Central Bank of Armenia: exchange rates and prices of precious metals – 22-11-21

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 17:22,

YEREVAN, 22 NOVEMBER, ARMENPRESS. The Central Bank of Armenia informs “Armenpress” that today, 22 November, USD exchange rate up by 0.24 drams to 476.52 drams. EUR exchange rate down by 0.73 drams to 537.47 drams. Russian Ruble exchange rate down by 0.07 drams to 6.43 drams. GBP exchange rate up by 0.27 drams to 639.82 drams.

The Central Bank has set the following prices for precious metals.

Gold price up by 26.61 drams to 28512.93 drams. Silver price down by 2.64 drams to 379.72 drams. Platinum price down by 451.39 drams to 15872.01 drams.

Azerbaijan spreads disinformation attempting to blame Armenia for provocation, warns Ministry of Defense

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 16:16, 16 November, 2021

YEREVAN, NOVEMBER 16, ARMENPRESS. The Azerbaijani Armed Forces are employing a large-scale disinformation campaign alongside their attack on Armenia, the Ministry of Defense said in a statement.

“Particularly, today at midday, before launching the attack the Azerbaijani Ministry of Defense issued a statement falsely claiming that Armenian military units opened fire simultaneously in several directions of the Armenian-Azerbaijani border on November 15 and 16. The Azerbaijani Ministry of Defense is further claiming that the Armenian military units are carrying out operations in the direction of Tavush. The mentioned reports are false,” the Armenian Ministry of Defense said.

The Armenian Ministry of Defense said that the goal of the Azeri disinformation campaign is to blame the Armenian side for their large-scale provocation. Nevertheless, it is more than obvious that Azerbaijan itself launched the attack, deploying artillery and other equipment in attacking Armenian positions.

Editing and Translating by Stepan Kocharyan

In Yerevan, protesters consider trilateral agreement to be illegitimate

Caucasian Knot, EU
Nov 8 2021

Armenian Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan was not entitled to sign the trilateral agreement, protesters claim. They have torn in public the unsealed trilateral declaration, as they believe that it is a threat to the security of Armenia, and the issue concerning the status of Nagorno-Karabakh should be resolved exclusively within the OSCE Minsk Group.

The “Caucasian Knot” has reported that on November 10, 2020, the trilateral agreement signed by Russia, Azerbaijan, and Armenia on the cessation of hostilities in Nagorno-Karabakh came into force. On the same day, residents of Yerevan, dissatisfied with the signing of the peace agreement with Azerbaijan, broke into the building of the Armenian government and demanded the resignation of Nikol Pashinyan.

Today, another protest action against the trilateral peace agreement signed on November 9, 2020, has taken place on Republic Square in Yerevan.

The participants of the protest action have read out the text of the statement of public and political organizations, which says that the draft declaration was not discussed in the Security Council of Armenia and was not ratified by the country’s parliament. Therefore, according to the Constitution of Armenia, Nikol Pashinyan did not have the legal authority to sign any international document regarding the territories of Nagorno-Karabakh and the Karabakh issue in general.

“We reject the illegal trilateral declaration signed by Nikol Pashinyan on November 9, 2020, since it threatens the security of Armenia. We call on to bring Nikol Pashinyan to responsibility for exceeding his powers and overthrowing the constitutional order,” the protesters claimed.

The participants of the protest action have demonstratively torn the trilateral declaration on Nagorno-Karabakh signed on November 9, 2020, printed on black sheets.

“The text of the trilateral declaration was printed on black sheets of paper not by accident, as it is a black verdict for Artsakh (Nagorno-Karabakh),” Arthur Babayan, a founder of the All-Armenian National Accord Movement, said in his speech.

This article was originally published on the Russian page of 24/7 Internet agency ‘Caucasian Knot’ on November 8, 2021 at 01:06 pm MSK. To access the full text of the article, click here.

Author: Armine MartirosyanSource: CK correspondent

Source: 
© Caucasian Knot

Lavrov discusses Nagorno-Karabakh issue with Paul Gallagher

News.am, Armenia
Nov 9 2021

Russia’s Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov discussed the Nagorno-Karabakh issue with Paul Gallagher, Secretary for Relations with States within the Holy See’s Secretariat of State.

“We thoroughly talked about the efforts that the Russian Federation is making to maintain the ceasefire regime in Nagorno-Karabakh and to organize the processes that will strengthen confidence and create conditions for full economic and other kinds of cooperation in the South Caucasus,” Lavrov said during a press conference held after the meeting.

