Eastern Prelacy: Crossroads E-Newsletter – 04/15/2004

PRESS RELEASE
Eastern Prelacy of the Armenian Apostolic Church of America
138 East 39th Street
New York, NY 10016
Tel: 212-689-7810
Fax: 212-689-7168
e-mail: [email protected]
Website:
Contact: Iris Papazian

CROSSROADS E-NEWSLETTER – April 15, 2004

APRIL 24 COMMEMORATIONS
We are approaching April 24 and the various commemorations for the 89th
anniversary of the Armenian Genocide. Archbishop Oshagan will be attending
several commemorative events including the following:
On April 22, His Eminence has been invited to the New York City offices
of Governor Pataki, to receive the Proclamation issued by New York State.
On April 23, he will deliver the invocation at ceremonies in New York
City Hall, sponsored by the Armenian National Committee of New York and the
City of New York.
On April 24, His Eminence will be at St. Illuminator’s Cathedral in New
York City. V. Rev. Fr. Anoushavan Tanielian, Vicar of the Prelacy, will
celebrate the Divine Liturgy and deliver the Sermon. A requiem service for
the martyrs will take place at the Martyrs Altar.
On April 28, he will deliver the invocation at commemorative events on
Capitol Hill, Washington, DC, sponsored by the Armenian National Committee
of America.
Details of these and other events will be included in the next
E-Newsletter.

CATHOLICOS ARAM I IN NAIROBI & RWANDA
The following information is taken from a press release issued by the
Worldwide Faith News, on April 12, 2004.
The Moderator of the Geneva based World Council of Churches (WCC), His
Holiness Aram I, arrived in Nairobi Tuesday, April 13, to effectively place
Africa on the global agenda.
As a moderator who chairs the WCC Central Committee, the highest WCC
policy making organ after the WCC General Assembly, his official visits
attract global attention which includes the attention of some 400 million
Christians worldwide who form the congregational membership of WCC global
network of member churches.
He is the most prominent leader of the Church outside the Roman Catholic
Church. WCC is the broadest and most inclusive ecumenical organization. It
enjoys a membership of 320 churches from virtually all Christian traditions
in 120 countries in all continents. The Roman Catholic Church works
cooperatively with WCC although it is not a member Church.
His Holiness Aram I comes to strengthen the Church in Africa in its own
work of healing the wounds of the continent, noted Rev. Dr. H. Mvume
Dandala, the General Secretary of the All Africa Conference of Churches
adding that while the church plays leading roles in the endeavors of the
people of Africa, it needs unity in its thrust.
His Holiness travels to Rwanda on Friday, April 16, where he has been
invited to take part in commemorations of the 10th anniversary of the
Genocide in Rwanda.

JEOPARDY TOURNAMENT CHAMPIONSHIP
WILL TAKE PLACE MAY 22
The Armenian Jeopardy Tournament Championship game will take place on
May 22, not May 23 as previously reported, at St. Gregory Church in
Philadelphia. The Mid-Atlantic tournament took place in Ridgefield, New
Jersey, with the Armenian Sisters Academy as the winner. Tournaments in New
England and Mid-West will take place May 8 and May 15 respectively. The
tournaments are sponsored by the Armenian National Education Committee.

DATEV REMINDER
The Datev site on the Prelacy web page is complete. Visit the site for
full information, including registration form, for the 18th annual summer
Armenian Studies Program of the St. Gregory of Datev Institute,
affectionately and simply called Datev. ()

HOLY WEEK VISITS
On behalf of His Holiness Catholicos Aram I, members of the Cilician
Brotherhood visited some of the dioceses during Holy Week.
Archbishop Ardavazt Terterian visited the Western Prelacy; Bishop Dirayr
Panossian visited the Diocese of Cyprus; Rev. Keghart Kusbekian visited the
Diocese of Aleppo; Rev. Bartev Gulumian and Rev. Vaghinag Meloyan visited
the Diocese of Tehran.
Each year, as an expression of the brotherly love and collaboration
between the hierarchal Sees, and with the invitation of Archbishop Torkom
Manoogian, Patriarch of Jerusalem, and His Beatitude Archbishop Mesrob
Moutafian, Patriarch of Istanbul, members of the Cilician Brotherhood visit
Istanbul and Jerusalem. This year, Bishop Nareg Alemezian visited Jerusalem
and V. Rev. Yeghishee Mandjigian visited Istanbul.

FIFTY DAYS (HINOUNK)
The fifty-day period between Easter (Zatik) and Pentecost (Hogegaloust)
is called Hinounk, meaning fifty days. The fifty days are devoted to the
Resurrection of Jesus Christ. Each of the seven Sundays during Hinnounk has
a specific name.
This Sunday, the first Sunday after Easter is called New Sunday (Nor
Kiraki), since the first day of the week through Christ’s resurrection
became consecrated and Sunday became a dominical day. By virtue of its being
the eighth day of Easter and a day similar to Easter, it is also called
Grgnazadiz (Second Easter).
After His resurrection, Jesus appeared to His disciples several times.
One day, when the disciples had taken refuge in fear, Christ appeared to
them again. Present in the room was the Apostle Thomas (the famous or
infamous Doubting Thomas), who previously had refused to believe that the
Lord has risen from the dead until he had seen tangible proof, finally
believed.

APRIL 15: INCOME TAX DAY
It is April 15 today, which means your income tax returns must be mailed
today, postmarked before midnight, or filed electronically before midnight.

Our parting thoughts for the week:

And the tax collector, standing afar off, would not so much as raise his
eyes to heaven, but beat his breast, saying, God, be merciful to me, a
sinner. (Luke 18:13).

Our Constitution is in actual operation; everything appears to promise
that it will last; but in this world nothing is certain but death and taxes.
(Written by Benjamin Franklin in a letter to M. Leroy, 1789).

Visit our website at

http://www.armenianprelacy.org
http://www.armenianprelacy.org
www.armenianprelacy.org

California Courier Online, April 15, 2004

California Courier Online, April 15, 2004

1 – Commentary
Turkish Minister Cancels Michigan
Trip Because of Armenian Genocide
By Harut Sassounian
California Courier Publisher
**************************************************************************
2 – City of Glendale Marks
Week of Remembrance
3 – Armenian Communities of Iran to be
Featured in Next UCLA Conference, May 14-16
4 – Sixth Armenian Music Awards
Returns to Hollywood, May 22
5 – ‘Seeking Simplicity’ is Theme
For May 14-16 FAPC Retreat
6 – In Memoriam – Vartabed Manuel Yergatian (1954-2004)
By Jackie Abramian
************************************************************************
1 – Commentary
Turkish Minister Cancels Michigan
Trip Because of Armenian Genocide

