Armenian ombudsman applies to European organizations’ heads over illegitimacy of border demarcation process

Panorama, Armenia
Jan 22 2021

Armenia’s Human Rights Defender (Ombudsman) Arman Tatoyan on Friday applied to heads of a number of European organizations over the illegitimacy of the process of determining Armenia's state borders and gross human rights violations, he said in a statement. The full text of Tatoyan’s statement is below.

"Today I addressed the OSCE Chairperson-in-Office, the UN and the CoE Secretary Generals, the UN and the CoE Commissioners for Human Rights, the PACE and the OSCE PA Presidents, the ECHR President, the PACE Co-Rapporteurs on Azerbaijan and Armenia, as well as other partners, including several ombudspersons and their associations with questions on the illegitimacy of the process of determining Armenia's state borders and gross human rights violations.

The letters state that the process of determining Armenia's borders with Azerbaijan is being carried out by Azerbaijan under open threats of war against the entire population of Armenia. The President of Azerbaijan speaks about the Armenian people worldwide and the population of Armenia in the language of ethnic cleansing and open threats of genocide, as does the President of Turkey. Following the example of the President of Azerbaijan, in general, public figures openly insult the dignity of the Armenian people and incite hostility on the basis of ethnicity (specific evidence is attached).

As a result, the border demarcation process in specific settlements of Syunik and Gegharkunik regions of Armenia has already led to gross violations of internationally recognized human socio-economic [property, etc.] rights and seriously endangered people's rights to life and physical immunity. The best interests of children to live and develop in a peaceful, non-violent environment have been violated. The security of the state borders of the Republic of Armenia has been endangered.

In other words, the process is unaccompanied by the requirements of the rule of law and as thus, it has absolutely no legitimacy.

Therefore, it should be stopped immediately and be subject to a fundamental review.

The letters of the Human Rights Defender of Armenia emphasize that internationally absolutely unacceptable mechanical approaches are the only methods being used in the process of determining the borders, including the use of a GPS or Google Map application of a private company. No internationally recognized criteria are taken into account.

There are no professional approaches at all, no commission work is carried out, no preliminary inventory and assessment of people's needs is carried out, and there are no proper legal bases.

In the immediate vicinity of the civilians of Armenia or in the settlements themselves [For example, in the large communities of Goris and Kapan, Syunik region, on interstate or intercommunity roads, or directly on the sidewalk, directly in the settlement], Azerbaijani soldiers, i.e. armed men, were deployed.

The tripartite declaration of November 9, 2020 or any other document does not set an accessible and predictable schedule for the people on the process of determining the state borders of the Republic of Armenia.

Due to all of this, the impermissible speed of the border demarcation process and especially the lack of proper information directly related to the rights of border residents has led to uncertainty and unpredictable situations.

The ombudsman's letters state that any human rights process must be based on the rule of law and, consequently, on internationally recognized human rights [which are also guaranteed by the Constitution within our country]. This is a fundamental principle of democracy.

It is obvious that in the current situation, the entire process of determining the borders of the Republic of Armenia as described above undermines the foundations of the international human rights system, and completely contradicts the very basic principles for which modern international law has been established since World War Two: to guarantee human rights and peace.

Individually signed letters are sent to each of the international organizations and colleagues, in accordance with the jurisdiction vested in each recipient, with each correspondence supported by detailed analysis."

Armenian Oriental studies expert: There is still a big threat of war in the region

News.am, Armenia
Jan 19 2021
  

There is still a big threat of war in the region, and Armenia needs to get ready for that war. This is what Head of the Department of Iranian Studies at Yerevan State University Vardan Voskanyan told reporters today.

According to him, this is linked to the fact that the participants of the Nagorno-Karabakh war aren’t satisfied with the outcomes, and this first and foremost concerns Turkey, which failed to have its presence as a peacekeeper, and now it is trying to ensure its military presence in Ganja.

“Besides that, from the military perspective, Russia strengthened its positions in Azerbaijan (if we take into consideration the fact that Baku considers Nagorno-Karabakh its own). Amid this, Ankara and Baku are planning to hold military exercises in Kars, which is not far from the Russian 102nd Military Base in Armenia. Israel, which de facto participated in the war as well, didn’t get what it wanted,” the analyst stated.


Armenian ex-ambassador: Parliament speaker is an agent of the Turkish special services

News.am, Armenia
Jan 15 2021
  

Armenian parliament's speakert, Ararat Mirzoyan, is an agent of the Turkish special services, gormer Armenian Ambassador to the Vatican Mikayel Minasyan said in his video message.

Minasyan commented on the construction of the Museum-Institute of the Armenian Genocide and the Tsitsernakaberd memorial complex, noting that if Armenia made efforts towards the recognition of the Genocide, then the enemy state should have made the opposite efforts.

