Armen Sarkissian and ambassadors discuss political situation in Armenia

MediaMax, Armenia
Armen Sarkissian and ambassadors discuss political situation in Armenia

According to Armenian presidential press service, the sides exchanged opinions about the current situation in Armenia. The ambassadors of the European countries expressed hope that everything will be settled in accordance with the Armenian Constitution. 

Armen Sarkissian also touched upon the decent organization of the upcoming events, dedicated to the 100th anniversary of the first Republic of Armenia and the Battle of Sardarapat, the 2800th anniversary of the foundation of Yerevan.


ANCC Welcomes Parliamentary Hearings on Turkey’s Deteriorating Human Rights Situation

Armenian
National Committee of Canada

Comité
National Arménien du Canada

 

Tel./Tél. (613) 235-2622

E-mail/Courriel:[email protected]

www.anccanada.org

 

-PRESS RELEASE-

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE

 

                                                                    Contact: Sevag Belian (613) 235-2622

 

 

ANCC Welcomes Parliamentary Hearings on Turkey’s Deteriorating
Human Rights Situation

 

Ottawa – The Armenian National Committee of Canada (ANCC)
welcomes the recent decision taken by the International Human Rights
Subcommittee of the Standing Committee on Foreign Affairs and International
Development to discuss the current human rights situation in the Republic of
Turkey.

 

In August 2017, the ANCC, along with
the Democratic Kurdish Federation of Canada (DKFC) submitted a joint report to
the subcommittee, requesting a comprehensive study on the alarming human rights
situation and the deteriorating state of the rule of law in Turkey today.

 

“The ANCC and DKFC played an instrumental role in
making the proper representations, both to the subcommittee and the wider
foreign policy community, to ensure that Ottawa takes the proper steps in
addressing the current alarming situation in Turkey and initiate a substantive
study that will hopefully generate a better understanding of the current state
of affairs in that country” said Shahen Mirakian, president of the ANCC.   

 

Since reclaiming power after the
failed coup attempt of July 2016, and especially after the highly controversial
constitutional referendum that granted the president unprecedented powers, Erdoğan
and his regime have been merciless in silencing their opposition and
suppressing the people’s fundamental rights of freedom of speech, assembly and
association. Erdoğan’s purges have particularly targeted the academic and
judicial ranks of the country, while attempting to systematically oppress the
rights of various minority groups in the country. Since July 2016, tens of
thousands of people, including journalists, lawyers, judges, military officers
and activists have been arrested including 12 members of parliament from the
pro-Kurdish leftist Peoples’ Democratic Party (HDP) and 80 Kurdish co-mayors.

 

“The subcommittee’s timely decision to raise this
matter brings further evidence to the deteriorating situation in Turkey and the
west’s growing reservations towards the repressive regime of President Erdoğan. 
Though we welcome this step by the subcommittee, we remain vigilant in making
sure that the appropriate representations are made to our legislators during
these hearings and a clear understanding is formulated regarding the current
state of affairs in Turkey”
added Mirakian.

 

Thus far the subcommittee has dedicated three
specific sessions for this particular subject.  The first hearing took
place on Tuesday, April 17th, the second hearing is set for Thursday, April 19
th,
in Ottawa and the date of the third hearing has not yet been set.

 

“The ANCC will continue to follow closely as the
hearings continue and will be willing to provide more assistance to the
subcommittee to raise more awareness about this increasingly alarming
international human rights situation” concluded Mirakian.

 

 

-30-

 

******

 

 

The ANCC is the largest and the most influential Armenian-Canadian
grassroots human rights organization. Working in coordination with a network of
offices, chapters, and supporters throughout Canada and affiliated
organizations around the world, the ANCC actively advances the concerns of the Armenian-Canadian
community on a broad range of issues and works to eliminate abuses of human
rights throughout Canada and the world.

 

Sevag Belian – Executive Director
Armenian National Committee of Canada
T: (613) 235-2622 | C: (905) 329-8526
E:

Asbarez: Protesters, Riot Police Clash In Armenia

A protester on Monday is being dragged by Armenian police during a clash between law enforcement and protesters

Protest leader tells crowd to “blockade” Armenia’s Parliament building on Tuesday
YEREVAN (RFE/RL)—Thousands of angry opposition supporters clashed with riot police in Yerevan on Monday as they marched to the Armenian parliament in protest against its intention to appoint former President Serzh Sarkisian as the country’s prime minister.

