turcs», vu l’immense différence de niveau économique. C’est qu’en
trente ans, tandis que la République autoproclamée de Chypre Nord,
sous tutelle turque, non reconnue par la communauté internationale,
sombrait, telle une Belle au bois dormant, dans une léthargie
débilitante – dont le seul avantage a été de préserver le littoral de
l’assaut des promoteurs immobiliers -, Chypre Sud se lançait à corps
perdu dans le tourisme et la modernité galopante. Bétonnant ses côtes
avec une ardeur dont on ne voit toujours pas la fin. Le résultat est
là : un pays arriéré transformé en Californie orientale, avec son
boom économique impressionnant, son chômage quasi inexistant, son
taux d’équipement high-tech très avancé… et hélas, une dégradation
de l’environnement tout aussi spectaculaire. Dopée par l’arrivée des
élites libanaises fuyant la guerre, dans les années 80, Chypre Sud
s’est aussi muée en place financière, dont le statut offshore a
attiré les nouveaux Russes après l’effondrement du communisme.

Les pauvres paysans chypriotes grecs déracinés sont devenus riches.
«La plupart des familles ont quatre voitures, des maisons à étages,
des résidences secondaires, des ordinateurs, des téléphones mobiles
et des motos pour les enfants… C’est le syndrome des nouveaux
riches qui ne savent quoi faire de leur argent», explique Ka rene.
Limassol, sur la côte sud. La laideur des immeu bles cons truits à
grande vitesse, sans réflexion sur le devenir de ce port, est
choquante. C’est à peine si on aperçoit la mer violette, entre les
cubes de béton qui bordent les plages. Même les lauriers roses et les
bougainvilliers semblent faire la moue, comme s’ils avaient du mal à
trouver leur place, entre les gratte-ciel des banques et les
fast-foods bon marché. L’ambiance est américaine, le civisme en
moins. Les immenses avenues sont impossibles à traverser sans risquer
de se faire écraser par les 4 X 4 lancés à grande vitesse. Pourtant,
jadis, la ville était belle, avec son bord de mer crénelé de belles
maisons vénitiennes et ottomanes.

Le père du photographe arménien Robert Voskeritchian, arrivé sur
l’île après le génocide arménien de 1915, en avait fait de nombreux
clichés que le fils garde précieusement dans ses archives. «Les
Chypriotes veulent se venger de la perte de leurs terres, en
consommant et en construisant clinquant, sur du sable», note un
observateur français. Cette perte d’identité est selon lui «la clé
psychanalytique» qui permet d’expliquer la fuite en avant. «Le
problème des Chypriotes est qu’ils n’ont jamais été maîtres de leur
destin, vu l’importance géostratégique de l’île. Ils se sont vu
donner une fausse indépendance par les Britanniques, qui ont gardé
une toute petite portion du territoire et ouvert la porte de l’île à
la Turquie», renchérit le photographe Voskeritchian, tandis que ses
yeux vifs lancent des éclairs. L’Arménien de Limassol est loin d’être
seul à détester les Britanniques, mais la culture anglo-saxonne n’en
est pas moins omniprésente, surtout dans une jeunesse vivant au
rythme des tubes anglo-américains et des séries d’outre- Atlantique
montrées en boucle sur la télévision locale.

A Limassol, au fast-food de Goodies, toujours plein à craquer, les
jeunes Chypriotes ventripotentes, nombril à l’air, mangent des frites
et des burgers en tapotant sur leurs portables dernier cri. Malgré
les drapeaux grecs qui pavoisent les immeubles officiels, la Grèce
continentale, si aimée des aînés qui voulaient s’y rattacher, perd du
terrain. «Comme aux Etats-Unis, la mentalité est matérialiste. Les
enfants sont pourris gtés, leurs parents leur donnent tout», affirme
Karene, Arménienne de 19 ans, qui a reçu une éducation beaucoup plus
exigeante. Les tensions qui en découlent sont nombreuses. Les jeunes
exigent beaucoup, mais délaissent leurs vieux, devoir pourtant sacré
dans cette société méditerranéenne. On se marie toujours très tôt,
mais le taux de divorce connaît une croissance exponentielle.