“The Turkish special services have begun to work in this direction," he noted.

As proof of what was said, Minasyan presented a handwritten letter from Ararat Mirzoyan written in 2007.

RFE/RL Armenian Report – 01/06/2021

                                        Wednesday, 

Pashinian, Entourage Shun Armenian Christmas Mass

        • Robert Zargarian

Armenia -- Catholicos Garegin II (C) leads a Christmas Mass at Saint Gregory the 
Illuminator’s Cathedral in Yerevan, January 6, 2021.

Prime Minister Nikol Pashinian declined to attend on Wednesday a Christmas mass 
celebrated by Catholicos Garegin II, the supreme head of the Armenian Apostolic 
Church increasingly at loggerheads with Armenia’s government.

Parliament speaker Ararat Mirzoyan and other key members of Pashinian’s 
political team were also conspicuously absent. Prosecutor-General Artur Davtian 
was the only senior state official present at the liturgy held at Saint Gregory 
the Illuminator’s Cathedral in Yerevan.

Pashinian congratulated Armenians on Christmas, marked by their ancient church 
on January 6, with an excerpt from the Gospel posted on his Facebook page. His 
spokeswoman, Mane Gevorgian, said later in the morning that he did not go to the 
mass because of the coronavirus pandemic.

“Due to the pandemic situation, the prime minister is self-isolated,” Gevorgian 
told the Armenpress news agency. She did not specify whether Pashinian has taken 
a coronavirus test.

Pashinian already went into self-isolation in June after announcing that he and 
members of his family have tested positive for COVID-19. He claimed to have 
recovered from the disease a week later.


Armenia -- Prime Minister Nikol Pashinian kisses a cross held by Catholicos 
Garegin II during an Easter Mass at Yerevan's St. Gregory the Illuminator 
Cathedral, April 21, 2019.

A group of Armenian opposition supporters warned on Tuesday that they will try 
to bar Pashinian from entering the Yerevan cathedral if he decides to attend the 
Christmas mass.

Virtually all major opposition groups blame Pashinian for Armenia’s defeat in 
the autumn war in Nagorno-Karabakh and want him to resign and hand over power to 
an interim government that would hold fresh parliamentary elections within a 
year.

Garegin and other senior clergymen in Armenia and its worldwide Diaspora have 
publicly backed the opposition demands rejected by Pashinian. Some Armenian 
Apostolic Church priests demonstratively attended recent anti-government rallies 
in Yerevan.

Another priest based in the southeastern town of Sisian publicly refused to 
shake Pashinian’s hand when the prime minister visited a local church last 
month. Garegin’s office pointedly declined to criticize the priest’s behavior 
condemned by Pashinian’s supporters.


Armenia -- Worshippers attend a Christmas Mass at Saint Gregory the 
Illuminator’s Cathedral in Yerevan, January 6, 2021.

Garegin mentioned the Karabakh war and its “disastrous consequences” in a homily 
read out during Wednesday’s church service attended by hundreds of believers. He 
lamented “destructive mistakes” which he said were made before the six-week 
hostilities.

“Necessary vigilance was not shown in the face of the threats of an unstable 
peace and war, the interests of the homeland and the people were subordinated to 
individual aspirations and goals. God-rejecting spirit and alien ideologies and 
habits permeated our society,” he said.

“Let us stand strong in the face of the lethal test for our nation and people 
with hope and faith, girded with the life-giving power of the Lord. Let us gain 
strength to rise from disasters, to dispel this heavy darkness that is forced 
upon us with heavenly support, and to illumine the new horizons of our lives,” 
added the Catholicos.


Reprinted on ANN/Armenian News with permission from RFE/RL
Copyright (c) 2021 Radio Free Europe / Radio Liberty, Inc.
1201 Connecticut Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20036.

 


Turkey will Convert Armenian Church into Cultural Center

Dec 30 2020

12/30/2020 Turkey (International Christian Concern) – Agos reports that Turkey has decided to turn Konya’s Holy Trinity Armenian Church into a cultural center. Turkey has finished restoring it to a cost of 3.5 million TL but it is not clear when the church will reopen in its new capacity.

The 1915 genocide nearly eliminated the Armenian Christian population from Turkey. Since then, Turkey has taken control over most of the abandoned churches and other Armenian cultural sites. Turkey does not acknowledge the genocide, and has not made any attempts to restore these churches back to their original Christian community. Instead, Turkey either converts these churches into mosques or restores their buildings into faith tourism sites. When pursuing the later option, Turkey uses it as an example to the international arena about how they care for religious freedom. However, it is a point which confuses religious freedom with faith tourism. The state reaps the monetary rewards of having churches restored into cultural sites and museums. Any remaining Christian community is forced to petition the state for access to these sites for worship purposes.

