Armenian Courts Allowed To Challenge Utility Fees

ARMENIAN COURTS ALLOWED TO CHALLENGE UTILITY FEES
By Astghik Bedevian

Radio Liberty, Czech Rep.
Jan 16 2007

In a largely symbolic setback for the government, Armenia’s
Constitutional Court rescinded on Tuesday a legal provision preventing
citizens from challenging utility tariffs set by state regulators in
lower courts.

Acting on an appeal filed by 30 parliamentarians, the court declared
unconstitutional a relevant clause in an Armenian law regulating the
work of the Public Services Regulatory Commission (PSRC).

The state body has the exclusive authority to set the price of
electricity, gas and other utilities. Under the existing law, its
decisions are not subject to any appeal.

The legal challenge against it was initiated late last month
by the opposition Orinats Yerkir party of former parliament
speaker Artur Baghdasarian which says the existing utility fees are
disproportionately high. The move was widely construed as the start of
Orinats Yerkir’s preparations for this year’s parliamentary elections.

Making the plaintiffs’ case in the court, Hovannes Markarian, an
Orinats Yerkir lawmaker, said the PSRC should have revised the utility
prices downwards given the dramatic appreciation of the national
currency, the dram, in recent years. He said Armenians should be able
to stop utility companies making extra profits at their expense.

But lawyers from the Armenian parliament’s staff defended the
controversial legal clause. "As an independent state body, the Public
Service Regulatory Commission is not accountable to any branch of
government," one of them, Ashot Khachatrian, said. "Therefore, we
believe that the impossibility of appealing against tariffs in no
way violates the constitution and the principle of the separation
of powers."

The nine judges of the Constitutional Court rejected these arguments
after three hours of deliberations. However, their ruling will not
necessarily have practical consequences as Armenian courts of first
instance will still be unable to set any prices. Lawyers the courts
can now only advise the PSRC to reconsider its decisions.

Armenia Fund USA Welcomes Raffi Festekjian as New Chairman

Armenia Fund USA, Inc.
80 Mainden Lane, S-301
New York, NY 10038, U.S.A.
T/1-212-689-5307
F/1-212-689-5317
E-mail: [email protected]

Armenia Fund USA Welcomes Raffi Festekjian as New
Chairman of the Fund

NEW YORK, New York – Armenia Fund USA is pleased to announce that Raffi
Festekjian, co-founder and CEO of PCi Corporation and a Member of Armenia
Fund USA Board of Directors, will succeed Kevork Toroyan as Chairman of the
organization beginning January 2007. Unanimously elected by the Board of
Directors, Raffi, a successful and visionary businessman who is very
actively involved in outreach to Armenia, is taking the leadership of the
Fund at a busy and important time. Armenia Fund, with its 20 international
affiliates in all continents of the world, is marking the anniversary of the
organization’s 15-year presence and development work in Armenia and Karabakh
since the republic’s independence in 1991. Established in 1992 by a special
presidential decree of the newborn independent republic’s first president,
for already 15 years Armenia Fund has been investing in one of the most
vital economic sectors of the country – large-scale socio-economic
infrastructure. Securing long-term sustainable development in every project
sponsored, the Fund has had an outstanding impact on the lives of countless
citizens of Armenia and Karabakh.

As co-founder and CEO of PCi, a leading provider of compliance solutions to
the financial services industry, Mr. Festekjian is responsible for the
overall strategic direction of the company. Under his leadership, PCi has
become one of the largest IT corporations with over 2500 clients, including
95 of top 100 institutions in the United States. Prior to co-founding PCi,
Mr. Festekjian was a consultant and investment banker at Kellett Ventures
Management and Private Capital Investments where he aided capital deficient
community banks through operations consulting and recapitalizing on sale of
the institution. Mr. Festekjian received a BS in Engineering from American
University of Beirut and an MBA, with distinction, from the J.L. Kellogg
Graduate School of Management.