Les parents s’inquiètent aussi beaucoup d’une libéralisation des
moeurs galopante. Ainsi Yannis Hadjiloucas est-il obligé de laisser
sa fille de 16 ans aller en boîte après minuit, car c’est l’heure à
laquelle ouvrent désormais les discothèques de cette île festive où
il fait toujours beau. Pourtant, la société «garde une vraie
cohésion, un vrai réseau familial», tempère le Français Jean-
Bertrand Dubart, installé dans l’île depuis seize ans. L’Eglise,
premier investisseur, reste un ciment national important. Le taux
élevé de diplômés de l’enseignement supérieur, qui atteint 60%, donne
de bonnes armes aux jeunes générations qui entrent dans l’Europe.
Avisés, les Chypriotes comprennent d’ailleurs tout l’intérêt de
s’ouvrir à l’Union, même s’il ne s’agit pas «de leur identité
naturelle», beaucoup plus orientale. Ils savent que pour sortir du
système politique clanique, pour casser le poids du Parti communiste
(30% des votes) et des syndicats, pour secouer la torpeur
bureaucratique et imposer une cure d’austérité, Chypre a besoin de ce
mariage de raison. L’ampleur des trafics de drogue, qui prolifèrent à
travers la Turquie et les réseaux des Grecs pontiques de l’ex-URSS,
les inquiète. Enfin, les Chypriotes grecs se demandent si l’Europe,
en imposant des visas, pourra les aider à faire face aux nouveaux
envahisseurs qui déferlent. Ni croisés ni janissaires du sultan, ces
«intrus» ont de longues jambes interminables, des yeux bleus en
amande, et portent… des minijupes. Ce sont les redoutables femmes
slaves de l’ex-URSS, à l’éclatante beauté, qui par milliers, prennent
mari dans l’île. Le nombre de mariages mixtes, affirme la presse
locale, a pris la forme d’un phénomène de société, pour le grand
déplaisir des jeunes femmes chypriotes. Mais Chypre la convoitée en a
vu d’autres… Lundi : les Maltais

Turkish PM to meet Chirac on lobbying visit for EU entry talks

Associated Press Worldstream
July 20, 2004 Tuesday 1:56 PM Eastern Time

Turkish Prime Minister to meet Chirac on lobbying visit for EU entry
talks

by PAMELA SAMPSON; Associated Press Writer

Turkish Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan pressed ahead Tuesday
with an official visit to France aimed at prying open the European
Union’s doors to his overwhelmingly Muslim country.

But his quest was a hard sell in France, where leaders have failed to
enthusiastically embrace Turkey’s bid and polls show most French want
Turkey to stay out of the 25-member union.

Erdogan, after meeting with French President Jacques Chirac, said he
tried to convey the message that Turkey is making the changes
required to meet the so-called Copenhagen criteria for membership and
is counting on France not to withdraw its support.

But he said Turkey should not be held to a higher standard than the
other EU members or the two nations hoping to join in 2007, Romania
and Bulgaria.

“Turkey doesn’t ask to join at any price,” Erdogan said at a press
conference. “Joining the EU is not a must for Turkey.”

But France has its doubters. One of the most prominent voices to
oppose Turkey membership has been former French President Valery
Giscard d’Estaing, who bluntly said that Turkey isn’t European and
its entry would mean “the end” of the EU.

The ruling Union for the Popular Majority party, which has an
overwhelming majority in the French parliament, also is hostile to
Turkey’s membership. Erdogan met with former party head Alain Juppe
and others later Tuesday to try to win over hearts and minds.

The French public also needs to be convinced. In a poll of 1,511
people last month, 61 percent of French who responded said they
opposed Turkey membership in the EU, and only 31 percent said they
approved. Eight percent did not have an opinion.

Turkey is hoping for a positive report on its candidacy from the
European Commission this fall. Turkey hopes to get a start date for
entry negotiations at the EU summit in December, but some European
countries have seemed reluctant to include Turkey – a country of some
70 million, mostly Muslim inhabitants.

Membership of Turkey, located at the crossroads of Europe and Asia,
would stretch the EU’s borders to Syria and Iraq – a fact that
opponents say moves Europe too close to the unstable Middle East.

Chirac has said that he believes Ankara was not likely to be able to
meet the bloc’s conditions for another 10-15 years.

Foreign Minister Michel Barnier said in a radio interview Tuesday
that “Turkey should not expect to enter the European Union tomorrow
morning” even if it improves its human rights record and reforms its
justice system, two key requirements.

“Turkey still has a ways to go toward becoming a social and
democratic model along the lines of the European model,” Barnier told
Europe-1 radio.

Turkey also has passed sweeping democratic reforms to meet the EU’s
membership criteria, abolishing the death penalty and granting
greater cultural rights to long-oppressed Kurds.