Pressing Dangerous 3+3 Scheme, Moscow Calls for Active Minsk Group Role

Russia's foreign ministry

Official Moscow said that it is time to “put into practice the 3+3 consultative platform,” referring to a scheme put forth by Ankara and Baku, and supported by Russia that would bring together Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Russia, Turkey and Iran to form a regional entity.

While touting this process, Russia’s Foreign Ministry Spokesperson Maria Zakharova, at a press briefing Wednesday, called for the resumption of full-scale visits to Armenia, Azerbaijan and Nagorno-Karabakh by the OSCE Minsk Group co-chairs.

“As for the position of Georgia, we hear contradictory statements from Tbilisi regarding participation in this consultative mechanism,” Zakharova said referring to the so-called 3+3 scheme. “This is the position of a sovereign state. We assume that the ‘3 + 3’ platform is in the interests of all countries in the region.”

Saying that the OSCE Minsk Group co-chairs enjoy broad international support, Zakharova reiterate Moscow’s position that it was important that the Minsk Group co-chairs continue efforts not only to help settle the Karabakh conflict, but primarily to address the socio-economic and humanitarian tasks facing the region.

Zakharova cited a meeting between the Armenian and Azerbaijani foreign ministers in September mediated by the co-chairs in New York, adding: ”now the co-chairs are preparing for meetings in a number of European capitals, and we believe it is important that the practice of full-scale visits by the co-chairs to this region resume as soon as possible.”

Another case of Azerbaijani vandalism registered in Artsakh

Panorama, Armenia
Nov 12 2021

SOCIETY 14:49 12/11/2021 REGION

A footage showing an act of vandalism by Azerbaijanis is circulating in social media. The video shows how Azeris are pulling down a Christian cross installed in Karvachar mountains in Artsakh with a military truck. 

"Another 'positive' message from the Azerbaijani side. While the Armenian authorities speak of friendship with Azerbaijan, the latters show to what extend they are ready for the friendship. The enemy took down the cross installed in Artsakh. The cross is presumably placed in Qarvachar region in Artsakh," Yerkir Media reported, sharing the video. 

With $300 million in exports from Armenia to China, economy minister sees untapped opportunities

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 13:10, 6 November, 2021

YEREVAN, NOVEMBER 6, ARMENPRESS. China is one of Armenia’s main export destinations, with exports totaling 300,000,000 dollars, but the Minister of Economy Vahan Kerobyan still sees untapped opportunities.

Speaking at the November 6 How to Successfully Export to China roundtable-discussion in Yerevan, Kerobyan presented the statistics of total exports from Armenia in the nine months of 2021.

He said total exports grew 17,2%,, and 27,5% if not counting minerals.

Most exported Armenian product is copper concentrate (578 million dollars), followed by cigarettes (162 million dollars), cognac and other liquors (158 million dollars) and iron alloys (120 million dollars).

Main products in Armenian exports are resource-based products – 1 billion 270 million dollars or 60%, low tech products – 225 million dollars or 10,5%, mid tech products – 9,3% and then only high tech products.

“Main destinations of our exports are Russia with 550 million dollars, China with 300 million dollars, Switzerland with 237 million dollars, EU countries with 500 million dollars and Iraq with 115 million dollars. Nearly 100% of products exported to China are minerals,” Kerobyan said.

However, he added that service exports to China are very little. At the same time, Kerobyan pointed our Digital Pomegranate as an exception, because the most of the company’s clients are Chinese companies.

“Obvoiusly there are untapped opportunities. The government plans to change the content of the exports and to diversify the destinations in the next five years. Now, our export policy is being reviewed, where we will change the emphases on export of sophisticated products of high growth potential. From this perspective we will focus on innovation-oriented companies having great potential for growth and big goals,” Kerobyan said.