For more information, see ICC’s joint report: Turkey – Challenges Facing Christians 2016-2020.

https://www.persecution.org/2020/12/30/turkey-will-convert-armenian-church-cultural-center/

Hrant Dink Murder Case Continues

Dec 23 2020

12/20/2020 Turkey (International Christian Concern) –  The attorney for Hrant Dink’s family, Hakan Bakırcıoğlu, appeared to express frustration following Thursday’s court case at Istanbul’s 14th Heavy Penal Court. He stated that the court gave insufficient time for statements of the defense.

This was the 113th hearing in a lawsuit filed against public officials regarding the assassination of Agos Newspaper’s Editor-in-Chief Hrant Dink in 2007. Dink was an Armenian who spoke out regarding the genocide. It is widely believed that his assassination was done with the knowledge and implicit approval of Turkish authorities. Since then, there have been multiple court proceedings in an attempt to gain justice following his murder. The nature of how these proceedings have progressed seem to give credence to the idea that there was some type of government knowledge or possibly involvement of Dink’s assassination before the event occurred.


Russian rescuers deliver all humanitarian aid to recepients in Karabakh

TASS, Russia
Dec 26 2020
The last batch of the humanitarian delivery was taken to the Martuni and Martakert districts

MOSCOW, December 26. /TASS/. All humanitarian cargo, delivered from Russia to Nagorno-Karabakh, has been taken to distribution centers in the unrecognized republic, the Russian Emergencies Ministry’s press service told TASS on Saturday.

"The humanitarian aid that had arrived by rail has been completely allocated among regions of Nagorno-Karabakh. The cargo was delivered <…> to distribution points and is already being actively used for restoring houses and social facilities," the press service said.

The last batch of the humanitarian delivery, taken to the Martuni and Martakert districts, comprises about 5,000 square meters of glass and almost 70 tons of corrugated sheet metal for reconstruction works.

Overall, the humanitarian delivery to Nagorno-Karabakh included 20 mobile diesel generators, six UAZ vehicles, eight fire tankers and one truck-mounted crane. Construction materials were also sent to the conflict-hit region, such as over 22,000 square meters of glass, about 1,000 cubic meters of wood, chipboard and plywood, as well as 13,000 square meters of corrugated sheet metal.

Besides, the humanitarian cargo sent to Nagorno-Karabakh also includes over 34,600 blankets, 1,800 mattresses, 1,900 pillows, 3,200 bedding sets, 940 sets of furniture, 4,000 beds and 500 stoves.

Renewed clashes between Azerbaijan and Armenia erupted on September 27, with intense battles raging in the disputed region of Nagorno-Karabakh. Baku and Yerevan have disputed sovereignty over Nagorno-Karabakh since February 1988, when the region announced its secession from the Azerbaijani Soviet Socialist Republic. In the armed conflict of 1992-1994, Azerbaijan lost control of Nagorno-Karabakh and seven adjoining districts.

On November 9, Russian President Vladimir Putin, Azerbaijani President Ilham Aliyev and Armenian Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan signed a joint statement on a complete ceasefire in Nagorno-Karabakh starting from November 10. Under the document, the Azerbaijani and Armenian sides stopped at the positions that they had held, and Russian peacekeepers were deployed to the region.

Only one ceasefire violation has been recorded since then. Thousands of refugees, who had to flee amid intense fighting, already returned to their homes with the help of peacekeepers.

The California Courier Online, December 24, 2020

1 -        Armenians Haven’t Had a Competent Leader

            Since Catholicos Khrimian Hyrig

            By Harut Sassounian

            Publisher, The California Courier

            www.TheCaliforniaCourier.com

2-         Mourners Call for Pashinyan’s Resignation During Visit to Yerablur

3 -        Armenia continues to fight COVID-19 pandemic

4-         Aliyev Praises Putin for Saying ‘Karabakh is Azerbaijan’;

            Declares Conflict ‘History’

5-         FDA approves Moderna COVID-19 vaccine

*****************************************

******************************************

1 -        Armenians Haven’t Had a Competent Leader

            Since Catholicos Khrimian Hyrig

            By Harut Sassounian

            Publisher, The California Courier

            www.TheCaliforniaCourier.com

Khrimian Hyrig is a highly revered clergyman. But, he is also a great
leader who has given wonderful political advice to the Armenian
nation.

His Holiness was born in Van, Western Armenia, in 1820 and became the
Patriarch of Constantinople in 1869. Due to his nationalistic views,
he was forced to resign by the Ottoman government in 1873. He was then
installed as Catholicos of All Armenians in Etchmiadzin in 1893 and
died in 1907.