French Prime Minister Jean-Pierre Raffarin said Monday after talks
with Erdogan that France was awaiting the European Commission report.

“We will study the Commission’s report this fall with the greatest
attention,” Raffarin said.

Whatever the outcome of Turkey’s application, it likely will maintain
its strong commercial contacts with France. Turkey’s Anatolia news
agency said that Erdogan and Chirac on Tuesday agreed in principle on
the purchases of 36 Airbus planes by Turkish Airlines at a cost of
around US$1.5 billion.

In Paris, members of the Revolutionary Armenian Federation held a
demonstration against Erdogan’s visit and said Turkey should not be
allowed into the EU until it recognizes the Armenian genocide.

Armenians accuse Turks of a genocide of up to 1.5 million Armenians
between 1915 and 1923. Turks claim the number of deaths is inflated
and say the victims were killed in civil unrest.

“We are here to convince the French government, specifically Chirac,
to say absolutely ‘No’ to Turkey’s entry into the European Union,”
said Marie Ghazarossian, a housewife of Armenian descent who has
lived in France for 15 years. “Turkey is not a part of Europe, not
the Europe that we know.”

Journalist Found Stabbed To Death In Moscow

Radio Free Europe, Czech Republic
July 18 2004

Journalist Found Stabbed To Death In Moscow

18 July 2004 — A journalist was found stabbed to death in Moscow
yesterday, a week after a U.S.-born magazine editor was shot dead
outside his Moscow office.

Police said the body of Pail Peloyan was found yesterday on the side
of a highway. He was the editor of “Armyanski Pereulok” (“Armenian
Lane”), a Russian-language culture magazine.

On 9 July, the editor of the Russian edition of “Forbes” magazine,
Paul Klebnikov, was shot to death in Moscow. After the killing, the
U.S.-based Committee to Protect Journalists called on Russian
President Vladimir Putin to change what the group called “the climate
of lawlessness” that has enabled attacks against journalists in
Russia.

U.N. Ranking Highlights Africa AIDS

U.N. Ranking Highlights Africa AIDS

Thu Jul 15, 2:42 PM ET

By PAUL AMES, Associated Press Writer
BRUSSELS, Belgium – The U.N.’s annual ranking of the global rich and poor
Thursday showed that AIDS (news – web sites) was pushing African nations
further into misery while the most the world crept toward higher
development.

Of the 177 nations included in the U.N. Development Index, African nations
occupied all but three of the last 30 places. After decades of edging
forward in step with other regions, 13 African nations have seen their
development rating decline since 1990.
“The picture that emerges is increasingly one of two very different groups
of countries: those that have benefited from development and those that have
been left behind,” the report said.
Last on the list for the seventh straight year was Sierra Leone, which is
still struggling to recover from years of civil war. Just above it were the
West African neighbors – Niger, Burkina Faso and Mali.
According to the report, which is based on 2002 data, a citizen of Sierra
Leone can expect to live to just over 34 years. At the other end of the
ranking, Japanese have an average life expectancy of 81, Swedes 80.
For the fourth year running, Norway topped the overall ranking – which takes
in life expectancy, income and educational attainment. It was followed by
Sweden and Australia.
Of the top 20 nations, only Australia at third, Japan at ninth and New
Zealand at 18th were outside Europe or North America. The United States was
ranked eighth, a fall of one place from last year.
The world’s newest nation, East Timor (news – web sites), was included for
the first time and ranked at 158, the lowest outside Africa. The other
lowest non-African nations were Haiti at 153 and Yemen at 149.
Israel was the highest-ranked Middle Eastern nation at 22, followed by
Bahrain at 40. The Palestinian Territories were ranked 102.
About 30 nations were not included because of insufficient data, including
Afghanistan (news – web sites), Iraq (news – web sites) and Liberia (news –
web sites).
Just two mainland African nations made the top 100 – Libya at 58 and Tunisia
at 92.
The biggest increase from the 2003 list was recorded by Albania, which has
been recovering from an economic crisis in the late 1990s. A 30-place surge
to 65th position hoisted Albania almost 50 places ahead of Europe’s poorest
nation – Moldova which languished in 113th position.
Also upwardly mobile were Armenia, up 18 places to 82, and St. Kitts and
Nevis, one of the world’s smallest countries which climbed 12 spots to 39.
Other former British territories in the Caribbean fared less well. Belize
suffered the biggest drop, 32 places to 99, followed by Dominica which
slipped to 95th place, down 27.
The report found that nearly 1 billion people face some form of
discrimination, and the United Nations (news – web sites) appealed for
governments to do more to respect minority rights.
“Some 900 million people, about one in seven of the world’s population,
belong to groups that believe themselves to be discriminated against or
disadvantaged,” said Mark Malloch Brown, administrator of the U.N.
Development Program.
Basing its data on research by the University of Maryland, the United
Nations pointed to more than 200 groups “that face political disadvantage or
discrimination based on ethnic, linguistic or religious identities.”