Editing and Translating by Stepan Kocharyan

The California Courier Online, November 11, 2021

1-         Comprehensive Report Reveals Turkey’s

            Total Failure in Washington Lobbying

            By Harut Sassounian
            Publisher, The California Courier
            www.TheCaliforniaCourier.com

2-         Biden requests Armenia at Summit; Azerbaijan, Turkey not invited

3-         AAF Delivers Almost $4 Million of Medicines to Armenia, Artsakh in last four months

4-        Jack Youredjian Establishes Major Scholarship Fund for Rural
Youth in Armenia

5-         Armenia Continues Fight Against COVID-19

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1-         Comprehensive Report Reveals Turkey’s

            Total Failure in Washington Lobbying

            By Harut Sassounian
            Publisher, The California Courier
            www.TheCaliforniaCourier.com
Over the years, I have written countless articles describing the
activities of U.S. lobbying firms hired by Turkey and Azerbaijan for
millions of dollars. Fortunately, no matter how much money these
countries spend on lobbying, they are unable to whitewash their
expansionist and undemocratic actions. After the departure of
Erdogan’s bosom buddy Trump, the political landscape has become
bleaker in Washington for Turkey with Pres. Biden’s reaffirmation of
his commitment to uphold the sanctions against Turkey and his
acknowledgment of the Armenian Genocide.

Ben Freeman and his team of researchers at the Washington-based Center
for International Policy published a comprehensive 30-page analysis
last month titled: “Turkey’s Lobby in the United States.” The report
showed that it is simply impossible for Turkey to be a trusted U.S.
partner, while cozying up to Russia, NATO’s rival. The reprehensible
behavior of authoritarian wannabe Sultan Erdogan has made him a
pariah, both at home and abroad!

The report revealed in great detail “the story of how Turkey’s agents
attempted—and largely failed—to shift U.S. stances” on several highly
controversial Turkish policies on foreign and domestic matters.”

The report’s Executive Summary stated that the researchers “analyzed
every Foreign Agents Registration Act (FARA) document filed by
organizations registered to work on behalf of Turkish clients in 2020.
From these documents, we recorded every single ‘political activity’
done for those clients, every campaign contribution mentioned in these
FARA filings, every piece of ‘informational material’ distributed on
Turkey’s behalf, and every dollar these organizations reported
receiving from their Turkish clients.”

Here are the key findings of the report:

“• 11 [U.S. lobbying] organizations [were paid $5 million to register]
under FARA to work on Turkey’s behalf in 2020;

• Those organizations reported making 2,319 contacts on behalf of
their Turkish clients;

• 568 [political] campaign contributions, totaling $526,177, were made
by those firms and their registered foreign agents;

• One Senator received a campaign contribution from a firm that had
contacted her office on Turkey’s behalf that same day.”

Among the five most active U.S. firms hired by Turkey were: Mercury
Public Affairs and Greenberg Traurig both of which ended their
contracts with Turkey in October 2020, as a result of pressure from
Armenian-Americans during last year’s attack on Artsakh by Azerbaijan
and Turkey. The other three firms are: Venable, LB International
Solutions, and Capital Counsel. The latter also terminated its
contract with the Turkish government in April 2021. Nevertheless, as
of September 2021, there are still 10 U.S. lobbying firms hired by
Turkey.

The report broke down the number of contacts made by these lobbying
firms in 2020: House of Representatives (1044); Senate (657); media
(377); think tanks (83); and businesses (37). They mostly contacted
the House Committees on Foreign Affairs and Armed Services. The most
contacted members of Congress were: Cong. Steve Chabot (R-Ohio); Sen,
Roger Wicker (R-Mississippi); and Sen. Todd Young (R-Indiana). Among
the most contacted media members were: The New York Times, Bloomberg,
The Washington Post, CNN, and The Wall Street Journal. The public
relations professionals on Turkey’s payroll submitted to newspapers
pitches for stories, op-eds and letters to the editor. Four of the
think tanks contacted by Turkish agents received funding from the
Turkish government or Turkey-related non-governmental organizations:
the Brookings Institution and the German Marshall Fund of the United
States received funding from the Turkish Industry and Business
Association (TUSIAD); the Center for Strategic and International
Studies received at least $100,000 from the Turkish government in
2019; and the Center for American Progress received funding from the
Centre for Applied Turkey Studies (CATS).

Despite intense lobbying efforts by Turkey, Congress imposed sanctions
on that country for purchasing the Russian S-400 air defense system,
blocked the sale of advance U.S. F-35 military jets, and placed a hold
on all major arms sales to Turkey. In addition, the United States
blocked Turkey’s planned sale of $1.5 billion worth of helicopters to
Pakistan.

In 2020, $156,000 out of $526,000 campaign contributions made by the
lobbying firms representing Turkey went to Political Campaigns
Committees, making it impossible to know which political candidate got
how much money. The top five recipients of some of the remaining
$370,000 were: $28,000 to Cong. Vern Buchanan (R-Florida); $10,600 to
Sen. Tim Kaine (D-Virginia); $9,500 to Cong. Kevin McCarthy
(R-California); $9,100 to Sen. Gary Peters (D-Michigan); and $6,700 to
failed Senatorial Democratic candidate of Iowa Theresa Greenfield. The
report noted that many of the top recipients of contributions from
firms representing Turkey were also amongst the most contacted by
Turkey’s lobbyists.