By Harut Sassounian
Publisher, The California Courier

The Turkish Minister of Education Huseyin Celik was planning to visit
various universities this week in Illinois, Wisconsin, Michigan, Ohio, and
New York. However, when the Turkish Foreign Ministry became aware of his
itinerary, he was advised to cancel his visit to the Univ. of Michigan (Ann
Arbor), because his host there would have been Associate Prof. of
Sociology, Fatma Muge Gocek.
Prof. Gocek learned that the Foreign Ministry had told the Education
Minister to cancel his trip to the Univ. of Michigan, because she
“recognized the Armenian claims [of genocide], had previously hosted Taner
Akcam [a Turkish scholar who recognizes the Armenian Genocide] at the
University of Michigan, and is currently writing a book on the issue.”
Prof. Gocek and Prof. Ronald Grigor Suny had jointly organized two
workshops on the Armenian Genocide in the last four years — the first at
the University of Chicago and the second at the Univ. of Michigan (Ann
Arbor).
This incident is yet another indication that Prime Minister Recep Erdogan’s
repeated promises to improve Turkish-Armenian relations are not sincere.
Under the guise of meeting the requirements for membership in the European
Union, Erdogan’s government has passed a series of “paper” reforms that
have not been implemented. Furthermore, despite repeated assurances that
the Turkish government is ready to open the border with Armenia, Turkey has
not even been willing to take the first step of establishing diplomatic
relations with Armenia. How could the Erdogan government convince anyone
that it is seriously considering to improve relations with Armenia, when it
can’t even tolerate the holding of a conference on Armenian issues
organized by a noted Turkish academic at an American university?
Ironically, while Erdogan’s government was ostracizing this Turkish
professor, the University of Michigan was honoring her with the Harold R.
Johnson Diversity Award for her “innovative efforts to open up constructive
dialogue among Turkish and Armenian scholars, as well as her continuing
efforts to enhance the quality of diversity on campus.”
British Ambassador to Slovakia Joins the Fray
For the first time since the controversial comments made by the British
Ambassador in Armenia on the Armenian Genocide, the British Ambassador in
another country has joined the fray.
Ric Todd, the British Ambassador to Slovakia, responded on April 5th to a
letter sent by Ashot Grigorian, the President of the Armenian Community of
Slovakia, complaining about the denial of the Armenian Genocide by Amb.
Thorda Abbott-Watt. Amb. Todd expressed regret that the British
government’s position “on the events of 1915-16” had caused personal
problems for the letter-writer, assuring him that “whatever happened will
not be forgotten.”
Amb. Todd’s letter is just as insulting as the denialist position of the
British Ambassador to Armenia. Readers should send their complaints to Amb.
Todd’s e-mail address: [email protected].
Meanwhile, the British Ambassador to Armenia, Thorda Abbott Watt, continued
receiving complaints from around the world. Two major Armenian
organizations added last week their voices to this on-going controversy.
The Armenian Democratic League (Ramgavar Party) of France published a
statement in the organization’s organ, La Lettre de L’ADL, “condemning the
British Ambassador’s statement as “false” and “politically ill-fated.” It
stated that her denial of the Armenian Genocide “is not only an insult to
the memory of the entire Armenian nation, but should be viewed as a
complicity to the Genocide.” The ADL of France demanded that the Armenian
government declare her a persona non grata and immediately expel her from
Armenia.
The second important statement was issued by the Armenian Community and
Church Council (ACCC) of Great Britain. In a letter addressed to British
Prime Minister Tony Blair, the ACCC called Amb. Abbott-Watt’s denial of the
Armenian Genocide “most insensitive and an affront to our dignity…. It is
highly offensive not only to the memory of the 1.5 million Armenians whose
Genocide she refers to, but to all Armenians throughout the world,
including British Armenians….” The ACCC demanded that Amb. Abbott-Watt
“issue an unqualified and speedy retraction of her hurtful and offensive
observation which one could easily consider to be undiplomatic,
patronising, and most definitely unbecoming an Ambassador of Her Majesty’s
Government….”
Furthermore, the ACCC called the British government’s policy of denial “not
only slanderous, but an immoral act, sinister in the extreme, committed
merely for political expediency.” The ACCC urged the British government to
“re-address the issue of recognition of the Armenian Genocide of 1915,
…denounce the atrocities perpetrated against the Armenians of Turkey in
1915 as Genocide, and to condemn those responsible.”
Interestingly, on the eve of April 24, “the British-Turkish
Inter-Parliamentary Friendship Group” is visiting Turkey this week. After a
stop at the Mausoleum of Ataturk, the British Parliamentarians will meet
with various Turkish officials, including Foreign Minister Abdullah Gul.
Readers are urged to continue sending e-mails to Amb. Abbott-Watt:
Thorda.Abbott [email protected]; to Michael Jay, the Under-Secretary and Head
of the UK Diplomatic Service: [email protected]; and to Prime Minister
Tony Blair through the following web site:
(click on select a subject,
select “international affairs,” and then click on the “go” button), asking
the British government to withdraw its Ambassador as she can no longer
effectively carry out her diplomatic duties in Armenia. Please send copies
of your e-mails and any responses to the Armenian Foreign Ministry:
[email protected] and to: [email protected].