Mr. Festekjian’s staunch support for Armenia and Karabakh is present in his
professional, as well as personal endeavors. In addition to his professional
activities, he is also engaged with several non-profit organizations that
are focused on building the future of Armenia. In 2004, he co-founded
Yerazart, an organization that assists talented young Armenian artists in
Armenia. Raffi is also the Chairman of Armenian St. Stephens School Board of
Trustees in Boston, a Board Member of Armenia 2020, Vem Radio and a Trustee
of the Armenian Assembly of America.

Armenia Fund USA Board of Directors and staff look forward to working with
Raffi as the organization advances its mission of touching lives in Armenia
and Karabakh.

"After seven years of my involvement in the Fund, with the last four years
as Chairman, I am convinced that it is time to pass the torch to younger
leadership, who, I am convinced, will take the Fund’s mission to new
horizons" said Kevork Toroyan, now former Chairman of the Fund. Noting that
change of leadership will not distance, but instead strengthen his devotion
to the organization, Mr. Toroyan also pledged his professional commitment
and oversight to the Fund’s agricultural development project that, launched
in the spring of 2005, is making tangible improvements in the lives of
underserved rural communities throughout Karabakh. An engineer by profession
with extensive institutional experience in international construction
business, Mr. Toroyan’s leadership and guidance have been instrumental in
the success of this pilot innovative development project.

Armenia Fund USA, with its international affiliates, has had strong and
measurable impact on the development of Karabakh and Armenia since
independence. The organization remains the largest contributor to
socio-economic development projects there since 1992, having invested more
than $160 million in large-scale infrastructure.

ABOUT ARMENIA FUND USA, founded in 1992, was one of the first of Hayastan
All-Armenian Fund’s 19 international affiliates and serves constituents in
all states east of the Mississippi. As a non-profit, non-governmental,
nonsectarian organization, the Fund represents all Armenian constituents.
Armenia Fund USA is the largest contributor among the 19 international
affiliates – supporting strategic infrastructure projects in Armenia and
Karabakh. The Fund has adopted a policy to go "Beyond Bricks and Mortar" to
provide sustainability for projects it sponsors.

http://www.armeniafundusa.org

Deputy Justice Minister Comments on Mkrtchyan vs Armenia Case

Panorama.am

17:15 13/01/2007

DEPUTY JUSTICE MINISTER COMMENTS ON MKRTCHYAN VS. ARMENIA CASE

On January 11 the European Court made a ruling on Armenia. `Lazarian
vs. Armenia’ case ended in favor of applicant Armen Lazarian. The
court ruled out that, in fact, the European Convention was violated.

The applicant demanded 5000 euro as a fine but the court ruled out
that the recognition of the fact of violation is a moral
compensation. Armen Lazarian was subjected to administrative
punishment for the participation in a demonstration. The court fined
Lazarian in the amount of 500 drams and Lazarian applied to the
European Court saying article 11 of the European Convention was
violated.

Panorama.am interviewed Gevorg Kostanyan, deputy minister of justice
who is also the government representative in the European Court, on
the case.

-Mr. Kostanyan, did the Republic of Armenia expect such a ruling?
-Yes and no. `Lazarian vs. Armenia’ case opened at the European Court
in 2003. The ruling is based on one fact: the European Court decided
that after the collapse of the Soviet Union the old law on
demonstration and marches was not effective in RA. In fact the ruling
did not make in major changes since the new law on demonstration and
marches was adopted in 2004 in Armenia. We can say that Armenia
complied with the decision of the European Court still in 2004. The
government predicted such a danger and took necessary measures to
avoid similar circumstances.

-What did the ruling give to the applicant? The applicant may apply
-to Review Court in RA after the ruling of the European Court. Last
-year the Armenian government decided that the ruling of the European
-court may be reviewed in Review Court. I do not know if the applicant
-will use this right.