Khrimian Hyrig is well-known for his participation in the Berlin
Congress in 1878, hoping to receive from the great powers a decision
to force the Ottoman Empire to establish substantial reforms in the
Armenian provinces. He did not accomplish his objective because
Armenians were powerless. He likened the failed Armenian efforts in
the Berlin Congress to his attempt to eat from a bowl with a “paper
ladle,” while other nations had an “iron ladle.”

The highly nationalistic Khrimian Hyrig exhorted his fellow Armenians
to arm themselves: “People of Armenia, of course you understand well
what the gun could have done and can do. And so, dear and blessed
Armenians, when you return to the Fatherland, to your relatives and
friends, take weapons, take weapons and again weapons. People, above
all, place the hope of your liberation on yourself. Use your brain and
your fist! Man must work for himself in order to be saved.”

Khrimian Hyrig’s wise words are just as valid today, particularly
after the latest disastrous defeat Armenians suffered at the hands of
better armed Azerbaijan and Turkey.

A recently surfaced letter by Khrimian Hyrig, written over a century
ago, is as applicable today as it was back then. It is headlined: “If
You Have an Independent State in the Future, Do Everything You Can to
Never, Ever Lose Your Independence.”

Here is Khrimian Hyrig’s meaningful counsel which I have translated
into English:

In the future, I hope you already have an independent state and you
have realized our centuries-old dream. If so, you are now living in
someone’s dream come true; in the dream of millions. I hope you
realize the power of luck that has befallen you.

I would like to know what that dream is like in reality, but since I
cannot see it with my own eyes, let me express my remarks with this
letter. If you read these lines, I will become a part of your present
and my future.

When I went to the Berlin Congress to raise the rights of our people
around the world, only then did I realize that we must first have the
right to have a right. That right is acquired with weapons.

You’ve probably heard of the “iron ladle”. The civilized nations of
Europe, which seemed to us to be law-abiding and fair, gave us nothing
but pity. Russia, which seemed to be a great friend of our people,
other than sympathy, sees and hears nothing but its own interests.

The Armenian people seemed to be like a hungry child outdoors in the
frosty winter, before whom everyone closed the doors of their homes.
The Armenian people were without a care-taker, but the most important
thing I understood was that we should not look for care-takers from
abroad. There, in the future, I am sure, you will not look for foreign
care-takers and you will not pin your hopes on Europeans, Russians or
other states.

If you have an independent state, your only care-taker must be your
own government. I hope the government will not leave you abandoned,
but if it abandons you, what is the point of your independence?

The greatest misfortune of the people is that its own leaders treat
them in the same way as the foreigners. We lived under the yoke of
foreigners for centuries. They treated us cruelly and unfairly. We
sought justice and did not find it. If you have an independent state,
I hope there is justice there.

The Turks treated Armenians very unfairly. Can an Armenian treat
another Armenian the same way? Here, in the past, one of the greatest
tragedies of our people is its ignorance. How can an uneducated people
find their place in this cunning world? The Turkish authorities will
not allow this, as they see their danger in the education of our
people. The greater the education of the people, the more restrained
the government will be.

 I devoted my whole life to spreading enlightenment in the Armenian
provinces, but alone I could not do much. If you have a state, educate
our people, spread enlightenment in the provinces. The uneducated
people choose uneducated masters who oppress them and one day the
uneducated people are obliged to choose foreign masters.

 At a time when ordinary people are living in the provinces under the
heavy burden of the situation, wealthy Armenians in Istanbul are
living in sheer luxury. They are indifferent to the situation of the
people, as if they were foreigners. The Turkish authorities even ally
with them to keep the people obedient. I hope that the rich in your
country are not so arrogant and are not allied with the bad government
against the people.

 In 1876, when the Ottoman Constitution was adopted, the hope for
salvation awoke in us. We thought that the five-hundred-year-old,
infertile and old mother Turkey brought forth to the old world a new,
young constitution, but our hopes were dashed and time showed that
they were beautiful letters written on paper, while the people
continued to suffer. There, in the future, perhaps you also have a
beautiful constitution and laws. I want your laws not to remain on
paper like the Ottoman constitution.

 And finally, I want to give you a message. Have ambassadors who
properly voice the demands of the people to the world, and the clergy
will not engage in diplomacy, leaving aside their flock. Have leaders
who love the people, because the Armenian people have suffered a lot
from the hatred of foreign leaders. And never seek foreign
care-takers. And if you have in the future an independent state, do
everything you can to never, ever lose your independence again.

These wise words are an excellent advice to every leader of Armenia
and to the Armenian people worldwide. They are as appropriate today as
they were back then when Armenia was not an independent country. Not a
single person should aspire to lead Armenia without heeding Khrimian
Hyrig’s prudent counsel. Armenia has numerous problems. But the two
most important problems are:

1) Armenia needs to develop a powerful military to fend for itself
without relying on other countries. A weak nation is always subject to
the dictates of more powerful ones, as we witnessed in the recent
Artsakh War. If you are weak, you have no rights and no one cares to
come to your rescue. Unless Armenia becomes more powerful militarily
and economically, it will always be subjugated, particularly since we
are surrounded by vicious enemies who constantly plot our destruction.