**************************************************************************
2 – City of Glendale Marks
Week of Remembrance
GLENDALE – A panel discussion focusing on “Man’s Inhumanity to Man”, a
Commemoration of the Armenian Genocide and a book drive will highlight the
City of Glendale’s “Week of Remembrance 2004” during the month of April.
The events are free and the public is encouraged to attend.
The Genocide Collection Book Drive will run during the month of April.
Donated items may include books and audio materials which will be evaluated
for inclusion in the Glendale Central Library’s “Genocide Collection.” All
donations can be dropped off throughout the month at any Glendale Public
Library branch or at the Glendale Civic Auditorium on Saturday April 24 and
Sunday April 25.
The panel discussion on “Man’s Inhumanity to Man” will be aired the week of
April 19 on the City’s Government Access Channel, GTV6, on Charter Cable.
The educational student discussion will be moderated by Sonali Kohatkar of
KPFK radio. Panelists will include Dan Alba, Program Director of the Los
Angeles office of “Facing History and Ourselves” and Professor John Roth
from Claremont McKenna College.
The Commemoration of the Armenian Genocide will be held on Saturday, April
24, between 10 am and 9 pm at the Glendale Civic Auditorium, 1401 N.
Verdugo Road. Attendees are encouraged to view an art exhibit and donate
blood to the American Red Cross. At 7 pm, there will be a formal program
including musical presentations and performances. At the conclusion of the
program, there will be a candlelight vigil outside of the Civic Auditorium
at the future site of a monument commemorating the genocide. In addition,
community members will have an opportunity to view the art exhibit and
donate blood on Sunday, April 25, from 10-5 pm on the lower level of the
Civic Auditorium.
For additional information, contact Zizette Ayad, (818) 548-4844.
**************************************************************************
3 – Armenian Communities of Iran to be
Featured in Next UCLA Conference, May 14-16
UCLA-The 14th in the UCLA International Conference series on Historic
Armenian Cities and Provinces will feature the colorful history and culture
of the Armenian communities of Iran from ancient to modern times.
The conference, to be held in Glendale and on the UCLA campus from Friday
evening to Sunday afternoon, May 14-16, will bring together scholars from
Armenia, Cyprus, Germany, Great Britain, Iran, Italy, and various parts of
the United States. The opening session in Armenian will be held on Friday
evening, May 14, from 7:30 to 10:00, in the Glendale Presbyterian Church at
the corner of Louise and Harvard Streets in Glendale and will include
illustrated lectures by Armen Hakhnazarian (Germany and Armenia), Ani
Babayan (Isfahan/New Julfa, Iran), Onnik Hairapetian (Glendale and Mashdotz
Colleges), and Gohar Avagian (Historical Archives, Armenia).
The Saturday sessions on May 15 from 9:30 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. will be held on
the UCLA campus, in Court of Sciences 50 (Young Hall), and will be
conducted in English. The presentations will focus on the political,
cultural and literary, economic, and social history of the Armenians of
Iran or Persia. Speakers include Richard Hovannisian (UCLA), A.E. Redgate
(Newcastle, England), Peter Cowe (UCLA), Hovann Simonian (USC), Thomas
Sinclair University of Cyprus), Gabriella Uluhogian (Bologna University,
Italy), Vazken Ghougassian (Eastern Prelacy, New York), Rubina Peroomian
(UCLA), Houri Berberian (California State University, Long Beach), Rose
Marie Cohen (Los Angeles), Gayane Hagopian (UCLA), Anahid Keshishian
(UCLA), Bert Vaux (University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee).
The Sunday afternoon sessions on May 16 from 1:30 to 5:30 will be in
Armenian and in English with presentations by Armen Ter Stepanyan
(Matenadaran, Armenia), Armen Hakhnazarian (Germany and Armenia), Artsvi
Bskhchinyan (Armenia), Samvel Stepanian (Glendale), Aida Avanessian
(Tehran, Iran), Claudia Mardirossian (UCLA), and Anny Bakalian (New York
University). As in all previous conferences, a photographic exhibit will
be mounted by Richard and Anne Elizabeth Elbrecht of Davis, California.
The conference is organized by Professor Richard G. Hovannisian, Holder of
the Armenian Educational Foundation Chair in Modern Armenian History at
UCLA, and is co-sponsored by the Armenian Society (Iranahay Miutiun) of Los
Angeles and the UCLA International Institute, G.E. von Grunebaum Center for
Near Eastern Studies, and the Center for European and Russian Studies.
All proceedings are open to the public at no charge. Parking on the UCLA
campus is in Parking Structure 2, entrance from Hilgard Avenue at
Westholme. The conference program may be viewed at and
Professor Hovannisian may be contacted by e-mail at
[email protected].
*****************************************************************
4 – Sixth Armenian Music Awards
Returns to Hollywood, May 22
GLENDALE – First produced in 1998 at the Alex Theatre in Glendale by AMFA
Entertainment, the Armenian Music Awards will return this year, and will be
aired simultaneously in the United States and Armenia on May 22.
It has successfully entertained people with the biggest stars the Armenian
music industry had to offer. The fifth year event last November had
included celebrities such as Stewart Copland from the Police, John Densmore
from the Doors, Serj Tankian from System of A Down, Miles Copland founder
of IRS Records (REM, Bangles) and producer of Sting for many years, Jerry
Bell from the Daz Band and more.
The sixth Armenian Music Awards will be aired on Horizon TV, May 22, 7 p.m.
(Pacific) and 10 p.m. Eastern (Eastern).
n past years, artists such as Charles Aznavour, Tigran Mansourian, Aram
Khachaturian, Constantin Orbelyan, Arto Tuncboyaciyan, Harry Hadikian,
Djivan Gasparyan and others have climbed up to the podium and have received
their ‘ANUSH’es for their contributions to our lives.
The last Awards aired to a record audience of over 2 million people around
the world. This year will even be a bigger draw. The event is not open to
the public and all attendees will be contributors of the show and/or music
& entertainment industry.
“We have changed our venue, to The Henry Fonda Theatre in Hollywood, and
have re-invented the evening for all those who change with the times,”
producer and creator Peter Bahlawanian explains. The host of this year’s
gala event is none other than Kev Orkian from London.
To oversee the judging procedure this year, the committee panel includes
industry producers such as Stepan Partamian of Garni Music, Gagik Adamian
of Narek.com, Daniel Parseghian of Parseghian Records, Alfred Nazarian of
Chaterian Music, Garo Kirakosian of Armenfilm and founder Peter Bahlawanian
of Pe-Ko Records. Emil Sardaryan is heading the marketing team and Teni
Melidonian is involved with special groups.
Red carpet ceremonies will start at 5 p.m., Pacific time.
**************************************************************************
5 – ‘Seeking Simplicity’ is Theme
For May 14-16 FAPC Retreat
FRESNO – “Seeking Simplicity” is the theme of the 2004 Spring Retreat of
the Armenian Evangelical Youth Fellowship Western Region.
The AEYF ministry weekend will take place on May 14-16 at the First
Armenian Presbyterian Church of Fresno.
The conference is open to high school and college-age youth and the
registration fee is $25 per person, which includes a commemorative T-shirt.
The registration deadline is May 10.
Reverend Mgrdich Melkonian will be the keynote speaker for the convocation.
A native of Aleppo, Syria, Rev. Melkonian earned a Bachelor of Arts degree
in Armenian literature from Haigazian University in 1982 and a Master of
Divinity Degree from the Near East School of Theology in 1984. Upon
graduation, he served as youth director for the Union of Armenian
Evangelical Churches in the Near East. In 1995, Rev. Melkonian accepted a
call to become Associate Pastor for Parish Development at the United
Armenian Congregational Church of Hollywood. In September 2003, he was
installed as the 11th Senior Pastor of the host church.
The Spring 2004 Retreat is a prelude to the Fourteenth Biennial Convention
of the AEYF, a hemispheric convocation scheduled for June 23-27, 2004, in
Fresno. The Pilgrim Armenian Congregational Church is the host
congregation.
Southern California students are invited to call 818-989-6208 or e-mail
[email protected] for details. Central and Northern California students
are invited to call 559-285-9369 or e-mail [email protected] for details.
**************************************************************************
6 – In Memoriam – Vartabed Manuel Yergatian (1954-2004)
By Jackie Abramian
During the tumultuous period of the early 1980’s when the killings of
Turkish officials by Armenian groups made worldwide headlines, the Turkish
government arrested an Armenian priest by the name of Fr. Manuel Yergatian
at the Istanbul airport and accused him of treason. The 26 year-old native
of Istanbul was detained in 1980 for the alleged possession of maps that
indicated Armenian territory within modern day Turkey. At the time of his
arrest, Fr. Yergatian was accompanying a group of Turkish-Armenian students
to the Armenian Patriarchate’s Seminary in Jerusalem for the summer. He was
the deputy director of the Patriarchate’s Theological School.
Fr. Yergatian, called Hayko Manuel Eldemir (Turkish equivalent of
Yergatian), was charged under articles 140 and 242 of Turkish law with
“having participated in activities against the state and damaging the
interests of the country by utilizing his priesthood.” He was sentenced by
Istanbul’s Martial law Command Military Court to 14 years in prison, to be
followed by four years and eight months of internal exile. Amnesty
International (AI), on the insistence of various Armenians (including Harut
Sassounian), adopted him as a prisoner of conscience, after concluding that
the evidence against him was baseless.
I obtained Fr. Yergatian’s prison address from AI and wasted no time to
write my first letter – attempting to cheer him up by assuring him that he
was not forgotten. I was delightfully surprised to receive a reply to my
letter in a week. The airmail envelope was from “Fr. H. Manuel Eldemir”
with small script and addressed to “Dear J. Abramian”. The letter was in
Turkish:
“Sireli Jackline. My eyes could hardly believe your letter. It is the first
letter I have received. I am glad to know that I am not forgotten! These
are hard times. I’m writing in Turkish hoping that you can read my words.
My letters are controlled so I don’t want to entertain any difficulty. My
heart and conscience is clean. I have not done anything wrong. I love
Turkey and wanted to return to Turkey. But at the airport I was arrested
and soon found myself in 4 walls.”
That was the beginning of our correspondence that continued until his
release in 1986 and his subsequent internal exile at the Istanbul
Patriarchate. Every letter that arrived was stained with black markers
across lines indicating censored parts. I read each letter many times over
and deciphered the Turkish with my mother’s help, reading between the
lines. Fr. Yergatian often spoke of the weather — rainy, snowy, or cloudy.
He was tired and not well. In the spring, he relayed his hopes for renewal,
always underlining words of wisdom from the Bible and his devotion to
Christ and Christianity. I would grow anxious when his letters were
delayed. Being frequently tortured, he was often exhausted and could not
write. Fr. Yergatian never mentioned his tortures, but simply spoke of the
“hardships” of prison and of his “friends” – his cellmates. He spoke of his
weak eyes, the time he spent “at the hospital” and how he had new glasses.
Although he was young, his eyes were quite weak, he said. He spoke of being
born in Istanbul in September 11, 1954, spending his early years in Turkey,
his theological training in Jerusalem, his return to Turkey to serve in the
army, and then being an ordained priest. He wrote of how he had “cried the
day of” his ordination as he wanted nothing but to serve God and to love
all mankind. His letters always ended with “love and peace” written in
English, and in Armenian “Aghotkov yev sirov.”
Fr. Yergatian was an avid painter and used his art as meditation. His
request to receive painting materials was actually granted by the prison
guards. When he painted, he was able to relax and not “suffer,” he said. He
even sent me photos taken by the guards of his paintings – and his own
photo, dressed in a sweater standing against an outdoor prison wall. I
remember staring at his paintings and wondering about his inspiration for
the serene natural setting with a river, mountains and trees, while another
painting reflected a sail ship caught up in stormy waters and high waves.
When his December 1985 Christmas letter ended with the words “pray for me,”
I knew he was losing hope. We had been corresponding for years and he had
never asked for my prayer. My contacts with the AI provided me with legal
updates on Fr. Yergatian’s case and news of his continued tortures. AI did
not encourage further publicity of his case, fearing that it would
undermine and damage the legal process. It was difficult to abide by AI’s
request.
As the years passed, other more pressing matters distracted my attention
from Fr. Yergatian’s case. Then his March 1986 letter arrived with a small
dried flower attached to its margin, bursting with happiness. He had
received word of his release date under a Turkish amnesty law.
“I am told that I will be released on May 18, 1986 – in the day of
Pentecost. It is really miraculous.” Fr. Yergatian wrote of his “six
friends” and how they had all applied for an early release. In April of
1986, a Congressional delegation visiting Turkey was pressed by the
Armenian Assembly to discuss his case with Turkish officials. The
delegation returned with assurances his scheduled release in May.
Fr. Yergatian wrote that after his release his “main trouble would start
with four years of exile in Eastern Turkey.” He was anxious about this,
the lack of Christian community in the East, and his unfamiliarity with the
countryside. But he wrote: “Remember our Savior’s words…go into all the
world, even to the ends of the earth and I will be with you to the end.” He
considered this a “great commission and a wonderful promise…that is enough
for me.”
I received his next letter, on May 10, 1986, from the Istanbul
Patriarchate. I was so relieved that he had survived the “hardships” of
Turkish prison. His letter was in English. It was full of good thoughts and
joy but with an underlining anxiety still about his internal exile.
“God will work wonders in the heart of men, for with God nothing is
impossible,” he said as though assuring himself. Then there was a long
period of silence with no letters from him. I grew anxious and sent an
urgent letter to Patriarch Kaloustian inquiring about Fr. Yergatian’s
safety, health and whereabouts. I received a kind, hand written letter from
the Patriarchate assuring me that Fr. his health was improving, that he was
busy with his new church duties and doing well.
Fr. Yergatian’s December 1986 Christmas card was a beautiful handmade card
with dried flower designs. For the first time, his letter was typed and in
Armenian. His internal exile to the Eastern Anatolia was lifted. He was
placed under house arrest at the Patriarchate under Abp. Kaloustian’s
supervision and given a studio space to paint while conducting his priestly
duties. He was prohibited from traveling abroad until 1994. He signed his
letters, Manuel Vartabed Yergatian. He requested paintbrushes to be sent to
him as he continued with his painting meditation. Even though his health
began to fail, he never said anything about it. In his Sept. 10, 1987
letter, he indicated that he had received the brushes. He said that his
health was fine and that he was about to age yet another year as the next
day he would celebrate his birthday.
Our letters became few and far between as the years passed and as he was
further entrenched in his religious life and duties. We promised each other
to someday meet. Then in 2000, I learned after having been to Amsterdam
that Fr. Yergatian was the parish priest of the local Armenian Church in a
nearby suburb.
My attempts to find Fr. Yergatian, his telephone number or email address
were unsuccessful. I was unable to carry through due to my own lack of
diligence and other preoccupations. I was, however, in peace. I knew he
was well enough to have his own parish and was living far away from the
tortures of his prison days.
I received news of Fr. Yergatian’s death from Harut Sassounian and was
deeply saddened. I regret my failed promise to meet Fr. Yergatian in
person. More importantly, I was angered by his untimely death because it
was a direct result of the tortures that weakened and aged him prematurely.
I was relieved, however, knowing that the devout Vartabed was now with his
creator resting in a place free of all abuse. It was time for me to pray
for Vartabed Yergatian — he had traveled “to the end of the world to keep”
our Christianity and had given his life for the mission.
Yeghitzi Looys Vartabed Yergatian. May you rest in peace and may God
forgive and enlighten your torturers.
**************************************************************************
The California Courier On-Line is a service provided by the California
Courier. Subscriptions or changes of address should not be transmitted
through this service. Information in that regard should be telephoned
to (818) 409-0949; faxed to: (818) 409-9207, or e-mailed to:
[email protected]. Letters to the editor concerning issues
addressed in the Courier may be e-mailed, provided it is signed by
the author. Phone and/or E-mail address is also required to verify
authorship.
**************************************************************************