-Mr. Kostanyan, if the main reason for ruling was the absence of law,
couldn’t the European Court take a different decision taken the fact
that a new law is already existent? -The Court may decide that
democratization processes have taken place in the country. We notified
the court that a respective law is in place and similar situations
will not be repeated. The European Court welcomed that but again ruled
at that at that particular moment a human right was violated.

Source: Panorama.am

44 Secondary Schools of Yerevan To Be Reconstructed This Year

44 SECONDARY SCHOOLS OF YEREVAN TO BE RECONSTRUCTED THIS YEAR WITH
STATE BUDGET RESOURCES

YEREVAN, JANUARY 10, NOYAN TAPAN. 44 secondary schools under
subjection of the Yerevan Mayor’s Office will be reconstructed with
the 2007 state budget financing. As Onik Vatian, the Mayor’s Office
Education Department Chief informed the Noyan Tapan correspondent, 3.7
bln drams (about 10.4 mln U.S. dollars) will be allocated for those
works. In his words, 17 schools were the previous year, fundamentally
reconstructed in the capital with 1.2 bln drams, 4 schools were
fundamentally reconstructed with the Mayor’s Office and Social Fund
financing, 5 schools were reconstructed with benefactors’ financing.

O.Vatian mentioned that it is envisaged this year to implement
reconstruction works of schools with resources of the Social Fund as
well.

New York Life Insurance Compensates Money Through HSBC Bank

Panorama.am

18:31 11/01/2007

NEW YORK LIFE INSURANCE COMPENSATES MONEY THROUGH HSBC BANK

American NEW YORK LIFE INSURANCE, that took the
responsibility to compensate the victims of 1915
Genocide who were insured with the company, delayed to
announce how it is exactly going to make the
compensation.

A citizen called Panorama.am a few days ago saying he
has information according to which the Reconciliation
Foundation Board has assigned HSBC Armenia to organize
the compensation process.

HSBC approved the information saying, `The money has
been transferred and we are in the process of
delivering to citizens.’

HSBC says the money is distributed according to lists
provided by Reconciliation Foundation Board. The bank
assured it will make a public announcement in the
media soon.

Source: Panorama.am

In der Turkei ist die Debatte schon weiter

Die Tageszeitung,
taz Nr. 8173 vom 12.1.2007

"In der Türkei ist die Debatte schon weiter"

Der Linksparteipolitiker Hakki Keskin hat den Völkermord an den
Armeniern 1915 angezweifelt – und einen Skandal provoziert. Das
Wichtige aber passiert in der Türkei, wo sich das Armenien-Tabu
lockert, meint Cem Özdemir

taz: Herr Özdemir, der Ex-Chef der türkischen Gemeinde und
Linksparteipolitiker Hakki Keskin behauptet, dass es "keine Belege für
einen Völkermord" an den Armeniern in der Türkei 1915 gebe. Hat er
Recht?

Cem Özdemir: Die Mehrheit der Historiker bezeichnet das, was 1915
passierte, als Völkermord. Und es gibt keinen seriösen Historiker, der
zweifelt, dass es 1915 zumindest ethnische Säuberungen gab. Gerade
linke Politiker sollten Empathie für die Opfer zeigen und dem
Nationalismus eine Absage erteilen. Das sieht man bei der Linkspartei
offenbar anders. Die Linkspartei soll ein ganz großes Bündnis sein,
bei dem sich PKK-Sympathisanten als auch türkische Nationalisten wohl
fühlen können.

Die Linksfraktion hat jüngst erklärt, dass es einen "Völkermord" an
den Armeniern gab: Das ist doch eindeutig.

Trotzdem: Die PDS kalkuliert doch bewusst mit Figuren wie Keskin, um
nationalistische türkischstämmige Wähler einzusammeln – und versucht
gleichzeitig ultralinke PKK-Sympathisanten zu gewinnen. Ich würde mich
nicht wundern, wenn sie demnächst noch einen Vertreter der armenischen
Diaspora aufstellt.