Security forces clad in full riot gear used batons and stun grenades against the crowd when it attempted to break through a police cordon several hundred meters away from the parliament building.

The protesters led by Nikol Pashinian, a prominent opposition figure, were stopped while marching along Marshal Bagramian Avenue from a nearby street intersection in downtown Yerevan which has been occupied by them since Friday.

On the fourth day of demonstrations against Serzh Sarkisian, protesters clashed with police in front of the Armenian Parliament building

The clashes broke out after senior police officers at the scene refused to let Pashinian and his supporters reach the National Assembly. Pashinian told them that he and three other parliament deputies representing his Civil Contract party “need to go to work” along with their sympathizers.

Moments after a deputy chief of Yerevan’s police department, Valeri Osipian, warned Pashinian against “provocative,” actions the crowd pushed through the first lines of riot police. But it was stopped by razor wife and a larger number of security forces standing behind it. The latter also fired stun grenades.

An RFE/RL correspondent saw two protesters injured as a result.

The police went on to warn the demonstrators to disperse or face a further use of force. But the crowd refused to walk back to the opposition tent camp. The tense standoff thus continued, with the police not immediately acting on their threats.

Pashinian suffered injuries to his hands and right eye and was rushed to hospital in a police car. Speaking to reporters at the Nairi Medical Center about an hour later, he said he cut his hands with the razor wire and a bruise under his eye was caused by a stun grenade explosion. He also made clear that “in effect” he was not beaten up by the police.

According to the hospital administration, three police officers were also hospitalized. They suffered shrapnel wounds that may have also been caused by stun grenades.

The Armenian Health Ministry reported later that 46 people required medical assistance after the clash. Six of them were police officers, it said.

Meanwhile, the national police issued a written appeal to Pashinian saying that the protests will be forcibly broken up if he continues defy their warnings.

The outspoken oppositionist remained defiant, however, as he promptly left the hospital to rejoin the protesters. “We should keep advancing our agenda,” he told the journalists at Nairi. “The police did not manage to disperse the participants of our rally. I am proud of them and call on all citizens of Armenia to take to the streets to speak out against Serzh Sarkisian’s third term.”

Pashinian led his supporters to Bagramian Avenue after spending several hours blocking traffic through most streets in downtown Yerevan. The “civil disobedience” actions began early in the morning and quickly attracted thousands of demonstrators, many of them university students.

“You are powerful, and you are going to win today,” Pashinian told them when they rallied in the city’s France Square shortly before the attempted march to the parliament building.

“Serzh Sarkisian will not be Armenia’s prime minister,” declared the 42-year-old former journalist. “The Republican Party will not be in government.”

The parliament is scheduled to vote for a new prime minister on Tuesday. Earlier on Monday, the parliamentary factions of the ruling Republican Party of Armenia and its junior coalition partner, the Armenian Revolutionary Federation, formally nominated Sarkisian for what will now be the country’s top government post.

Parliament member Nikol Pashinyan, who is leading the protests against Serzh Sarkisian, addresses the thousands gathered on Monday–the fourth day of protests in Yerevan

Pashinian Calls For ‘Blockade’ Of Armenian Parliament
Pashinian urged supporters to block even more streets of Yerevan on Tuesday morning to disrupt a session of the Armenian parliament which is due to allow former President Serzh Sarkisian to remain in power.

Pashinian specifically called for a “blockade” of the parliament building. He said all roads leading to the National Assembly should be blocked by protesters in order to prevent it from installing Sarkisian as Armenia’s prime minister.

“We have to close those streets with anything we can get hold of,” he told thousands of supporters that again gathered in the city’s France Square in the evening. “We need the whole country to take to the streets tomorrow,” he said.

“We must make sure that that ill-fated session doesn’t happen tomorrow,” added the 42-year-old leader of the opposition Civil Contract party.

Pashinian spoke just three hours after scores of protesters clashed with riot police while trying to approach the parliament. The police used batons and stun grenades to push back the crowd led by him.

The protesters marched towards the parliament building after managing to shut down traffic in most of the city center. Pashinian said the unprecedented disruption marked a “breakthrough” in Civil Contract’s campaign against Sarkisian’s continued rule which he claims would lead to Armenia’s “Azerbaijanization,” a reference to the long authoritarian rule of Azerbaijan’s current and former presidents.

Pashinian said the closure of the streets leading to the parliament should start already before midnight.