http://www.number-10.gov.uk/output/page821.asp
www.uclaarmenian.org

HRW Letter to President

A1 Plus | 13:08:37 | 08-04-2004 | Official |

LETTER TO PRESIDENT

Dear President Robert Kocharyan,

We are writing to you to express our deep concern over the recent attack on
human rights defender Mikael Danielian. Human Rights Watch has worked
closely with Danielian for thirteen years and highly values his contribution
to defending human rights in Armenia. We fear that the attack was an attempt
to intimidate and silence Danielian, and to stop him from carrying out his
human rights work. {BR}

On March 30, 2004 at 9:00 a.m., four unknown men assaulted Danielian near
his house as he was returning home from walking his dog. They punched him
repeatedly to the head, and kicked him after he fell to the ground.
Danielian was taken to hospital, where he remained until April 2. He is now
recovering at home. He is remains very weak, finds it hard to walk, and is
suffering from headaches and dizziness.

Danielian believes that the attack was an act of retribution for his human
rights work. He told Human Rights Watch that he has been a source of
information for the international community regarding the growing protests
of the political opposition in Armenia. These protests relate to allegations
of widespread vote rigging in last year’s presidential elections, held in
February and March 2003, and to the Constitutional Court decision that
upheld the results, but suggested that a referendum be held within a year to
gauge public confidence in the president. Thus far, no referendum has been
planned.

Danielian also gave an interview to the Baku-based newspaper, Ekho, in which
he made statements sharply criticizing you. Shortly before the attack on
Danielian, local press in Armenia criticized him for these statements.

We welcome your public statement calling on the General Procurator to
investigate the attack on Danielian, and ask you to ensure that the
investigation will be carried out promptly and thoroughly. We are concerned
that as of April 3 no forensic medical examination had yet been carried out
on Danielian and call on you to ensure that such an examination be carried
out as soon as possible.

We remind you of your government’s international obligations to uphold the
rights of human rights defenders to carry out their work, and to ensure that
the right to freedom of expression is available to all people in Armenia.
Under the United Nations Declaration on the Right and Responsibility of
Individuals, Groups and Organs of Society to Promote and Protect Universally
Recognized Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (Resolution 53/144), states
are called upon to take all necessary measures to ensure the protection of
human rights defenders. We ask that your government adhere to the letter and
spirit of the principles set out in the declaration in protecting all human
rights defenders in Armenia.

We thank you for your attention to our concerns.
Yours sincerely,
Rachel Denber,
Acting Executive Director
Europe and Central Asia Division

Authorities in Preparation for Rallies

A1 Plus | 18:48:52 | 01-04-2004 | Politics |

AUTHORITIES IN PREPARATION FOR RALLIES

Ruling coalition consolidates as the date set for the opposition rally is
coming closer. On the event footing the authorities take preventive measures
and launched vigorous intimidation campaign against the opposition
activists. In a week before the rally intended to mark the second
anniversary of the notorious A1+ TV Company closure, they were summoned to
police.

Vice-Speaker Vahan Hovhannisyan says those staging meeting declared war
against the authorities. There is nothing surprising in the authorities’
intention to protect itself.

The coalition Republican Party leader Galust Sahakyan says the A1+ closure
was politicized from the very beginning. He supposed the opposition want to
see how many people will gather at this rally to gauge its strength for
staging follow-up rallies.

http://www.a1plus.am

Déglingue bien tassée, “Vodka Lemon”

Liberation, France
mercredi 31 mars 2004

Déglingue bien tassée

Par Marc SEMO

Vodka Lemon
d’Hiner Saleem,
avec Romen Avinian, Lala Sarkissian, Ivan Franek… 1 h 28.

l a 7 dollars par mois de retraite et ses biens se limitent à un
crachotant poste de télévision soviétique et un vieil uniforme. Son
fils parti en France ne lui écrit… que pour lui demander de
l’argent. Sa femme repose au cimetière. Là, le vieil Hamo rencontre
un nouvel amour, une veuve plongée dans la même détresse. Elle tient
une petite gargote sur une route glacée, le Vodka Lemon.

La déglingue des sociétés post-soviétiques continue d’inspirer des
oeuvres grinçantes ou douces-amères. Ici, c’est l’Arménie avec ce
film, salué à Venise. Hiner Saleem, réalisateur kurde irakien, est
déjà l’auteur d’une comédie décapante en 1997, Vive la mariée et la
liberté du Kurdistan, qui moquait le machisme kurde et les militants.
Son second film Passeurs de rêve, sur l’immigration clandestine, fut
un échec. Il renoue avec la verve et le burlesque sur fond de
montagnes arméniennes enneigées.

Mais il manque au film, souvent touchant, cet humour ravageur dont
fait preuve Saleem dans son livre de mémoire d’enfance, le Fusil de
mon père (Seuil). Il aime à citer une phrase de son père, grand
combattant de la cause kurde et éternel vaincu : «Notre passé est
triste, notre présent est catastrophique, mais heureusement nous
n’avons pas d’avenir.»

US fills the gap in the Caucasus

Noyan Tapan Highlights #12(514)
29 March, 2004

US fills the gap in the Caucasus
By Haroutiun Khachatrian

Richard Armitage, Deputy State Secretary of the United States, stayed in
Yerevan for several hours only. But this did not lower the importance of
this visit, aimed as he said, to activate political dialogue with Armenia.
Apparently, his principal goal was discussion about regional problems,
rather than internal affairs of Armenia, as some analysts supposed.

During his press conference after the meeting with the president Robert
Kocharian (see page 6 for a detailed report), Mr. Armitage presented what
can be regarded as the US responses to recent challenges in the South
Caucasus region. In particular:

– The United States keep their line on encouraging re-opening of the
Turkish-Armenian border. Richard Armitage apparently did not share the
vision of the Azeri President Ilham Aliyev that it might hamper the
settlement in Nagorno Karabakh.

– “We are proud to be the co-chair of the Minsk group”. This can be regarded
as a direct response to the recent criticism of official Baku about the
inefficiency of the activities of the Minsk group and its co-chairman.