2) The next important requirement for our nation is to have a
competent leader, something we rarely had throughout our long history,
and we do not have it today!

************************************************************************************************************************************************

2-         Mourners Call for Pashinyan’s Resignation During Visit to Yerablur

(Combined Sources)—Thousands of Armenians marched through the capital
Yerevan on Saturday, December 19 to commemorate the soldiers killed in
a six-week war waged by Turkey-backed Azerbaijan against Artsakh.

Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan led the march, held on the first of
three days of mourning, driving up to the Yerablur military cemetery
to light incense on the graves of fallen soldiers along with other
senior officials.

Pashinyan was escorted into Yerablur under the protection of hundreds
of federal and military police, as well as special agents of the
National Security Service.

The cemetery was filled to its brink. Opponents and supporters of
Pashinyan clashed as he attempted to enter the cemetery.

Footage published on Armenian television showed supporters chanting,
“Nikol Varchabed!” and Pashinyan’s critics shouting “Nikol is a
traitor!” as his convoy passed, escorted by heavy security. Police
dispersed the protesters to clear the way for Pashinyan—one protester,
Shant Charshafjian, said he was kicked by a bodyguard—and his security
guards covered him with shields and umbrellas as protesters attempted
to pelt him with eggs.

The opposition has accused Pashinyan of mishandling the conflict by
accepting a Russian-brokered ceasefire last month, and has been
demanding his resignation. Armenia’s opposition has called on its
supporters to join a national strike on December 22, at the end of the
three-day mourning period, to pressure Pashinyan to resign.

Pashinyan, who swept to power in the Velvet Revolution of May 2018,
has rejected calls to resign.

“The entire nation has been through and is going through a nightmare,”
Pashinyan said in a video address before the memorial march.
“Sometimes it seems that all of our dreams have been dashed and our
optimism destroyed.”

Later in the day, about 20,000 opposition supporters marched across
Yerevan for a memorial church service for the victims.

“Today, in essence, he desecrated Yerablur. He again has put the
country into shock for his power, for his seat. It is already clear
for all that, for this person, his seat is more precious than our
homeland—his seat for him is more precious than the domestic stability
and solidarity in our country,” said Armenian Revolutionary Federation
(ARF) Supreme Body Representative Ishkhan Saghatelyan.

The opposition also gathered at Yerablur on the night of Friday, December 18.

The 16-group opposition includes the ARF, the former ruling Republican
Party, Hayrenik (Homeland) Party, as well as parliamentary opposition
parties, Bright Armenia and Prosperous Armenia.

Saghatelyan stressed the necessity to remove Pashinyan for saving the homeland.

“It is necessary to stop the fall of our country, prevent the
destruction of the state institutions, defend the country’s borders
and security, prevent the social-economic collapse and the
humanitarian disaster the country will face,” he said.

************************************************************************************************************************************************

3 -        Armenia continues to fight COVID-19 pandemic

The Armenian government has commissioned 600,000 doses of coronavirus
vaccines from World Health Organization-backed COVAX; medical and
social workers, seniors and people suffering from chronic diseases
will be the first to get vaccine shots free of charge, and according
to Gayane Sahakian, the deputy director of the National Center for
Disease Control and Prevention,

COVAX is a global partnership which aims to finance COVID-19 vaccines
to be distributed fairly to more than 180 countries that have joined
it. The Armenian government’s supply contract with COVAX is worth $6
million. The first vaccine which COVAX will make available to the
participating countries is the one produced by the British company
AstraZeneca. It is expected that the manufacturer will deliver it to
COVAX in February or March.

They will be enough to vaccinate 300,000 people (roughly 10 percent of
Armenia’s population). According to the Ministry of Health, there were
18,233 active coronavirus cases in Armenia as of December 21. Armenia
has recorded 154,065 coronavirus cases and 2,656  deaths; 133,176
have recovered.

**********************************************************************************************************************************************

4-         Aliyev Praises Putin for Saying ‘Karabakh is Azerbaijan’;

            Declares Conflict ‘History’

(Asbarez)—Azerbaijan’s President Ilham Aliyev on December 18 praised
his Russian counterpart, Vladimir Putin, for declaring that “Karabakh
is Azerbaijan.” Aliyev also hailed Putin’s earlier statement that the
Karabakh conflict is over and “part of history.”

He elaborated by saying that with his statements, Putin is cautioning
“foreign circles” aiming to derail the November 9 agreement, adding
that “saboteurs are dissatisfied with Russia’s leading role in the
ceasefire.”