American Corners in Armenia hold Reading Marathon

Media Max, Armenia
American Corners in Armenia hold Reading Marathon

Today the Reading Marathon featured U.S. Ambassador to Armenia Richard Mills and other U.S. diplomats, each reader taking turns to read for five minutes English or Armenian excerpts from “A Wrinkle in Time,” a classic piece of U.S. fiction by author Madeleine L’Engle.

“Libraries are the heart of societies. We gather in them, they are our community homes. The stories we find on the shelves in libraries open our eyes to other viewpoints and ways of thinking. And today, the technology that exists in libraries connects us to others around the globe and gives us tools to build our own futures,” Ambassador Mills said.
 
The U.S. Embassy in Yerevan sponsored an Armenian translation of the book, which was recently published by Antares Publishing House. The book will be distributed for free by the Embassy to libraries and schools throughout Armenia.

I Poeti armeni uccisi dal genocidio, vivi nella fede e nella poesia

ACI Stampa, Italia
8 aprile 2018


I Poeti armeni uccisi dal genocidio, vivi nella fede e nella poesia




Di Caterina Maniaci

Sono nati intorno agli anni '60-'80 dell'Ottocento. Anni diversi, in luoghi diversi,  con vite e destini diversi: chi proviene da famiglie agiate, che hanno permesso loro di studiare e viaggiare. Chi invece da famiglie modeste, che non avrebbero potuto permettere un'educazione approfondita per i propri figli, che hanno avuto la fortuna di incontrare sacerdoti e benefattori che li hanno aiutati. Alcune cose però li accomunano: sono armeni e sono poeti, scrittori, giornalisti, insegnanti, avvocati. Intellettuali. E se le loro date di nascita sono diverse, la loro data di morte è quasi la stessa, atrocemente in comune: sono morti tutti nel 1915.

 

Questo è l'anno del genocidio armeno, durante il quale almeno un milione di persone sono state deportate e poi brutalmente uccise per volontà del regime turco. I loro nomi sono Daniel Varujan,  Siamanto', Rupen Sevag, , padre Garabed der Sahaghian,  Harutiunian,  Hrant,  Yerukhan,  Rupen Zartarian,  Ciogurian,  Tlgadintzi,  Parseghian.  Nomi che, purtroppo,  sono quasi del tutto sconosciuti alla maggior parte dei lettori italiani, ma che rappresentano il cuore della grande, appassionata cultura armena, che in particolare nella poesia ha raggiunto i suoi esiti più alti. 

 

Per far risuonare ancora quelle voci soffocate nel sangue, per far vibrare il limpido ritmo di quel canto interrotto,  è stata pubblicata una ricca antologia. Si intitola "Benedici questa corona di spighe. ..", edita da Ares, è stata curata dalla Congregazione Armena Mecharista, con la collaborazione di Antonia Arslan, la scrittrice che forse più di chiunque altro, in questi ultimi anni, ha contribuito a far conoscere la verità della tragedia del popolo armeno, a partire dal suo bellissimo e commovente romanzo "La masseria delle allodole".

 

Ricorda la Arslan, nel suo Invito alla lettura dell'antologia,  che "come una folgore improvvisa", come "un terremoto inaspettato che apre voragini e scuote ogni cosa", è giunta quella fatidica notte del 24 aprile 1915, quando furono arrestati uno dopo l'altro a Costantinopoli i principali esponenti della comunità armena che si era costituita nell'impero ottomano. "Le ombre degli scrittori assassinati sono riemerse un poco alla volta", spiega la scrittrice, "sono diventati personaggi reali, protagonisti del racconto infinito di quella tragedia incombente che venne realizzata giorno dopo giorno,  con l'astuzia di tenere i prigionieri all'oscuro del loro destino". 

 

I loro versi e le pagine dei  romanzi e racconti rievocano, tra il dolore  e la sofferenza generati da un destino di oppressione e di violenza – i massacri di armeni non sono certo iniziati  nel 1915 –  un mondo straordinario spazzato via: quello dei villaggi di campagna e di montagna, delle piccole città e dei quartieri dell'antica Costantinopoli in cui gli armeni hanno vissuto creando bellezza e cultura, attraverso la forza fondante della fede cristiana,  della prima nazione cristiana della storia.

 

Nei versi di Varujan ( il più noto di questi letterati nel nostro Paese, grazie alle bellissime traduzioni curate dalla Arslan),  di Sevag, di padre Garabed e di Hrant, di tutti coloro di cui oggi possiamo rileggere la parole, rivediamo i  contadini felici nella loro terra, anche quando diventa arida e crudele, ascoltiamo  il loro canto d'amore elevato a Dio, lo sguardo rivolto alle pietre delle chiese antichissime e adorne di fiori e di spighe,  con la speranza è la forza della preghiera.