– “The long-term partnership is practically impossible, if there are
unsolved problems, but the economic cooperation has its logics: with the
time people start speaking proceeded from their own interests and with the
time the sides start settling the accumulated problems. The economic and
political problems should be settled in parallel”. These words of Armitage
again contradict to the position of Azerbaijan which tends to avoid any
contacts (not only economic) with Armenia before the Karabakh problem is
settled.

In brief, Washington mostly reiterated its previous positions regarding the
key problems of the South Caucasus region. What is new, is that these
positions have recently become the target of criticism, openly or
indirectly, by the new Azeri leader. To be more precise, such criticism
existed well before Ilham Aliyev replaced his father as president. But,
after his official inauguration, the line of official Baku has become more
and more like an universal protest that everybody is wrong in his attitude
to Azerbaijan and the Nagorno Karabakh conflict. For this reason, the
meeting of Armitage with Ilham Aliyev (it will take place after the deadline
of this issue), is the most important event of Armitage’s trip. It will show
how realistic are the hopes about improvement in the climate in the region,
or even the hopes about possible progress in the conflict settlement.

http://www.nt.am

Russian bank gets controlling stake in Armenias Savings Bank

ITAR-TASS, Russia
March 24 2004

Russian bank gets controlling stake in Armenia’s Savings Bank

YEREVAN, March 24 (Itar-Tass) – Russia’s foreign trade Vneshtorgbank
(VTB) is expected to become the owner of a 70 percent stake in the
Armenian savings bank Armsberbank.

VTB Presiden, Andrei Kostin, is expected to sign documents on
finalizing the acquisition.

He will also meet with Armenian government officials to discuss the
prospects for bilateral economic ties.

Mikhail Bagdasarov, one of Armenia’s leading business people and
Armsberbank president, believes the deal with the VTB will unite
business in the two countries and will give it a solid financial
backing.

He said the VTB planned to boost Armsberbank’s registered capital
fourfold to fivefold, as well as to increase the list of its
services.

Bagdasarov believes that the arrival of a large Russian bank in
Armenia is essential for normal development of business relations
with Russia.

Meeting at NKR MFA

Azat Artsakh – Republic of Nagorno Karabakh
March 19 2004

MEETING AT NKR MFA

On March 17 the NKR vice minister of foreign affairs Masis Mayilian
met with the coordinator of the European program of the international
organization `Article-19′ Irina Smolina (Great Britain). The guest
said she arrived in Karabakh for the aim of organizing a round table
with the Stepanakert press club on the topic `Public radio and
Television: Problems and Prospects’. She mentioned that within the
framework of the project for maintaining democracy in the South
Caucasus through freedom of speech the international organization
`Article 19′ has been carrying out work in the recognized, as well as
non-recognized states of the region, including Nagorni Karabakh since
last April, in three directions: legislative and institutional
activities, free circulation of information and enlightenment
programs. Masis Mayilian welcomed the activities of the organization
and mentioned the importance of the fact that `Article 19′ also
cooperates with states that are not recognized by the international
community, for despite their recognition all the nations of the South
Caucasus should be provided with equal possibilities and assistance
for the development of the society. According to Masis Mayilian, a
lack of balance in this sphere may endanger the stability in the
region. `The authorities of Nagorni Karabakh are interested in
development of a civil society in the republic and in this reference
your cooperation with the regional partners is very useful. We are
open to the world and always seek for integration in international
processes. We recognize that the future of the republic of Nagorni
Karabakh is greatly dependent on the fact whether we will succeed in
building a democratic country,’ emphasized the vice minister of
foreign affairs of NKR. At the request of the guests Masis Mayilian
presented the establishment, structure and activities of the NKR
Ministry of Foreign Affairs. He mentioned that the establishment of
the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in 1993 was the requirement of the
time and circumstances because the young state as a conflict party
faced the necessity of conducting negotiations for the settlement of
the Karabakh conflict on a professional level. At the end of the
meeting Masis Mayilian stated the willingness of the foreign ministry
of the republic to assist to the implementation of the programs of
`Article 19′ in Nagorni Karabakh.

AA

AGBU’s Commitment to Education: Placing the MEI in Context

AGBU PRESS OFFICE
55 East 59th Street, New York, NY 10022-1112
Phone (212) 319-6383
Fax (212) 319-6507
Email [email protected]
Webpage

PRESS RELEASE
Tuesday, March 16, 2004

MELKONIAN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTE

AGBU’S COMMITMENT TO EDUCATION: PLACING MEI IN CONTEXT

***NOTE: A PDF version of this text in English and Armenian is
available for download at ***

Education has and will continue to be an important program area for
AGBU. Throughout its 98-year history, AGBU has devoted much energy,
thought, and resources to establishing educational programs that meet
the needs of Armenians throughout the world. The emphasis and priority
given to education have been essential in addressing the
organization’s overall mission: To preserve and promote the Armenian
identity and heritage through educational, cultural and humanitarian
programs. Over many decades, AGBU’s pursuit of its educational mandate
has resulted in numerous projects tailored to the specific needs of
individual communities. Such initiatives-orphanages, schools,
scholarship programs, internship programs, study-travel programs and
the like-were established as a response to the demands of the time.

One of the major strengths of AGBU has been its ability to adapt with
each Armenian generation and to establish programs driven by evolving
concerns and requirements. Whereas the promotion and preservation of
the Armenian identity may, at certain times, be appropriately served
through the establishment of schools, at other times such goals may
require the implementation of alternative programs. Education must be
viewed in the broadest of terms, beyond academia, and as an activity
for all age groups.

As AGBU approaches its Centennial, AGBU’s leadership finds itself once
again striving to address the questions of how best to meet its
mission in education, given the complexities and diverse needs of
Armenians throughout the world. What may work in the Middle East is
not necessarily the right approach for Europe; what Armenians in South
America require may be different from what is needed in North
America. In recent years, AGBU leadership has begun reevaluating the
status of its worldwide education programs to determine how best to
address the increasing challenges faced in carrying forth the many
initiatives established during the past century. In particular, the
organization is conducting an extensive evaluation of its day schools,
located in eleven countries, to determine the extent to which they
address the priorities of Armenian youth today. AGBU is identifying
current efforts that have the greatest chances of success, where the
education provided meets high quality standards and where the
economics of the setting, as well as the local population, make the
schools truly viable institutions.

Unfortunately and with regret, certain AGBU schools-similar to many
other Armenian schools throughout the Diaspora-are confronted with
declining enrollments and increasing costs. This decline is caused by
a number of factors: the integration of new generations into the
larger mainstream settings of their countries; the attraction to local
public and private non-Armenian institutions; and the belief of many
young parents that a better future for their children will be secured
by enrollment in non-Armenian schools. While AGBU lauds the many
important contributions of its academic institutions over the years
and commends what has worked well in many settings, it has become
paramount for the organization to reexamine the extent to which the
schools today fulfill AGBU’s education mission. In so doing, it will
be better positioned to make informed decisions, supporting what works
well, improving what could work better, and finding alternative
solutions for what no longer works. Historical Perspective

To shape future directions for education, it is important to
understand and reflect on the historical accomplishments of
AGBU. Three distinct periods with very different needs can be
identified.

Following its inception in 1906, AGBU’s efforts in education were
directed toward the requirements of Armenians living under Ottoman
rule. AGBU focused on the provision of grants and subsidies to schools
and orphanages in support of Armenians in their homeland. From 1909 to
1914, the Central Board of Directors established no less than 40
schools in Armenian villages and towns in Eastern Anatolia. These were
precisely the types of educational initiatives that Armenians needed,
and AGBU stepped forward with appropriate responses.

The Armenian Genocide was to change everything. Between 1915-1921,
the young organization lost one of its most important
strongholds. Gone were all the schools, orphanages, teachers and
pupils. In one tragic stroke, a decade of efforts was
eradicated. Reflecting the needs of the time once again, AGBU was
forced to mobilize quickly and relocate its educational programs to
areas where large numbers of Armenian refugees had congregated.