It said 130 million faced direct discrimination as a result of public
policy. “The rest are discriminated against because of social customs in the
country or the lingering effects of historic discrimination,” the report
added.
In data released Wednesday, the United Nations blamed AIDS for pushing down
African development levels. “AIDS is reversing the hard-won gains of recent
decades,” Elizabeth Lwanga, deputy director of the UNDP’s Africa office,
said at the international AIDS conference in Bangkok, Thailand.
Malloch Brown said AIDS was not the only factor holding Africa back. He
called for Europe and North America to open their markets to African
agricultural exports and said richer nations should invest more in health,
education and transport networks in Africa.

Armenia gets first tranche of food grant from EU

ITAR-TASS News Agency
TASS
July 12, 2004 Monday 1:25 AM Eastern Time

Armenia gets first tranche of food grant from EU

By Tigran Liloyan

YEREVAN

The European Commission has extended the first tranche of food grant
to Armenia worth 1.5 million euros, Armenian Minister for Finance and
Economy told Itar-Tass late on Sunday.

The total grant will amount to 9.5 million euros. The rest of the aid
will come in two parts, four million euros each, within a year.
According to the minister, the EU aid is “extremely important and
useful for Armenia”.

The European Union is financing the agriculture, social sphere,
statistics, real estate cadastre, and the system of state governing
of Armenia. The agrarian block includes forestry.

The head of the EC delegation to Armenia and Georgia, Torben Holtze,
this is the eighth program of aid to the republic. Starting from
1997, these two former Soviet republics have received aid worth 68.5
million euros. Armenia’s share is bigger than that of Georgia, he
added.

According to the diplomat, the aid program will be continued. Under
the program under development, which will cover the period up to the
year 2007, Armenia is expected to get 30 million euros.

Late this year, or early in 2005, the Armenian government is expected
to hold a forum of donor-countries, the finance minister reported.

AAA: Schwarzenegger Appoints AAA Board Member to High-Ranking Post

Armenian Assembly of America
122 C Street, NW, Suite 350
Washington, DC 20001
Phone: 202-393-3434
Fax: 202-638-4904
Email: [email protected]
Web:
 
PRESS RELEASE
July 6, 2004
CONTACT: Christine Kojoian
E-mail: [email protected]

GOV. SCHWARZENEGGER APPOINTS ASSEMBLY BOARD MEMBER TO HIGH-RANKING POST

Washington, DC – The Armenian Assembly of America congratulated one of its
own today, Board of Directors Member Lisa Kalustian, on her recent
appointment to a top position in Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger’s (R-CA)
district office.

Kalustian, a California native who served as deputy cabinet secretary for
former Governor Pete Wilson in the 1990s, has been appointed chief deputy
director of Governor Schwarzenegger’s Los Angeles Office. The position does
not require Senate confirmation.

A longtime Assembly activist and Fellow Trustee, Kalustian most recently
worked for one of the nation’s largest health plans. During her tenure as
vice president of public affairs at Western Region of Health Net, Inc., she
oversaw media relations and communications for Health Net of California and
Health Net of Oregon.

“As an experienced public servant and long standing Armenian-American
community leader, Lisa is a great asset for the State of California. The
Armenian Assembly is honored to have her as a member of our team,” said
Assembly Board of Directors Chairman Anthony Barsamian. “We commend the
Governor for his choice and wish Lisa much success in her new position.”

The Armenian Assembly of America is the largest Washington-based nationwide
organization promoting public understanding and awareness of Armenian
issues. It is a 501(c)(3) tax-exempt membership organization.