During his annual press conference on Thursday, December 17, Putin
said, “from an international legal perspective, all these territories
are an integral part of the Republic of Azerbaijan.” He added that
Armenia, itself, hasn’t recognized Karabakh’s independence and—based
on international legal standpoint—Nagorno-Karabakh is also Azerbaijan.
The Russian leader also stressed that Karabakh’s status should not
change, saying the issue of its “definition” should be solved in the
future.

“I believe this is a very important statement. It is important for
those revanchist forces in Armenia, which are trying to revise the
conditions of the statement of November 9,” Aliyev said, according to
TASS, on December 18 when addressing a virtual conference of CIS
leaders.

“Unfortunately, there are such forces, and this is a very important
signal to those who are trying to prevent the implementation of that
statement. We saw such attempts both during the war and after the
statement was signed,” Aliyev emphasized.

According to the Azerbaijani president, some “foreign circles” that
are dissatisfied with Russia’s leading role in the ceasefire would
similarly like to revise the terms of the deal.

“They tried to muddy the waters in every possible way, and,
unfortunately, they are pushing ahead with their attempts. This is
especially true of the situation in Armenia. [They are seeking] to use
certain levers, various infrastructure that has been created in
Armenia, including the Soros infrastructure, in order to incite unrest
in Armenian society and essentially to derail that statement,” Aliyev
said.

“I would like to once again thank Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin for
such active participation and [his] enormous contribution to the
resolution of this conflict,” he added.

“I also fully agree with Vladimir Putin that whenever we talk about
the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, we must talk about what happened in the
past. This is already history,” Aliyev said during his remarks.

According to Aliyev, the Armenian leadership’s steps and actions were
targeted at escalation of the situation. “As far as the Prime Minister
of Armenia is concerned, while he was in the occupied territories of
Azerbaijan in 2019, he declared that ‘Karabakh is Armenia, period.’
Thus, the Armenian leadership’s steps and actions were targeted at
escalation of the situation and were aimed at inciting the Azerbaijani
party’s response operations and hindering the negotiation process,”
Aliyev stressed.

PM Nikol Pashinyan did not attend the CIS meeting. His office said
that the CIS Council had been informed Pashinyan would be absent as
his father had passed away on December 17.

************************************************************************************************************************************************

5-         FDA approves Moderna COVID-19 vaccine

(Combined Sources)—On December 18, the FDA granted an emergency use
authorization to Moderna’s experimental COVID-19 vaccine.

It is the second vaccine to be made available to Americans during the
coronavirus pandemic — and the first-ever authorized product for the
10-year-old biotech.

The regulator on Tuesday, December 14 called mRNA-1273 “highly
effective” in a report published in advance of a FDA advisory
committee meeting scheduled for Thursday that will allow a group of
independent medical experts to discuss the risks and benefits of the
still investigational vaccine. This is the final regulatory step
before the FDA decides whether to authorize the vaccine.

Moderna has said its coronavirus vaccine candidate has an efficacy
rate of about 94%, based on data from clinical trials.

Unlike Pfizer Inc., Moderna has never had one of its investigational
products make it as far along in the regulatory process as it has with
mRNA-1273.

The focus of the company’s research and development pipeline is the
same mRNA, or messenger ribonucleuc acid, technology it is using for
the COVID-19 vaccine. It’s been testing mRNA vaccines for cancers like
melanoma and solid tumors, other infectious diseases like Zika, and
some rare, inherited disorders like methylmalonic acidemia. None of
the experimental vaccines have made it through mid-stage clinical
trials except for its COVID-19 vaccine.

The FDA last week authorized the BioNTech/Pfizer vaccine one day after
the advisory committee voted 17-4-1 that the benefits of their vaccine
outweigh the risks. (The FDA isn’t required to follow the advice of
the committee but often does.) The “no” votes from four of the
independent medical experts on the committee were attributed to
concern about allowing the vaccine to be administered to teens who are
at least 16 years old.

The authorization made the BioNTech/Pfizer vaccine the first to be
authorized in the U.S. and marked the first time that regulatory
approval of any kind was granted to a mRNA product.

Because Moderna is seeking authorization for people who are at least
18 years old, some analysts expect a unanimous vote in favor of the
FDA authorizing mRNA-1273. “This should not be an issue for Moderna
given the trial and EUA request,” Raymond James analyst Steven
Seedhouse told investors on Wednesday.

Nearly 6 million doses of Moderna’s COVID-19 vaccine have been secured
for the United States now that the drug has the OK from the FDA,
health czar Alex Azar said Wednesday.

Azar also said another 2 million doses of Pfizer’s just-approved
vaccine have been allocated for next week.