In the immediate aftermath of the Genocide, AGBU, while making great
efforts to supply humanitarian assistance to refugees, continued on
its vital mission to provide educational programs. Schooling for
refugee children was organized, often under tents or in the open. As
these communities gradually settled, AGBU resumed its earlier practice
of providing grants for the creation of an educational
infrastructure. Within a few short years, Armenians in the Middle
East, specifically in Syria and Lebanon, were once again able to
provide their own education to their own children in their own
institutions. These responses were made possible by the continuing
degree of relative autonomy granted to distinct and highly cohesive
minority groups, such as Armenians, within these regions. With
integration into the larger society not a prime concern among these
communities, Armenians could focus on developing and maintaining ties
to their cultural roots through such programs. Based on this same
rationale, in 1926 Garabed and Krikor Melkonian entrusted AGBU with an
institution to serve as an orphanage in Nicosia, Cyprus: the Melkonian
Educational Institute. AGBU’s concentration on the Middle East
continued into post-war Soviet period. With Armenia and Eastern Europe
under Soviet occupation, the communities of the Middle East were
considered the hope and future of an Armenian nation. Unfortunately,
starting in the 1950s, political upheavals and ensuing instability in
this region prompted Armenians in Egypt, Syria, Iraq, Lebanon, and
Iran to begin a new pattern of emigration. Once again, Armenians
sought refuge and the opportunity to preserve their heritage. The new
immigrants found their way to existing communities outside the Middle
East, primarily in the United States, Canada and Australia. These new
destinations provided a completely different environment for
minorities: one which invited, if not required, assimilation to a
Western socio-political culture. Gone were the days of individual
communities distinct from the indigenous population.

AGBU once again recognized and carried out an appropriate means to
respond to the needs of Armenians in these Western communities. Over
the next 35 years, AGBU expanded its fully-accredited educational
institutions. Schools in North and South America, as well as in
Australia, were established with the primary goal of providing
education consistent with the standards of the respective local
communities, while offering curriculum to promote and perpetuate the
Armenian language, culture and history.

The continuous prevailing political instability in the Middle East
region and the attraction to Western culture encouraged the further
emigration of Armenians. Today, the Armenian population in the Middle
East, while continuing to fulfill an important national and
geopolitical role, has been reduced to less than 300,000 from its peak
of over a million. Over the years, the Armenian community in Cyprus
has also been affected, reduced to less than 3,000 as a consequence of
a wave of emigration, mainly to England. In addition, the fall of the
Soviet Union and the independence of Armenia led to a further movement
of immigration into the Western Diaspora and Russia.

With Armenian communities continually displaced throughout the past
century, AGBU has adapted its responses accordingly. As we enter the
21st Century and attempt to address an even more fluid and rapidly
changing social, political and technological climate, it is important
for AGBU to reassess the effective use of its resources, in terms of
both human and financial investments.

AGBU Educational Mission Today

Today, through specific endowments and general donations, AGBU
administers or financially supports 17 AGBU day schools, 7 AGBU
Saturday schools, 3 Children’s Centers in Armenia, the American
University of Armenia, Yerevan State University and 20 non-AGBU
Armenian day schools and Saturday schools. AGBU allocations and
grants for education in over 20 countries, including university and
college scholarships, total over $5,000,000 annually.

In the United States, the Los Angeles-based AGBU Manoogian-Demirdjian
School, with an enrollment of over 950 students, runs a successful
operation on a financially self-supportive basis. It will soon benefit
from an expansion of its facilities as it seeks to serve a community
of over 500,000 Armenians. It is well recognized that greater Los
Angeles has become the most densely populated Armenian community in
the Western Diaspora and AGBU, as well as other Armenian institutions,
will appropriately devote further efforts and resources there.
Similarly, in the Detroit area, the AGBU Alex and Marie Manoogian
School (now a Charter school) has more than doubled its population to
about 375 students, and through its academic success has become a
school of choice to many parents.

In Syria, the AGBU Lazar Najarian-Calouste Gulbenkian School in Aleppo
serves about 1,600 students, accommodating a large and stable
community. Through a generous donation from the Calouste Gulbenkian
Foundation, the school recently expanded its premises to accommodate
the growing number of students who will benefit from the modern
facilities. AGBU will continue to support institutions that remain an
essential part of our heritage in selected communities.

The Lebanese and Iranian communities that have suffered from their
respective civil wars in the late 1970s and 1980s remain,
nevertheless, strongholds of Armenian life. Therefore, AGBU shall
carry on addressing the needs of its schools in these areas, but at
the same time, will examine ways to maximize the efficiency of such
operations, in light of new enrollment patterns and local conditions.

AGBU recognizes the important role of its schools in Canada and South
America and will continue monitoring closely the evolution and
development of these institutions. The Montreal, Buenos Aires and
Montevideo schools, with large numbers of students and active efforts
from the local communities, continue to receive AGBU’s support. They
will be afforded opportunities to prosper.

It is important to note that AGBU will also continue to give serious
consideration to low enrollment levels and high deficits as one of the
determinants of the long-term viability of its schools, particularly
if such institutions no longer fulfill the missions for which they
were established. AGBU believes that any elementary school with a
population of less than 120 cannot easily meet required academic and
pedagogical standards of quality education, which remain a primary
prerequisite for our support. For example, serious consideration
should be given to AGBU’s school in Athens, where enrollment for the
present year consists of 64 students, including its kindergarten, with
a current deficit of about $275,000. Likewise, our school in Sydney,
operating with about 35 students, is of serious concern to us, and we
need to consider alternative programs that could well achieve better
results for the benefit of the community at large.

We believe that some of these efforts can evolve with the assistance
of local AGBU committees, thus creating alternative and more
responsive programs, such as Saturday schools, summer camps, trips to
Armenia, internship programs and Young Professional
groups. Opportunities to merge Armenian schools in some communities
should also be explored, our priority being the survival of Armenian
education rather than the short-sighted promotion of any given
school. In so doing, our members will apply their human and financial
resources toward more productive and rewarding activities. In all
likelihood, some communities can benefit more from the development of
new programs aimed at serving a far larger population.

As for other AGBU schools not specifically mentioned above, we will
continue to do our best to resolve their challenges and issues with
the hope of a brighter future.

The Melkonian Educational Institute

At the noble initiative of the Melkonian brothers, AGBU undertook the
responsibility of MEI as one of its major responses to the
Genocide. MEI’s institutional goal was to educate and care for the
needs of orphans of the Genocide. Over the past 77 years, however, MEI
has passed through several stages of development. A review of MEI’s
history helps us to better understand its exemplary contributions in
the past, as well as the difficult challenges it has faced in recent
years.

Stages of Development

1926 through the 1960s: An Evolving Role and Purpose

During its earliest years and in consort with the Melkonian brothers’
vision, MEI met extraordinary humanitarian goals by providing refuge
to thousands of orphans left destitute on the plains of the Ottoman
Empire. As the years progressed, the Central Board of AGBU,
recognizing the difficult conditions facing Armenians who were
resettling throughout the Middle East, proceeded to expand Melkonian
from a refuge for orphans to an accredited educational institution. As
Armenians in the Middle East became more established in their
communities, MEI became focused on preparing and educating Armenian
youth who would assume leadership roles in their communities – those
who would excel in the arts, education, civic leadership and the
like. MEI prepared editors, novelists, writers, poets and teachers who
would return to their local communities to assume positions as staff
of Armenian newspapers and literary publications, as well as in
Armenian schools and other institutions in an attempt to further
develop and maintain a mainstream Armenian society within the Middle
Eastern communities. At this time, Armenian was actively spoken in
homes, at school and even at work. Armenians socialized within their
own communities and thus lived a life almost segregated from the local
non-Armenian population.

However, this wave of exclusive “Armenianism” began to change in the
1960’s when local Middle Eastern countries, which had acceded to
independence from foreign European powers less than 15 years earlier,
began taking charge and organizing themselves as national, mostly
Arab, states. This imposed a new, more integrated lifestyle for all
communities, including the Armenians. Furthermore, the establishment
of the National Baccalaureate Standards in many of those countries now
required every citizen to meet national standards for entry to local
institutions of higher education and made Arabic the basic primary
language of the national educational system. This created a new
dimension for the education of Armenian youth. Up to this time, the
Armenian population residing in these countries generally did not have
the opportunity, nor did they make an effort, to learn the local
language. Consequently, enhanced educational opportunities were made
available to Armenian students in the Diaspora. Many families chose
local elementary and secondary schools as they sought to provide their
children with the skills needed to excel in their adoptive
communities. Others still chose to move to the West seeking better
options and new lives. As a result, the number of students that MEI
was able to attract from the Middle East diminished significantly,
thereby leading the institution to its third stage of service.

The 1970s and the 1980s: Decades of Transition

In the mid-1970s, MEI experienced increasing difficulty in attracting
students and in balancing constant deficits. This was due primarily to
a vast decline of the population of potential students hailing from
the Middle East (formerly the largest student pool) and Greece. As
such, the Central Board of AGBU seriously considered and resolved in
1975 to discontinue the institution.