The report also identified one example of “pay to play” politics: “In
at least one case, the contribution and contact on behalf of Turkey
occurred on exactly the same day. On March 3, 2020 Venable foreign
agent and former Member of Congress, Bart Stupak (D-Michigan), spoke
with Sen. Jean Shaheen’s (D-New Hampshire) scheduler to request a
meeting with the Senator. That same day Venable reported that one of
its foreign agents made a $1,000 contribution to Shaheen’s campaign.”

Importantly, the report concluded that “In 2020, the Turkey lobby in
America fought a number of major battles and, in nearly every
instance, lost. Turkey remains sanctioned as a result of the S-400
purchase. [Dissident Turkish cleric] Fethullah Gulen hasn’t been
extradited to Turkey and continues to reside in Pennsylvania. And, the
U.S. continues to support Kurdish fighters in Syria.” For the
foreseeable future, the Turkish government’s “influence in America
will likely remain marginal, at best.” Meanwhile, Turkey continues to
waste millions of dollars hiring useless lobbyists in Washington,
while millions of Turkish citizens are unemployed and on the verge of
starvation.

The report cautioned, however, that it has covered only “one part of
Turkey’s influence in the U.S. This report, for example, does not
address the influence of the Turkish Heritage Organization, a
non-profit convener that regularly hosts events providing a platform
for Turkish officials in the U.S. Nor does it discuss illicit
influence operations, such as the work Michael Flynn did on Turkey’s
behalf. This analysis of just one part of Turkey’s influence in
America—their FARA registrants—is telling nonetheless.”

While Armenian-Americans do not have influential lobbying firms
working on their behalf in Washington, they have a large number of
voters and contributors in several key states that elected officials
pay more attention to rather than foreign agents hired by Turkey. No
amount of lobbying can whitewash a lie or exonerate the corrupt and
authoritarian Turkish regime.

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2-         Biden requests Armenia at Summit; Azerbaijan, Turkey not invited

WASHINGTON (Armenpress)—U.S. President Joe Biden did not invite either
Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan or Azerbaijani President Ilham
Aliyev to his upcoming Summit for Democracy.

The list of invited governments has not been made public, although
POLITICO managed to obtain it.

The Republic of Armenia is among the invitees.

The Armenian National Committee of America (ANCA) called Biden’s
decision not to invite Erdogan and Aliyev “a sharp but unsurprising
rebuke to Azerbaijan’s petro-monarchy and Turkey’s neo-Ottoman
dictatorship.”

On December 9-10, 2021, Biden will host the first of two Summits for
Democracy, which will bring together leaders from government, civil
society, and the private sector to set forth an affirmative agenda for
democratic renewal and to tackle the greatest threats faced by
democracies today through collective action, the U.S. State Department
said.

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3-         AAF Delivers Almost $4 Million of Medicines

            To Armenia, Artsakh in last four months

GLENDALE—The Armenia Artsakh Fund (AAF) delivered almost $4 million of
humanitarian assistance to Armenia and Artsakh during July to
September 2021, all of which was donated by Direct Relief.

 The medicines, medical supplies and reading glasses donated during
this period were sent to the health ministries of Armenia and Artsakh
and National Hematology Center.

 During the first 10 months of 2021 AAF delivered $25 million U.S.
Dollars worth of much needed medicines and medical supplies for
treatment of COVID-19 patients, as well as medicines and medical
supplies for oncology, cardio vascular and gastrointestinal patients
plus a full container of hygiene products and reading glasses.

In the past 32 years, including the shipments under its predecessor,
the United Armenian Fund, the AAF delivered to Armenia and Artsakh a
grand total of $942 million worth of relief supplies on board 158
airlifts and 2,512 sea containers.

“The Armenia Artsakh Fund is regularly offered free of charge millions
of dollars of life-saving medicines and medical supplies. All we have
to do is pay for the shipping expenses. We welcome your generous
donations to be able to continue delivering this valuable assistance
to all medical centers in Armenia and Artsakh,” stated Harut
Sassounian, the President of AAF.

[email protected].