 

Un'eco della preghiera armena fatta canto e poesia ora potrà riecheggiare entro le mura vaticane. Il 5 aprile, infatti, è stata inaugurata una statua di San Gregorio di Narek nei giardini vaticani, con una  cerimonia solenne alla presenza di papa Francesco,  e con incontri con il presidente del l'Armenia , Serzh Sargsyan, del Catholicos di tutti gli armeni, Karekin II e il Catholicos di Cilicia,  Aram I. Un momento importante, all'insegna dell'ecumenismo, che lo stesso Pontefice ha definito "ecumenismo del sangue".

 

Con un senso tangibile: quella statua dedicata al grande santo, il monaco armeno vissuto nel X secolo, proclamato proprio da Papa Francesco dottore della Chiesa e considerato tale anche dalla Chiesa apostolica armena. Leggendo i poeti nell'antologia appena pubblicata la mente potrà vagare anche tra la pace  dei giardini all'ombra del Cupolone,  sotto lo sguardo gentile del grande Gregorio e di là volare  verso le valli incantate ai piedi del monte Ararat,  dove ogni cuore armeno vuole sempre tornare. E dove ogni cuore che anela all' infinito vorrebbe riposare.

Sports: Mkhitaryan will miss rest of season due to knee injury

News.am, Armenia
April 6 2018

Midfielder of the Armenian national football team and Arsenal Henrikh Mkhitaryan will miss the rest of the season due to the knee injury he received during Europa League quarter-finals match against CSKA Moscow on April 5, Mirror reported.

Arsenal will send the Armenia international for a further scan but it could put a question mark over whether he will play again this season if it is bad news.

Mkhitaryan could be out for up to six weeks depending on the scale of the damage and that a major blow for Arsenal’s run-in and Europa League campaign.

Earlier, Arsene Wenger hoped the Armenian would miss only the match against Southampton. “The scans show rehabilitation period will reach 6 weeks”, the source writes.

Arsenal-CSKA Moscow match ended 4-1. Mkhitaryan was substituted in the 61st minute as a result of the injury.

ACNIS reView #11, 2018: Involuntary discoveries of a blue-haired girl

Editorial


Involuntary discoveries of a blue-haired girl
30 MARCH 2018

In recent days, the incident with 19-year-old Asya Khachatryan, whose behavior and appearance does not meet the standards of Armenia and Artsakh, has become the main theme of social networks. Several subthemes were mixed in the discussions: Armenian-Karabakhi, dignity-tradition, permissiveness of the police, law and personal freedom, patriotism, discrimination on the basis of gender, etc. The problems accumulated over all these years immediately merged in one boiler and became the subject of discussion.

In legal jurisdictions, such events are called "cases" when any case of legal or public discourse is at the center of public debate, as a result of which society overestimates its worldview, formulates new value and legal relationships and approaches.

The officers of the provincial police are trying to call to order a blue-haired girl smoking on the street, the way they are used to: by beating, humiliation and street obscenities, not following legal procedures, as a result of which we’ve got we got: the "differentiation" of Karabakhi and Armenian, as well as a number of issues surfaced that had been waiting for their solutions for a long time: about the status of military service of the citizens of Armenia in Artsakh, the problem of the protection of Armenians in Artsakh, the status of the Artsakh people and, in general, the status of Artsakh, and etc. And here we are faced with a grave political lawlessness, which was recklessly laid in the foundation of the Republic of Armenia.

As a result of public pressure, the Supreme Council of Soviet Armenia adopted a joint resolution in 1989, in which Artsakh was recognized as a part of Armenia, and the people of Artsakh inherited Armenian citizenship and, during the 1990 elections, elected their deputies to the Armenian parliament. Here everything would be clear: in this case, Armenian soldiers would have served legally in Stepanakert, and the issue of violation of Asya's rights would have been solved in Stepanakert if she had applied to Stepanakert city court with a civil suit.

The beginning of Artsakh adventures of Asya was laid much earlier, even before her birth in 1991, when the country that declared independence in Armenia without a legal cancellation of the decision to unite Artsakh with Armenia and without Artsakh itself, held a referendum on independence and, actually, on international platforms officially recognized Artsakh as part of Azerbaijan. This was due to Armenia's desire to become a member of the CIS, as well as OSCE commitments ratified by the Armenian parliament, and the citizens of Armenia did not know about the content of these points. In fact, this was done by deception, without abolishing the previous decision of the Supreme Body.