However, with serious commitments from MEI Alumni and MEI’s local
school Board, the Central Board opted to give MEI another chance and
reached an understanding with local management to establish a new
trial period. Under these terms, the school would have to attract
students in appropriate numbers, provide a high quality education, and
maintain an acceptable level of operational deficit.

While the overall pattern of emigration from the Middle East and
subsequently away from MEI continued, MEI was given a brief respite
during the Lebanese Civil War and the Iranian Revolution. Families
who, for one reason or another, remained in the region opted to send
their children temporarily to MEI in order to spare them the hardships
of war. In the fall of 1980, for example, 108 children from Lebanon
and Iran were enrolled at MEI (78 from Lebanon and 30 from
Iran). However, this surge in enrollment was short lived (presently
only 40 students from both countries are enrolled in the school). In
other words, if not for the Lebanese civil war and the turbulence in
Iran, MEI would not have had sufficient enrollment to warrant its
existence as a viable institution in the late 1970s.

Despite the fact that the commitments made earlier by the alumni and
School Board were not realized and in order to give MEI one more
chance to prosper, the Board set aside its concerns again in order to
continue offering a residential-based educational setting. In fact, at
this time, in the mid-1980s, the Board took further steps and
attempted to make MEI as attractive as possible by expanding the
boarding facilities of the school, adding two modern buildings with a
capacity to lodge 350-400 students. The aim of the Central Board was
to provide MEI with the infrastructure to compete with Western schools
in order to attract a new generation of Armenian students whose
parents, particularly MEI alumni, had settled in the West.

At the close of the 1980s, MEI once again faced enrollment issues as
the conflict in Lebanon subsided, and the migration to the West
resumed. Within this context, it appeared unlikely that MEI would be
able to meet the Central Board’s earlier stipulated mandates, despite
substantial levels of scholarship aid extended to students. In fact,
MEI has been unable to attract more than 200 or so boarding students
after building those new facilities, a far cry from the anticipated
350-400 enrollment. In short, aspirations that Armenians who settled
in the West would send their children to MEI, or that alumni, who
lived primarily in Western countries, would support the school either
by enrolling their own children or grandchildren or by substantially
helping the school financially proved to be unrealistic and did not
materialize. Even with qualified and dedicated administrators at the
school, and the commitment and leadership of its successive school
boards over many years, MEI was not able to regain its earlier
prominence.

The 1990s: Redefining MEI Once Again

Following the collapse of the USSR, MEI was introduced to a potential
new student pool that could rejuvenate its declining ranks. The
acceptance of students from Eastern Europe, however, brought with it a
significant demographic shift: the once homogenous and primarily
Middle Eastern student body, which shared a common history and
cultural base, now became one of unquestionable diversity. While this
diversity was celebrated, it also created issues difficult to overcome
for ensuring a homogenous education to all MEI students.

During the 1990s, MEI’s enrollment of students from Albania, Armenia,
Bulgaria, Rumania and Russia rose noticeably. In fact, throughout this
period, students from these countries represented a substantial
proportion of all enrollments. While AGBU remained enthusiastic about
this development, it also viewed it as an opportunity to evaluate the
long-term viability of this new student composition and to examine
MEI’s role within the new context of the Armenian world.

MEI Today: Student Body Demographics

In autumn 2003, MEI’s enrollment of 206 students, came from 16
countries and brought with them various backgrounds, culture and
language skills. Almost 10 percent of the current student body is
non-Armenian. The largest numbers of students come from Cyprus and
Armenia, followed by Iran and then Bulgaria, Lebanon and Greece. While
a number of students hail from Cyprus, it must be noted that the large
majority of Cypriot Armenian parents, in fact, have chosen to enroll
their children in non-Armenian institutions.

The Central Board believes strongly that over time, the post-Soviet
countries will reach their respective levels of maturity and integrate
with the customs of the Western world. The Armenians in Bulgaria,
Rumania and Russia will most likely follow the patterns of Armenians
of North America or France, rather than those of former generations in
the Middle East. Providing education for a few students will not
sufficiently serve the needs of these former Soviet era
communities. These societies will benefit more from alternative local
programs that AGBU should help initiate and develop.

In regard to students from Armenia seeking an education at MEI, who
today represent more than 20 percent of MEI’s student body, AGBU will
continue to support the educational system in Armenia in its efforts
to promote high quality education there and encourage those students
to pursue their secondary education in the homeland.

Furthermore, the number of students from Lebanon, already greatly
reduced compared to prior decades, will continue to diminish. AGBU
maintains three schools in Lebanon that satisfy the academic
requirements of the region at a far more reasonable cost, particularly
since in recent years, the aggregate population of these schools has
been reduced by more than 50 percent of their initial capacity. These
schools are prepared to educate the handful of current Melkonian
students from Lebanon.

MEI students from Cyprus are provided a government subsidy for
education tuition and do not require a boarding school setting. In
fact, the majority of students from Cyprus are currently enrolled as
day students at MEI. Certainly, these students are entitled to quality
primary and secondary education. There are three primary Armenian
schools in Cyprus and the Central Board is considering various
alternatives to secure creditable secondary education for these
Cypriot Armenians.

MEI Today: Financial Considerations

MEI’s continuing deficit levels have been taken into consideration,
but have not been the primary issue of concern throughout the
evaluation process. AGBU has, instead, focused its attention on MEI’s
recent educational performance and its current ability to fulfill a
role similar to that which it fulfilled through the late 1960s. If
MEI’s current structure provided exceptional opportunities to its
students as it had done in the past, substantial subsidization under
those circumstances would be warranted. Unfortunately, this is not the
case, in spite of the diligent efforts of committed School Board
members, the Principal and the teaching staff.

Most MEI students do not cover the costs of attending the school even
though, compared to similar institutions in the area, MEI requires a
relatively much lower financial commitment. In 2002, only 18 percent
of the MEI student body covered their costs in full, while more than
40 percent did not pay for any of the costs and another 40 percent
paid only a limited portion.

The Central Board has assessed carefully MEI’s fiscal requirements
since the 1990s. For illustration purposes, as we review MEI’s budget
for 2003-2004, some major patterns to consider include:

> Annual Operating Projected Budgeted Expenses are 1,107,200 CYP for a
total of 206 students, including 149 boarding students.

> Projected total income is 498,000 CYP, which is 45 percent of the
school’s operating costs (this includes the Cypriot Government
subsidy of 66,900 CYP, income from other AGBU scholarship funds of
42,000 CYP and tuition and fees from parents of 300,000 CYP).

> AGBU’s subsidy of 609,200 CYP supports 55 percent of the operating
costs.

It is clear from these figures that substantial external funds are
necessary to operate MEI. On average, AGBU provided a subsidy of
approximately $6,000 for each student in 2003-2004.

The Central Board has taken significant steps to assess carefully
MEI’s recent performance, the continued challenge of demographic
shifts and their affect on the make up of the student body, and
finally the financial burdens of the institution. The Board has
decided and strongly believes that the greater Armenian community as a
whole would benefit more from a reallocation of the Melkonian
Brothers’ gift in the fulfillment of its mission of the preservation
of the Armenian heritage. New projects, consistent with the vision of
the Melkonian Brothers and the mission of AGBU, will be established
both in and outside of Cyprus.

The Melkonian Brothers’ Donation

The Melkonian Brothers entrusted their resources to AGBU and therefore
the Central Board must and will honor the philanthropists by ensuring
appropriate allocation of these resources. Over the years, AGBU has
carried the great responsibility of managing over 900 permanent
endowment bequests and donations to its organization. It becomes the
fiduciary duty of the organization, through its governing body – the
Central Board – to ensure that the income from such endowments is
directed to its intended purposes, meets the mission of the
organization and adapts as necessary to address the evolving demands
of Armenians throughout the world. Over the past century, many donors
have placed their trust and confidence in AGBU to manage and direct
resources in the most prudent and beneficial way possible. AGBU’s
success in carrying out its mission in the future lies in its ability
to attract and maintain the trust of its donors. The organization
cannot and will not ignore the requests of its past donors, especially
the Melkonian Brothers who stand apart as great benefactors.

Perpetuating the Melkonian Brothers Memory

Garabed and Krikor Melkonian were extraordinary figures of their day,
possessing immeasurable foresight and philanthropic motivations on
behalf of their fellow Armenians. They remain amongst the grandest of
all benefactors of our people today. The Melkonian brothers entrusted
to AGBU the responsibility of managing and directing the proceeds of
their gift and donation toward programs that can be of the highest,
most noble and far reaching value to all Armenians. In addition to
their gift of the MEI property in 1926, Garabed Melkonian in 1930
named AGBU in his will as the sole executor and beneficiary of his
estate. AGBU, through its Central Board, assumed full responsibility
for protecting the value of their bequest by ensuring that appropriate
resources were directed to the perpetuation of our Armenian heritage
through the education and advancement of generations of young
Armenians to come.