NR#2004-064

Photograph available on the Assembly’s Web site at the following link:

Caption: Lisa Kalustian

http://www.aaainc.org/images/press/2004-064/2004-064-1.jpg
www.armenianassembly.org

ASBAREZ Online [06-28-2004]

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06/28/2004
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1- Armenian Patriarch Meets US President
2- Oskanian, Gul Meet in Istanbul
3- Congress Best Bet for US Recognition of Genocide
4- Chirac Slams Bush for Interfering in Turkey’s EU Bid
5- Armenia Marks Tenth Anniversary of Military Academy

1- Armenian Patriarch Meets US President

ISTANBUL (Haybad/Zaman)–While the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
Summit may be headlining US President George W. Bush’s trip to Istanbul,
Turkey, he took time out on Sunday to meet with various religious leaders.
Bush met with President of Religious Affairs Ali Bardakoglu, Istanbul Mufti
Mustafa Cagrici, Fener Greek Patriarch Bartholomeos, Armenian Patriarch Mesrob
Mutafyan, Chief Rabbi Ishak Haleva and Syriac Orthodox Archbishop Yusuf
Cetin.
In his opening remarks, Bush welcomed the religious leaders, and referred to
Turkey “with its mosaic of faiths and cultures,” as a good model of secular
democracy–in spite of its predominantly Muslim population.
When a journalist asked at the end of the meeting if the participants had any
particular message, Bush said that he came together with important
personalities from different religions and faiths and had “an excellent
meeting.” Bush added that the religious leaders represented the best side of
Turkey.
Patriarch Mutafyan had an opportunity to speak to Bush about the situation of
Turkey’s non-Muslim population, and stressed that for minorities to exist in
Turkey–or for any ethnic or national minority to exist anywhere–three
institutions must be guaranteed: First, places of worship to preserve
religious
heritage and to nourish the spiritual life of the community; second,
schools to
teach language and culture; and third, foundations to fund religious and
educational activities and the necessary personnel to keep them active. The
minorities in Turkey, he stressed, are attempting to maintain those
institutions for the future and well-being of their communities.
The Patriarch also stressed that though religious leaders attempt to stick to
spiritual edification, and stay out of politics, certain instances call
for, if
not political involvement, at least a moral response.
Mutafyan told the press that the religious leaders conveyed their concerns to
Bush about the violent incidents they witness every time the turn on the
television. Bush reportedly responded, “Believe me, these do not reflect our
real face. Justice will deal with some of the incidents you see on television,
particularly those in the prison in Baghdad.”
Fener Greek Patriarch Bartholomeos indicated that they discussed the role of
religion and Turkey’s religious mosaic. “President Bush said that the
religious
mosaic was very important for Turkey and that it is an asset to the
country. In
order to maintain this, all the religions need to raise their own religious
leaders. Otherwise, the mosaic will disappear,” recalled Bartholomeos.
White House National Security Adviser Condolezza Rice, Secretary of State
Colin Powell and the US Ankara Ambassador Eric Edelman also attended Bush’s
meeting with religious leaders.
Before leaving, Patriarch Mutafyan presented the following letter to
President
Bush:

“Dear Mr. President,

It is with great pleasure that we welcome your visit to our country on the
occasion of the NATO summit here in Istanbul.
The Armenians of Turkey, constituting by far the largest Christian community
in this country, have long cherished, with affection and amity, the United
States of America, which, besides having a historic friendship and alliance
with Turkey, also has welcomed to its shores many of our kinsmen since the
second half of the 19th century.
It is because of these warm sentiments, that I feel able to express the
uneasiness we feel at the escalating level of violence which has been
spreading
across the globe and which is especially pressing in the Middle East region,
where we also live.
I personally believe that you, Mr. Bush, as the president of a great country
that leads the world, have the authority to affect the course of events, and
this is why I would like to voice my anxiety.
War, terror, torture, embargo, marginalization, defamation or
condescension…Whatever form violence takes, it always leads to consequences
which are not in accord with human dignity. Instead it leaves indelible scars
in memories and generates lasting enmities between peoples. Throughout
history,
there has never been an act of violence or retaliation which has not harmed
the
innocent. Sadly, the consequence is usually that violence begets more
violence.
This is why, even when seeking to serve legitimate, higher ideals such as
establishing peace, upholding democracy or preventing terror, the resort to
violence, merely culminates in more pain and suffering to the innocent,
especially children.
Throughout history, when governments have resorted to force when
challenged by
violence or even civil unrest, it often effectively became collective
punishments of whole nations or peoples. What has happened recently in
Palestine, Iraq, Afghanistan, and Sudan are clear examples. This cannot be a
portrayal of sublime sentiments and indeed, to many it is viewed as revenge, a
sentiment which cannot coexist with civilization.
I believe that the United States of America and her President, have the
ability to preserve the values they struggle for without resorting to violence
in all its terrible diversity. It is sufficient to maintain their trust in
God,
in their sense of vocation and ultimate potential for good. Whenever we
embrace
violence we are already diminished and the high moral and religious ideals to
which we aspire are betrayed.
Mr. President, I can imagine to a certain extent the pressures that you must
be undergoing at present and therefore please be assured of my prayerful
support. May God be in all visions for world peace and may He protect us all
from losing our faith.
With my sincere good wishes,
MESROB II
Armenian Patriarch of Istanbul and All Turkey