It is not by accident that it was at that time – in 1991-1992, that the Armenian-Karabakh split first sounded in the statements of the Armenian political leaders.   In essence, this was done to create a moral environment with the aim of justifying the step to show that the "people of Karabakh" jeopardize Armenia, exposing it to hunger and turning it into enemies with Azerbaijan and Turkey.

Thus, the blow in the back of Artsakh by the leaders of "Mother Armenia" led to a reciprocal psychological division. The case of Asya Khachatryan turned into a catalyst for the accumulated mutual distrust that revealed more than a quarter century of injustice, behind which, of course, political interests of certain group were hidden.

Halo Trust vehicle explodes on landmine in Artsakh, three de-miners killed

Category
Artsakh

A vehicle belonging to Halo Trust, a de-mining organization, exploded on a landmine near the town of Martakert in Artsakh, killing three de-miners who were in the car, local emergency authorities reported.

“Three de-miners were killed in the explosion and two others suffered various degree injuries”, the emergency situations department of Martakert said.

12:01 – Survivors of the landmine explosion in Artsakh, 31 year old Garik Vahiryan and 44 year old Aram Mkrtchyan, are hospitalized.

The Republican Medical Center of Artsakh told ARMENPRESS Vahiryan is undergoing lower limb surgery, while Aram Mkrtchyan is under intensive care.

12:53 – HALO Trust has confirmed that three of its staff were killed and two injured , by the accidental detonation of an anti-tank landmine in the Gazanchi area in Martakert, Artsakh in the morning of March 29.

“The staff members were in a vehicle conducting survey duties at the time. The injured have been taken to hospital and HALO is contacting the families of those killed. There will be no further statement until the families have been informed”, HALO Trust said in a statement.

https://en.168.am/2018/03/29/23401.html

Armenia Annuls Zurich Protocols With Turkey, but Hopes for New Engagement

The Jamestown Foundation


Armenian President Serzh Sargsyan (Source: The California Courier)

On March 1, Armenia’s National Security Council officially scrapped the Zürich Protocols, signed with Turkey on October 10, 2009, under the internationally mediated normalization and reconciliation process also known as “soccer diplomacy” (1in.am, March 1). Covertly launched in mid-2007 but intensified and made public since September 2008, when then–Turkish President Abdullah Gül visited Yerevan, the Armenia-Turkey negotiations culminated in Zürich. There, Turkish and Armenian representatives adopted two-staged accords encompassing a “roadmap” for establishing bilateral diplomatic relations and for their consistent development.

Primarily initiated by the Armenian side, as President Serzh Sargsyan has repeatedly maintained (Securityconference.de, February 17), this process was designed to overcome the lack of diplomatic ties and closed-border policy Ankara imposed since 1993. Turkey has maintained this “passive belligerent” posture in solidarity with its strategic partner Azerbaijan, which has been locked in a confrontation with Armenia over the status of the breakaway region of Karabakh. Ankara routinely acknowledges the legitimate role of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe’s (OSCE) Minsk Group to preside over the Karabakh conflict resolution process. However, perhaps realizing that the way to establish itself as a credible stakeholder in the region is to re-establish formalized ties with Armenia, Turkey agreed to become involved in the diplomatic process encouraged by Yerevan. Ankara then perceived the Armenia-Turkey negotiations within a wider project labelled ‘Caucasus Stability and Cooperation Platform’ Turkey came up with at the height of Russo-Georgian conflict.

Despite initial enthusiasm, the Zürich Protocols were never ratified, because of new preconditions that Turkish authorities—allegedly under pressure from Azerbaijan (see EDM, April 27, 2010)—imposed almost immediately after their signing. The preconditions stated that no progress in the Armenian-Turkish political dialogue is possible until a breakthrough is reached in Armenian-Azerbaijani negotiations.

Following almost ten years of no progress, President Sargsyan has finally approved a decree terminating the procedure to ratify the Zürich Protocols and withdrawing these documents from Armenia’s parliamentary agenda (Armenpress, March 1). Commenting on the presidential decision, Armenian Foreign Minister Eduard Nalbandian declared that “the documents cannot be held hostage forever” and called on Ankara to respect the concept of pacta sunt servanda (“agreements must be kept”)—a core principle of international relations (NewsArmenia, March 2). Nalbandian added that Turkey’s protracted ratification process, combined with its post-signature preconditions, “is indicative of Ankara’s reluctance to normalize” its chronically strained ties with Yerevan.