“As of today, shipments of vaccine will have been delivered to every
delivery site identified by public health jurisdictions for our first
wave of shipments,” the Health and Human Services secretary said at an
Operation Warp Speed press conference.

“I hope that every American has been as heartened as so many of us at
HHS and DOD have been to see heroic health care workers and vulnerable
Americans getting vaccinated this week.”

The government has ordered a total of 200 million Moderna doses to
date, the company said last week, with about 20 million expected to be
delivered by the end of December. The remainder would come in the
first quarter of 2021.

Azar also cheered rising confidence among Americans that the COVID-19
vaccine is safe, citing a new poll from Kaiser Family Foundation that
71 percent will get vaccinated.

“Vaccine confidence is surging,” he said.

On November 14, Moderna’s co-founder Noubar Afeyan spoke to GZero
Media on the growing pushback against a COVID-19 vaccine. “In any
debate, if one side has to offer facts and the other side can offer
doubts and they’re considered of equal value, then the ones who offer
doubts will always have an advantage,” said Afeyan.

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Israel Needs a Caucasus Strategy

The Begin-Sadat Center for Strategic Studies
Dec 16 2020
By Dmitri ShufutinskyDecember 16, 2020


BESA Center Perspectives Paper No. 1,849, December 16, 2020

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY: Israel must maintain its deep historic relationship with Azerbaijan, but the Jewish people also have common bonds with Armenians. Jerusalem must seek a larger role in the region to broker peace and prevent Iran and Turkey from gaining a foothold in the area.

The recent clashes over the disputed Artsakh/Nagorno-Karabakh region in the southern Caucasus are threatening to start a new war between Armenia and Azerbaijan. Like many territorial disputes in Africa and the Middle East, this one began with colonial border-drawing and broken promises by the Soviet Empire, the product of Josef Stalin’s divide-and-conquer tactics. This has helped make Armenia dependent on Russia for military support, and some of Russia’s largest military bases are in that country.

Iran supports Yerevan as well (to a lesser extent) for three main reasons: concern over Azeri separatism at home, Iran’s sizeable Armenian community, and Turkish influence in the Caucasus. Meanwhile, Turkey is seeking to increase its own clout in Baku against its historic Armenian enemy while at the same time placing Sunni jihadists on the borders of its Russian and Iranian “frenemies.”

All of this bodes ill for Israel and presents the Jewish State with a difficult challenge. The Jews have shared experiences with the Armenians, but Israel’s relationship with Baku is important for Jerusalem’s regional security. There must, therefore, be a revamped and renewed Caucasus strategy for Israel going into the rest of the 21st century.

The Jewish and Armenian peoples have many commonalities. Both suffered genocidal assault in the 20th century because of their ethnicities and faiths. In 1915, at the height of WWI, Armenian Christians, along with their Assyrian and Greek coreligionists, were massacred in an act of genocide by the Muslim Ottoman Empire. During WWII, the Jews were victims of genocide inflicted by Nazi Germany. Berlin had a close historical relationship with Ankara, and was even inspired in part by the Ottoman-inflicted genocide to begin the Holocaust.

In addition to their common history of genocide and persecution, Jews and Armenians have also shared many of the same trades for the same reason: they were often restricted to trading or merchant-related jobs due to discrimination in European or Muslim-majority societies.

After long struggles, both peoples finally regained sovereignty over their indigenous homelands, and the conflict over Artsakh/Nagorno-Karabakh is somewhat reminiscent of Israel’s conflict with the Palestinians in the West Bank. According to international law, Armenia and Israel are occupying land reserved for Arab Palestinians and ethnic Azeris, respectively. But the lands in question were historically the core of both the Jewish and Armenian civilizations prior to ethnic cleansing campaigns, settlement by foreigners, and divide-and-conquer tactics by colonial powers. Negotiations have resulted in dead ends many times, and violent conflict over both disputed areas is a regular occurrence.

Sadly, history has barred the two nations from what should be a natural alliance. Armenia is cut off from most of the region and is dependent for trade and economic survival on Russia and Iran, two countries that are hardly friends of Israel. Similarly, due to the Arab-Israeli conflict and the “alliance of the periphery,” Israel has had a historic alliance with Turkey—Yerevan’s arch-nemesis—and refused to recognize the Armenian Genocide.

Yerevan’s relations with Iran and Jerusalem’s with Turkey have generated an atmosphere of mistrust between the two capitals. Armenia has consistently voted in favor of the Palestinians at the UN, and many Armenians in Arab countries have supported “resistance” against Israel even though Israel is home to an Armenian population.