2- Oskanian, Gul Meet in Istanbul

ISTANBUL (AFP/Armenpress/RFE/RL)–Under pressure by North Atlantic Treaty
Organization (NATO) and the European Union (EU), Armenia, Azerbaijan and
Turkey
pledged on Monday to seek to resolve their tangled disputes through trilateral
meetings.
The foreign ministers of the three troubled neighbors, Vartan Oskanian of
Armenia, Elmar Mamedyarov of Azerbaijan, and Abdullah Gul of Turkey met on the
sidelines of the NATO summit in Istanbul.
“The dialogue was quite good,” Oskanian told reporters after the meeting. “I
have nothing concrete to state at this point, but the meeting was quite
positive. . . This was a meeting between the three equal sides which have
interests and benefits in the region”
Referring to the enlargement of the EU and NATO, Oskanian said, “We need to
shape a new strategic vision for the Caucasus so that we can keep pace with
the
developments around us.”
Emphasizing that both NATO and the EU were anxious to stabilize the
conflict-torn Caucasian region, Gul told reporters after the meeting that they
had discussed “ways and means of cooperating to achieve stability through
constructive means.”
He said he and his counterparts had agreed to hold further trilateral
meetings
later in the year.
Mamedyarov added: “We will try to do our best to bring peace and stability to
the region.”
Armenia and Azerbaijan are divided by a long-standing dispute Mountainous
Karabagh.
A close ally of Azerbaijan, Turkey has declined to establish diplomatic ties
with Armenia and remains bitter at Yerevan’s efforts to secure international
recognition of the Armenian genocide by Ottoman Turkey.
Ankara is under pressure by the EU (which it seeks to join) to re-open its
border with Armenia, which it closed in 1993 in a show of solidarity with
Baku.

Oskanian told reporters he had discussed the issue with Gul in a bilateral
meeting earlier in the day, but it would be premature to expect an immediate
re-opening of the border.
Oskanian used his participation in the NATO summit, marred by violent clashes
between Turkish police and left-wing protesters, to meet with Patriarch Mesrob
Mutafian, the spiritual leader of Turkey’s small Armenian community. He also
delivered a speech to a group of Istanbul Armenians.

3- Congress Best Bet for US Recognition of Genocide

YEREVAN (YERKIR)As Turkey remains a key ally of the United States and is a
member of NATO, the US administration’s position on the Genocide issue is not
likely to change, Armenia’s ambassador to the US
Arman Kirakossian, told Armenpress, responding to whether the US would change
its policy [on Armenian genocide recognition] if Democratic presidential
candidate John Kerry were to win the November election. Ambassador
Kirakossian noted that both former president Bill Clinton and the incumbent
George W. Bush promised to recognize the Armenian genocide but did not
stick to
their promises. “A shift in this policy can be expected only by working
with US
Congress,” Kirakossian noted.

4- Chirac Slams Bush for Interfering in Turkey’s EU Bid

(AFP)–French President Jacques Chirac bluntly criticized George W. Bush on
Monday for supporting Turkey’s bid to join the European Union, saying the US
President had “gone too far”.
On Sunday, Bush publicly endorsed Turkey’s bid, telling Prime Minister Recep
Tayyip Erdogan in Ankara: “I will remind the people of this good country that
you ought to be given a date by the EU for your eventual acceptance into the
EU.”
Chirac told a news conference on the sidelines on the NATO summit here: “Not
only did he go too far, he ventured into territory which is not his concern.”
The French president, who is among the EU leaders most firmly opposed to
Turkish membership of the EU, added: “It would be like me telling the United
States how to run its affairs with Mexico.”