AGBU reconfirms its long-held view that “education” is the most
valuable tool in maintaining and strengthening the Armenian presence
and identity. In our current environment, we must carefully examine
who we are trying to educate, in what cultural settings they reside,
and what it takes to build and strengthen ties to a rich and glorious
heritage. New realities create new challenges: the Armenian language
may be spoken less and less by our younger generation, yet the spirit
among our youth remains as strong as ever. We must encourage this new
generation in preserving and promoting the Armenian language and
heritage throughout the 21st Century. AGBU will also continue to
dedicate efforts to Armenians living in Armenia, as the new nation
requires considerable financial and moral support.

In assessing its educational mission, AGBU has realized that about 90
percent of young Armenians in the Diaspora are not enrolled in
Armenian schools. There are roughly 2.5 million Armenians in Diaspora
locations where AGBU is active-at least 400,000 or so are estimated to
be school-aged children. At best, we believe that only 10 percent are
enrolled in Armenian schools. Given this situation, AGBU must also
consider how to reach out to the remaining 90 percent of Armenian
youth not enrolled in Armenian schools. The Central Board strongly
believes the Melkonian Brothers would expect the AGBU leadership to
engage in such bold thinking so that its future programs would have a
significant effect on the entire Armenian community, similar to the
impact MEI had during its earlier years.

Alternative Initiatives

In addition to its existing educational and various other
groundbreaking programs, AGBU has already learned through its
experiences what it takes to attract and meet the aspirations of our
younger generation. Our Young Professionals network, summer internship
programs, summer camps, Saturday schools, evening Armenian language
classes, quality programs in the arts, lectures and publications in
foreign languages promoting the Armenian culture are making steady and
positive progress in captivating our young in unique ways. It is
essential for the advancement and evolution of Armenians in the
Diaspora to explore and establish more innovative programs throughout
the world. We must think globally and locally by creating mentoring
programs and infusing Armenian-based curriculum and extracurricular
activities in non-Armenian schools and universities. In these
fast-changing times, we must explore the great opportunities afforded
to us through modern technology, such as the Internet, and take
advantage of the vast possibilities available in Armenia such as
establishing study and travel programs for our Diasporan youth there.

While deliberating its difficult decision regarding the future of MEI,
the Central Board considered various alternative programs, designed to
reach out to a larger number of Armenians and further enhance the
purpose of the Melkonian Brothers’ gift.

The Central Board believes that one of the strongest approaches for
helping Armenians throughout the Diaspora maintain their identity and
heritage is through their relationship to Armenia. Maintaining the
Armenian language and traditions will continue to be a difficult task
as future generations become more dispersed and integrated with other
cultures. Despite these changes in our Diasporan community, Armenia
will remain the foundation bonding young Armenians to their heritage.

For example, the establishment of a large and prominent facility in
Armenia, to be known as the Melkonian Educational Center, can offer
programs for learning, enrichment and cultural identity to a large
number of young Armenians from around the world. Such a Center would
house modern facilities to accommodate hundreds of individuals at any
given time, thereby attracting our young generation in multitudes
throughout the year. By including state-of-the-art linguistics and
computer labs, offering extensive courses, and providing recreational
programs in Armenia, this Center could prove to be most beneficial in
the preservation of our heritage as it would reach out to a diverse
range of Armenians throughout the Diaspora, providing greater
immersion in the Armenian culture. This is one possibility that will
be given further serious and detailed consideration by the Central
Board.

Another option is to offer the Diaspora opportunities for education in
Armenia, such as study-abroad or exchange programs, for young
Armenians at the American University of Armenia, Yerevan State
University and other centers of higher learning.

In Cyprus, the Central Board is considering a Melkonian presence by
maintaining a Melkonian High School for the local resident community.
As well, the Central Board is exploring the establishment of a
Melkonian Center for Armenian Research and Studies.

As a token of gratitude and appreciation for the hospitality that MEI
has enjoyed for almost a century in Cyprus, other options may include
the initiation of a joint project in conjunction with local Cypriot
institutions, such as the University of Cyprus or other major European
academic institutions, for the establishment of a Center for European
& Ethnic Studies that would offer educational programs to all
Cypriots, including Armenians, under the banner of the Melkonian
Institute.

Since the fall of the Soviet Union resulted in a large demographic
shift in the Diasporan Armenian movement, attention must be given to
the needs of Armenians in Russia and Northern and Eastern Europe at
this crucial time. AGBU has been called upon to meet these challenges
and the Central Board has deemed it essential to evaluate the need for
new educational programs and centers to preserve and perpetuate the
Armenian culture, language and history amongst those living in these
regions.

In order to pursue the feasibility and implementation of these various
alternative initiatives, the AGBU Central Board will soon appoint an
advisory committee to consider any and all suggestions that might be
submitted in this regard.

* * *

The decision of the Central Board regarding the future of MEI has been
a difficult one to reach. MEI has been a concern of the Central Board
throughout the past 30 years. The public should be assured that each
and every member who has served on the Central Board throughout this
time has struggled with this issue and is aware of the seriousness
with which we have approached the matter. We recognize fully the
concerns of many, but we expect that, in time, our decision will prove
to be the correct path for the benefit of the greater community in
pursuit of our goals to maintain and perpetuate our Armenian heritage
in a fast-changing new global society.

In closing, we would like to thank all our donors, loyal members and
supportive friends for their trust in the work of AGBU for nearly a
century. We are confident that our programs will continue to enrich
the lives of Armenians throughout the world.

AGBU Central Board of Directors
New York, NY

March 16, 2004

***NOTE: A PDF version of this text in English and Armenian is
available for download at ***

www.agbu.org
www.agbu.org
www.agbu.org

Ajaria crisis to affect Armenian economy – paper

Ajaria crisis to affect Armenian economy – paper

Azg, Yerevan
17 Mar 04

Text of Tatul Akopyan report by Armenian newspaper Azg on 17 March
headlined “Saakashvili promises to gain a victory over Abashidze in
two weeks”

Georgian President Mikheil Saakashvili’s ultimatum to Ajarian leader
Aslan Abashidze expired on Monday [15 March]. Following tension
between the Georgian and Ajarian authorities after President Mikheil
Saakashvili proposed abolishing the Ajarian ministry of state security
and demanded that the autonomous republic’s leader Aslan Abashidze
detain those who attacked an opposition rally on 20 February,
Saakashvili presented Abashidze with an ultimatum to accept his
demands, otherwise “severe repressive measures will be taken”.

Moreover, as he was barred from entering Ajaria, Saakashvili added
more points to his ultimatum, the first of them being to allow him
(Saakashvili) to travel freely on the territory of the autonomous
republic to meet his voters (parliamentary elections in Georgia are
expected on 28 March).

Saakashvili also wanted to “disarm illegal armed groups” of 1,500
guerrillas in Ajaria and to allow the central authorities of Georgia
to “carry out their duties in the autonomous republic and control the
region’s borders and customs”, particularly the port of Batumi and the
Sarpi checkpoint between Georgia and Turkey. As was expected, Aslan
Abashidze did not give in to Tbilisi’s pressure and rejected the
ultimatum. An economic blockade was imposed on the defiant region of
Georgia on Monday with the Georgian navy barring ships from entering
the port of Batumi and the authorities freezing all the bank accounts
of Ajarian banks and organizations linked to the Ajarian
authorities. Air and sea communications were also cut off in a move
that Saakashvili described as a bid “to exhaust the Ajarian regime’s
resources in two weeks”. “In two weeks the Ajarian leadership’s
resources will be exhausted as a result of these sanctions,”
Saakashvili added, saying that “this is the first time that Georgia
has used these measures”.

The closure of the port of Batumi will have its direct impact on the
everyday market of the three South Caucasus countries, for most of the
products coming from Europe are sent, for example, to Armenia via the
port of Batumi. Anxiety about a possible fall in the volume of
products coming into Armenia was voiced by Armenian President Robert
Kocharyan at yesterday’s news conference where the Armenian leader
expressed the hope that the Ajarian and Georgian authorities will to
negotiate ways out of the current situation as soon as possible.

Fuel, grain, sugar, construction materials and various household goods
are shipped to Armenia via the port of Batumi. If the port stops
operating, this will naturally lead to a rise in the prices of
different products in Armenia.