With Azerbaijan as with Armenia, Jews have historically faced little antisemitism compared to the wider Middle East and the former Soviet Union. Israel has a large Azeri-Jewish population. Although Azerbaijan is a Shiite Muslim dictatorship, it is very secular and quite independent of Turkish foreign policy decisions despite their “brotherly ties.” It buys vast quantities of sophisticated weapons from Israel, which in turn receives most of its oil from the Caspian Sea nation.

Azerbaijan, like Israel, views Iran as a geostrategic rival, and reportedly has agreed to allow Israel to use its territory to carry out intelligence operations and even airstrikes against the Islamic Republic. Baku is concerned about Tehran’s expansionist plans, mistreatment of its Azeri minority, support for Armenia, and historical occupation of Azeri land. All of these are perfect reasons for a tight relationship between Baku and Jerusalem—so much so that the dictator of Azerbaijan often goes out of his way to praise the role of the country’s Jewish community in Azeri history. While Azerbaijan also votes in favor of the Palestinians in the UN, it does so more to maintain ties with other Muslim countries that might feel uncomfortable with its alliance with Israel than out of any sense of solidarity with Ramallah or Gaza City.

Changing realities in the region necessitate a new Israeli strategy for maintaining ties with Azerbaijan while expanding them with Armenia. It is important for Jerusalem to adopt a more balanced policy in the region, one that cultivates a deeper friendship with Armenia while not abandoning its Baku ally.

Turkey, it is safe to say, has gone from a friend to perhaps Israel’s most dangerously sophisticated geopolitical rival. It openly supports Hamas, crushes Israel’s Kurdish allies, and seeks to Islamize Azerbaijan by sending Syrian jihadists to fight Armenia on its behalf. Ankara has also encroached upon Israel’s economic gas interests in the Mediterranean. It is high time that Jerusalem abandon its apprehension about offending Ankara and recognize the Armenian Genocide.

Doing so could bring the recently appointed Armenian ambassador back to Tel Aviv, who was recalled due to Israeli arms sales to Azerbaijan during the recent round of violence. A distancing of the Ankara-Jerusalem relationship could also lead to a reciprocal draw-down in ties between Yerevan and Tehran.

Israel must also make the moral decision of whether or not to end arms sales to Baku. Now that it has peace with Bahrain and the UAE, it is not nearly as dependent on Azeri oil as it historically has been. Therefore, there is less significant danger of a reciprocal move should Israel halt arms sales, even if such a halt is limited only to rounds of conflict.

The other option is to sell weapons of equal quality and quantity to Armenia in order to create balance, deterrence, and a likelihood of ceasefire. If both countries have equally sophisticated weapons, it is less likely they would be willing to risk a devastating war that could end with no clear winner. If Israel ends up with better relations with both countries, it could play the role of peacemaker between the two sides in such a way that would mitigate or outright block Turkish and Iranian influence in the region. It could also empower Western allies, such as France and the US, in the region at the expense of Russia.

Jerusalem must not make excuses to abandon morals for strategy; nor must it be so unwise as to do the moral thing at the expense of its own security. It is possible to take a middle ground that would empower the influence of the Jewish State. Having good relations with both Armenia and Azerbaijan necessitates a more even-handed policy to the region.

Either Israel should suspend arms sales to Azerbaijan or it should supply them to Armenia as well to level the playing field. This would probably bring violence to an end and give peace talks a chance. At the same time, Israel must recognize the current Turkish threat and bring about closer relations with the Armenian people, with whom the Jews share many tragic experiences.

After all, Israel’s current Mediterranean allies of Cyprus and Greece were once much closer to the Palestinians and Arab countries, partly due to Israel’s close ties with their enemy, Turkey. The situation is drastically different today. If Jerusalem is to counter Ankara, it needs as many allies as it can get. And if Israel is to be a light unto the nations, it must set the gold standard when it comes to recognizing and remembering genocide.

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Dmitri Shufutinsky is a graduate of Arcadia University’s Masters program in International Peace & Conflict Resolution. He currently lives as a Lone Soldier in Kibbutz Erez, Israel, serving in the Givati Brigade under the Garin Tzabar program. 


Russian, Azerbaijani FMs discuss implementation of NK statement over phone

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YEREVAN, DECEMBER 12, ARMENPRESS. Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov and his Azerbaijani counterpart Jeyhun Bayramov held a telephone talk to discuss the implementation of a trilateral statement on Nagorno Karabakh, TASS reports citing the Russian Foreign Ministry.

“The sides discussed the essential issues of the international and bilateral agenda, including the practical tasks of implementing the statement by the leaders of Azerbaijan, Armenia and Russia on the Nagorno Karabakh settlement”, the ministry said in a statement, following the results of the foreign ministers’ phone talk.

On November 9, Russian President Vladimir Putin, Azerbaijani President Ilham Aliyev and Armenian Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan signed a joint statement on a complete ceasefire in Nagorno Karabakh starting from November 10.