5- Armenia Marks Tenth Anniversary of Military Academy

YEREVAN (NoyanTapan)–During a June 27 ceremony marking the 10th
anniversary of
Armenia’s Vazgen Sargisian Military Institute, 270 graduates received their
diplomas and military shoulder-straps in the presence of President Robert
Kocharian, Prime Minister Antranig Margarian, Defense Minister Serge
Sargisian,
parliamentarians, government officials and high-ranking military personnel.
The prime minister said that the institute, established during arduous times
for the newly independent Armenia, has succeeded in preparing experienced and
skilled military personnel.
“If Azerbaijan had the slightest doubt about the Armenian Army’s military
power, they would have surely restarted the war by now,” said the Defense
Ministry’s Chief of Staff and Defense Minister Colonel General Mikhael
Harutyunian.

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Karabakh Refugees Protect Their Rights

KARABAKH REFUGEES PROTECT THEIR RIGHTS

Azat Artsakh, Republic of Nagorno Karabakh (NKR)
June 25 2003

At last there is an organization in Nagorni Karabakh which unites the
refugees. At last because there were refugees in Karabakh since 1988
and so far neither the government, nor the international organizations
have established an agency that would attend to the numerous problems
of the refugees. The fact that the committee was established on these
days causes anxiety. There are a number of factors accompanying this
process. First, from the beginning of this year the interest of a
number of international, particularly European organizations in the
Karabakh problem became apparent. For example in February
representatives of British and American organizations visited
Stepanakert. these organizations have joined in a consortium for the
implementation of the joint program of assistance to the settlement of
the Karabakh conflict and maintenance of an atmosphere of confidence
in the region. As the director of LINKS, which is member of the
consortium, Stephen Nash said, the program is funded by the British
government. Within the framework of the consortium LINKS will deal
with working out alternative ways of conflict regulation, the
organization “Alarm International” will regulate parliamentary
cooperation, the “Service of Catholic Aid” will assist to the
development of the non-governmental sector and “Conciliation
Resources” will deal with the international coverage of the conflict
and work with the local mass media. Within the framework of the
program several separate projects were already funded: the newspaper
“Demo”, Karabakh page in the Internet site of BBC, several other
projects with Karabakh public organization. This is the first
factor. Second, it is apparent that the special representatives of the
European organizations on the Karabakh conflict are interested in the
problems of common people. If formerly different reporters did not
consider it necessary to visit Karabakh for preparing their reports,
this year both Terry Davis and Goran Lenmarker who prepared reports on
Karabakh arrived here. What is more, all of them refuse to participate
in the political settlement of the conflict charging the OSCE Minsk
Group with this mission, and speak about the social and humanitarian
aspects of the problem. As a rule they meet with refugees, imply on
the probability of providing humanitarian aid and so on. Is the
growing interest of Europe favourable for us? On the one hand yes,
because this means an inflow of finance for the spheres of
democratization, development, for which the state has not possibility,
or wish. On the other hand, shifting the problem from the political to
the humanitarian plain may have bad consequences for Karabakh. Without
a political regulation, and recognition of the status of Karabakh any
social and economic assistance will be temporary. We considered this
long preface necessary for showing the background against which the
Committee for Refugees was founded. We talked to the chairman of the
committee S. Saroyan who mentioned that they plan a seminar for
refugees in mid-July which will be organized by the LINKS with the
participation of the Armenian organization “Millenium”. According to
him, the chief aim of the organization is the recognition of the
refugees resettled during the Karabakh conflict both by Nagorni
Karabakh and international organizations. The refugees of Shoushi
particularly mentioned about this during the meetings with the
European guests who visited Shoushi. The thing is that not only the
international community but also the government of Karabakh did not
recognize these people as refugees. Even the law “On refugees” was
adopted only in 2003. Many people and even the refugees explain this
by the fact that the Karabakh authorities tried to solve the problems
of refugees without any status. Many are provided with flats, jobs,
have registration. Then the war started and the refugees fought, got
wounded and killed shoulder to shoulder with the people of
Karabakh. Later a part managed to solve their problems although it is
natural that for them it was much difficult to recover from war than
for the natives of Karabakh. Nevertheless, there are people who still
live in dormitories, consider themselves refugees and think that if
they left their homes against their will, then both the country that
received them and the international community must help them.
Besides, as the deputy chairman of the Committee for Refugees Ashot
Harutiunian mentioned, all the inhabitants of Shoushi are in the sense
of their situation refugees because all of them were resettled, lost
their property and actually returned to their ruined town. In answer
to our question why the problem is raised only now we were told that
formerly nobody reacted to these demands as there was neither a law,
nor interest. Apparently the refugees are not informed on the changes
either. At the Department for Migration, Refugees and Resettlers we
were told that after the adoption of the law not a single refugee
applied for registration. According to Sanasar Saroyan, the committee
today carries out works for bringing together the refugees in
Stepanakert and regions for the settlement of their problems and
providing information on their rights. S. Saroyan mentioned that the
organization intends to become international. The former Armenian
inhabitants of Baku and Sumgait live not only in Karabakh. For uniting
efforts the leadership of the committee has established relationships
with the World Armenian Organization (Ara Abrahamian), Armenian
experts on refugees (Alexander Manassian), former Baku Armenians
living in America (Mikhail Avanessian) and others. The committee
already cooperates with the organization “Country and Culture” which
implements significant programs in Armenia and Artsakh. One of the
important problems that the committee is going to extend to the
government is the necessity of introducing legislative changes in the
law on refugees. It turns out that according to the law the refugees
do not have the right to occupy high positions in Karabakh. Or if the
refugee marries a native of Karabakh, he or she loses their
status. There are also questions related to the procedure of granting
the status of refugee. The second question: the committee was
established in Shoushi. One of the aims set by the members of the
committee is the renaissance of the town, investments and development
of business. According to S. Saroyan, nobody is going to return to
Baku or Sumgait. “But if we were offered to settle down in Shahoumian,
Getashen, we would agree gladly,” said S. Saroyan. According to the
deputy chairman S. Harutiunian Azerbaijan does everything possible to
make maximum political and financial profit from using the problem of
refugees. Quite recently through the state and international funds
about 500 apartments were built for Azerbaijanis close to the Karabakh
border, in the region of Aghdam. “What is this if not a starting
point,” says Ashot Harutiunian. Our authorities must show a similar
approach. Moreover, the stress should be put on the fact that
Karabakh is a sovereign state where people have equal rights. “The
unification with Armenia has no prospects for the upcoming several
years. We voted for independence and we want independence. And in this
context the recognition of the Karabakh refugees by the international
community is our legal claim,” said A. Harutiunian. S. Saroyan
mentioned that the organization intends to present the regulations of
the committee. The authorities promised to aid with the office and
computers. The committee cooperates with the department for migration
and refugees. There have already been organized meetings in the
regions. In short the work has already started.