**********************************************************************************************************************************************

4-        Jack Youredjian Establishes Major Scholarship Fund for Rural
Youth in Armenia

Philanthropist Jack (Hagop) Youredjian of Los Angeles has committed to
supporting thousands of rural youths living in village communities
supported by Children of Armenia Fund (COAF). Jack and his wife Zarig
Youredjian founded the Scholarship Fund for COAF after their most
recent trip to Armenia in 2019, realizing the pressing need to give
Armenia’s rural youth access to higher education. The sizable fund has
already awarded scholarships in its inaugural year to 102 students
from COAF beneficiary villages who are currently enrolled at
universities. The number of scholarship recipients will dramatically
increase each year due to the Youredjian family’s commitment to
continuously replenish their Scholarship Fund. Jack Youredjian was
born and raised in Jerusalem, where he graduated from Sts.
Tarkmanchatz Armenian School. He went on to study at the American
University of Beirut, earned his doctorate in pharmacy from the
University of Southern California, and founded Western Drug Medical
Supply in Los Angeles in 1977. Jack credits the Gulbenkian Foundation
for making it possible for him to pursue his education thanks to their
scholarships. He works closely with several nonprofit organizations,
and has served on numerous Boards of Directors, including COAF.

He and his wife Zarig received COAF’s 2019 Humanitarian Award in
recognition of their charitable work. The scholarship fund is only one
of several initiatives undertaken by the Youredjian family in
providing opportunities for underserved communities in Armenia and
worldwide.

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5-         Armenia Continues Fight Against COVID-19

Armenia is continuing the fight against COVID-19, as the country
continues promoting the vaccination phase.

The U.S. State Department on July 26 warned American citizens to
reconsider travel to Armenia due to the increase in cases of the
Covid-19.

“The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has issued a
Level 3 Travel Health Notice for Armenia due to COVID-19, indicating a
high level of COVID-19 in the country,” said the State Department.

The State Department also urged U.S. citizens not to travel to the
Nagorno-Karabakh region due to armed conflict.

“The U.S. government is unable to provide emergency services to U.S.
citizens in Nagorno-Karabakh as U.S. government employees are
restricted from traveling there,” the State Department added.

WHO, with funding from the European Union, in September supplied X-ray
equipment to 7 COVID-19 frontline hospitals – 1 in the capital Yerevan
and in 6 other cities in Armenia.

A new law came into effect on October 1, which mandates that all
employees in Armenia have a COVID-19 vaccine. But the mandate has been
met with widespread criticism

As of early October, only 5 percent of the country's population had
been vaccinated.

There were 31,677 active cases in Armenia as of November 8. Armenia
has recorded 321,243 coronavirus cases and 6,700 deaths; 282,866 have
recovered.

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Courier. Letters to the editor are encouraged through our e-mail
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by emailing .

France appoints new Co-Chair to OSCE Minsk Group

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 13:48, 4 November, 2021

YEREVAN, NOVEMBER 4, ARMENPRESS. Brice Roquefueil is the new Co-Chair of France to the OSCE Minsk Group, the French government reports.

He will replace Stéphane Visconti who has been serving as the French Co-Chair of the OSCE Minsk Group since 2016.

The respective decree has been signed on November 3.

Brice Roquefueil previously has carried out a diplomatic mission in Panama, Uzbekistan.

 

Editing and Translating by Aneta Harutyunyan

Nagorno-Karabakh Deserves the West’s Attention

The National Interest
Nov 3 2021

The international community has struggled to identify ways in which it can act in the Nagorno-Karabakh region. It has previously provided financial assistance and humanitarian aid, but this has not ended the conflict. An inability to make a significant impact, however, should not mean that the crisis can be ignored.

by Mark Temnycky

On September 16, Armenia initiated proceedings against Azerbaijan before the International Court of Justice (ICJ). In its statement, Armenia requested that the Azerbaijanis release the Armenians detained during the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict. The Armenians accused the Azerbaijanis of “racial discrimination,” and argued that Azerbaijan was guilty of conducting violence and hatred against ethnic Armenians. Armenia concluded its statement by requesting that the ICJ hold Azerbaijan responsible for violating the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination.   

Azerbaijan then introduced a proceeding of its own. In the counterclaim, the Azerbaijanis stated that Armenia was guilty of “ethnic cleansing,” and argued that the Armenians had broken the current ceasefire as they had laid landmines in the Nagorno-Karabakh region. Azerbaijan concluded its statement by requesting that the ICJ “hold Armenia accountable for its violations.”