The response from Ankara has been rather muted. Turkish officials expressed regret at Sargsyan’s decision to nullify the bilateral agreements. They have declared that the Protocols were still on the Turkish parliamentary agenda but noted that the preconditions to ratification remained in place. In particular, upon visiting Baku, Turkey’s Deputy Foreign Minister Ahmet Yıldız reiterated Foreign Minister Mevlüt Çavuşoğlu’s insights from December 2017 that the Armenian-Turkish normalization process is linked to the one between Armenia and Azerbaijan (Apa.az, March 16).

The idea to scrap the long-pending accords was a focus for the Armenian political elite and broader society for years. Specifically, Yerevan contended that Turkey’s imposed demands “not only had nothing to do with the letter and spirit of the [Zürich] protocols,” but in fact contradicted them (Armenpress, March 1). The Armenian president raised this issue on several occasions in recent years, foreshadowing his upcoming move to annul the accords with Turkey. Speaking in front of the United Nations General Assembly, on September 19, 2017, Sargsyan touched upon Armenia and Turkey’s unresolved hostility, noting that “Armenia will declare those two [Zürich] Protocols null and void since they continuously lacked any positive progress towards their implementation” (President.am, September 19, 2017)

For Turkey, the continued insistence on “preconditions” prior to ratifying the Protocols not only underscores the country’s lasting political solidarity with its strategic partner—Azerbaijan—but additionally seeks to prompt Armenia into seeking a settlement of the Karabakh issue. Whereas for Armenia, such Turkish behavior is seen as an attempt to leveraging the Protocols issue to exert pressure on Yerevan over the latter’s negotiations with Baku. In this context, Armenian foreign ministry spokesperson Tigran Balayan told this author that the Karabakh issue is a completely separate process with its own negotiation format that enjoys the support of the international community. Therefore, “the best investment that Turkey might make to advance the [Karabakh] settlement process is to stay as far away from it as possible” (Author’s interview, March 16).

On the other hand, Turkey’s rigid approach may not be designed to mollify Azerbaijan but rather to convey to Armenia Ankara’s genuine apprehension about foreign powers instrumentalizing the demands of the Armenian Diaspora in order to put pressure on Turkey—implicitly disputing that this issue is of any genuine concern for Armenia itself. This argument was indirectly substantiated by Recep Tayyip Erdoğan’s claim in 2009 that Armenia is still too dependent on the will of its diaspora. Similarly, at this year’s Munich Security Conference, on February 17, President Sargsyan openly rejected the narrative that Turkey is refusing to normalize relations with Armenia because of political pressure from Azerbaijan. Rather, the real reason, the Armenian president argued, has been the “lack of political will amongst the Turkish leadership” (Securityconference.de, March 17).

It is important to point out that the termination of the Zürich Protocols proceedings in Yerevan by no means implies that Armenia has given up on trying to re-establish diplomatic relations with Turkey or to advance bilateral ties. To the contrary, the leadership repeatedly made clear that Yerevan is ready to embrace new opportunities for normalizing the bilateral relationship. Speaking at the Munich Security Conference, Sargsyan elaborated on this further stating, “If Turkey desires to await other circumstances and only then to ratify the Protocols, then it is profoundly mistaken.” He concluded by stressing that, under potential new circumstances, “new documents would need to be negotiated” (Securityconference.de, March 17).

The tensions surrounding the Armenian-Turkish relationship have remained unresolved for over two decades, and have a clear impact on European security. Indeed, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) has long been concerned by this crisis (YouTube, June 16, 2016), which exists on one of the Alliance’s strategic peripheries. Interestingly, it is rarely acknowledged that NATO is the only international institution in which both Turkey and Armenia—despite their different membership status—are technically formal partners. In fact, Turkey approves Armenia’s continued participation under the Individual Partnership Action Plan (IPAP) and Partnership for Peace (PfP) at the North Atlantic Council. Whereas, the Armenian military periodically participates in NATO-sponsored military drills alongside Turkish troops. Arguably, compared to other international platforms, NATO may in fact be most capable of resolving the Armenian-Turkish dispute.


Art: How Armenians Helped Develop Photography in the Ottoman Empire and Beyond

HyperAllergic

Armenian photographers played a prominent role in the early development and spread of photography throughout the Ottoman Empire and the Middle East.