NAIRA HAYRUMIAN.
25-06-2004

Georgian police arrest 2 Armenians on trafficking charges

ArmenPress
June 25 2004

GEORGIAN POLICE ARREST TWO ARMENIANS ON TRAFFICKING CHARGES

TBILISI, JUNE 25, ARMENPRESS: Georgian police have arrested two
ethnic Armenians, Ashot Hovhanesian and Marina Mnatsakanian, on
charges of running a criminal group involved in trafficking of women.
The Armenians are accused of trying to transport 15 young women
from Uzbekistan to the United Arab Emirates UAE). The women had been
promised jobs in Georgia, but when they arrived in the Georgian
capital they were told they would get their passports only in Dubai,
the girls however refused to travel to the UAE and were locked in a
Tbilisi apartment.
According to Georgian laws, the criminals could face up to 20 year
imprisonment. “We have to carry out a detailed investigation, as the
group seems to be well-organized and most likely that was not its
first attempt to transport women for prostitution,” a prosecutor
Boris Mchkheidze was quoted by RFE/RL as saying.

BAKU: Azeri FM Refutes Parliamentary Speaker’s Statement

Baku Today, Azerbaijan
June 23 2004

Azeri Foreign Ministry Refutes Parliamentary Speaker’s Statement

Azerbaijan’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs refuted a statement by the
parliamentary speaker, Murtuz Aleskerov, that Armenian officers
arrived in Baku secretly, ANS reported on Wednesday.

The ministry said Deputy Foreign Minister Araz Azimov had made a
statement about the Armenians’ expected visit three days before the
Baku-hosted planning conference for NATO’s `Cooperative Best
Effort-2004′ military exercises began on Tuesday.

The exercises are planned to be held in Azerbaijan in September.

The arrival of the Armenian officers, Colonel Murad Isakhanyan and
Senior Lieutenant Aram Hovhanesian, caused outcry among ordinary
Azeri citizens, with a group of activists from Karabakh Liberation
Organization breaking into the hall of Baku’s Europe hotel where the
planning conference was taking place. As a result, the work of the
conference stopped for about ten minutes.

Reinforced police forces eventually forced the protestors out of the
hotel, arresting 12 people, including the KLO chairman Akif Naghi.
Police said a criminal case has been filed into five of the detainees
who are accused of hooliganism.