Armenian and Azerbaijani representatives then delivered their opening statements in front of the ICJ on October 14 in what was a tense affair. Both parties accused each other of human rights violations in the Nagorno-Karabakh region, and they requested that the ICJ intervene. The hearings will continue over the coming weeks, but it will likely “take years” before a final verdict is reached. The court, however, could rule on emergency measures in a matter of weeks.

According to the United Nations, all judgments made by the ICJ are final, and these decisions are “binding…without appeal.” The ICJ, however, does not have a way of enforcing its decisions. This means that if either party is found guilty of human rights violations, then there is nothing the ICJ can do to ensure that Armenia and Azerbaijan comply with the court ruling. With this in mind, it will be interesting to see how these cases progress.

The ICJ proceedings are the most recent development in what has been a never-ending conflict. The crisis began in 1988 when Armenians residing in Karabakh requested that their territory be transferred from Soviet Azerbaijan to Soviet Armenia. Soviet authorities refused this request, and this spurred protests in the region. Fighting then began between the ethnic Armenians and Azerbaijanis living in Karabakh, and this evolved into an armed conflict. 

To this day, the Nagorno-Karabakh region is disputed by the Armenian and Azerbaijani governments. Over the past few decades, numerous ceasefires have been implemented and broken. The ongoing conflict has resulted in the deaths of over 6,000, and the crisis continues without end.

The international community has struggled to identify ways in which it can act in the Nagorno-Karabakh region. It has previously provided financial assistance and humanitarian aid, but this has not ended the conflict. An inability to make a significant impact, however, should not mean that the crisis can be ignored.  

The West's lack of effort was most apparent during the recent skirmish in the autumn of 2020. As tensions flared between Armenia and Azerbaijan, the West failed to respond. This allowed Russia and Turkey to step in as intermediaries during the renewed conflict. A ceasefire was brokered by the end of the year, and Armenia and Azerbaijan agreed to the new terms.

The conditions outlined in the deal stated that “all economic and transport links would be unblocked.” Azerbaijan has reclaimed the Ağdam, Kalbajar, and Lachin districts. Turkey is taking part in the peacekeeping process by sending observers to monitor the situation. Finally, Russia is deploying peacekeeping forces to the Nagorno-Karabakh region for five years. In other words, Russia has established a foothold in the Caucasus while Turkey gains “significant influence in the region.”

Unfortunately, the conflict reignited during the summer of 2021, prompting the recent court proceedings at the ICJ. The court is currently hearing Armenia’s and Azerbaijan’s cases, but that doesn't mean the West is off the hook when it comes to caring about Nagorno-Karabakh.

Why should the West care about the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict? First, the outcome of this crisis could significantly impact Europe’s energy security. Currently, Europe imports some of its gas from the Caucasus. Known as the Southern Gas Corridor, the pipeline will carry 16 billion cubic meters of gas annually from Azerbaijan to Europe. If Russia were to establish a greater presence in the Nagorno-Karabakh region, this could see Gazprom force its way into the Caucasus. This gas company would likely want to restrict Southern Gas Corridor sales so that Russia could strengthen its position over Europe. A reduction in gas from the Southern Gas Corridor would lead to a greater reliance on Russian gas, possibly allowing Russia to establish energy dominance over Europe. Over the past few years, Russia has pushed for the creation of the TurkStream and Nord Stream pipelines in an attempt to reroute Europe’s energy supply. This has seen Russia gain considerable influence over Europe.  

In addition, there is a high risk that the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict could have an international ripple effect. Currently, Russia has aligned itself with Armenia while Turkey, a NATO member, supports Azerbaijan. If the conflict were to escalate to the point where it involved Russian and Turkish troops, and if a skirmish occurred between these two regional powers, this could force the West into an international conflict. According to NATO’s Article 5, “an attack against one Ally is considered as an attack against all Allies.” If Russia were to attack Turkish troops in the Caucasus, as a NATO member, Turkey ostensibly could call for its North American and European Allies to invoke Article 5.

Overall, Armenia and Azerbaijan have failed to grasp the attention of the international community. Their ongoing conflict has largely gone unnoticed, and Russia and Turkey have attempted to spread their influence in the Caucasus. Therefore, the West must position itself as an intermediary in this conflict. Europe and the United States must send dignitaries to meet with Armenian and Azerbaijani leaders to bring an end to the crisis. Otherwise, if the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict continues, and if the situation escalates, it could lead to an international crisis. The world cannot afford another global war.

Mark Temnycky is an accredited freelance journalist covering Eastern Europe.