Es geht aber nicht nur um die Linkspartei. Keskin sagt, was die
Mehrheit der Deutschtürken denkt. Kein Wunder, dass türkische Gemeinde
und Ditib sich mit ihm solidarisieren.

Die repräsentieren nicht automatisch die Mehrheit der
Deutschtürken. Aber ich glaube, wir sollten die Debatte vom Begriff
des Völkermordes zunächst lösen. Denn das führt zu falschen
Solidarisierungen. Wenn man sagt, dass sich 1915 schreckliche Dinge
ereignet haben, stößt man in der türkischen Community viel eher auf
offene Ohren. Mein Freund Hrant Dink schrieb mal: "Wenn die Armenier
heute noch leben würden, wäre Van das Paris des Ostens". Dies
verstehen auch konservative Türken, weil sie wissen, dass es stimmt.

Dass sich 1915 Schreckliches ereignet hat, leugnen weder Keskin noch
der türkische Staat. Sie sagen: Es sind hunderttausende Armenier
gestorben, aber auch viele Türken. Es gab keine geplante Vernichtung,
die Armenier wurden letztlich zufällig Opfer der Verhältnisse im
Ersten Weltkrieg.

Aber Sie müssen doch sehen, dass sich in der Türkei derzeit viel
ändert. In Fernsehdiskussion treten auch armenische Journalisten und
Publizisten auf. Dort gibt es vorsichtige Lockerungsübungen, die bei
der türkischen und übrigens auch der armenischen Diaspora in
Deutschland noch nicht richtig angekommen sind. In der Türkei ist man
mitunter weiter als die Keskins hierzulande, die noch immer altes
Denken verbreiten. In der Türkei werden heutzutage in TV-Debatten
Positionen vertreten, mit denen ich hierzulande in der türkischen
Community manchmal auf Unverständnis stoße.

Überschätzen Sie den Öffnungsprozess in Türkei nicht? Wer dort von
Genozid an den Armeniern redet, kommt doch immer noch vor Gericht!

Aber sie werden, anders als vor ein paar Jahren, nicht mehr
verurteilt. Ich bin überzeugt: In zehn Jahren wird sich die offizielle
Haltung der Türkei zu 1915 ganz weitgehend verändert haben.

Woher der Optimismus?

Die Türkei hat auch ihre Haltung zu den antigriechischen Pogromen 1955
revidiert. Auch die Tatsache, dass es für die jüdische Minderheit
während des Zweiten Weltkrieges eine Kopfsteuer gab, wird nicht mehr
tabuisiert – es laufen Filme darüber im TV. So wird es auch eine
Neubewertung von 1915 geben – angestoßen nicht primär von der
Regierung, sondern der Zivilgesellschaft. Die Akteure dieser
Zivilgesellschaft müssen wir stärken. Was den Begriff Völkermord
angeht, so teile ich die Ansicht meines armenischstämmigen Freundes
Etyen Mahcupyan, der gesagt hat: Die Türkei sollte anerkennen, dass es
ein Völkermord war – und Armenien sollte aufhören, darauf zu beharren,
dass die Türkei den Völkermord anerkennt.

Ein salomonische Haltung. Keskin und andere fordern dagegen immer
wieder eine türkisch-armenische Historikerkommission. Das erinnert ein
wenig an den iranischen Präsidenten Ahmadinedschad, der ja auch erst
mal nachgewiesen haben möchte, dass es den Holocaust wirklich
gab. Dient diese Forderung also nicht dazu, die historischen Fakten
auf ewig mit einem Fragezeichen zu versehen?

Nein, die Forderung ist nicht nur falsch. Dieser Vorschlag stammt
ursprünglich von damaligen armenischen Präsidenten Ter-Petrosjan, der
eine Verständigung mit der Türkei wollte. Die Türkei hat den Vorschlag
in den frühen 90er-Jahren brüsk abgelehnt. Ter-Petrosjan zielte mit
dieser Kommission auf einen Prozess, der die Öffnung der Grenzen
zwischen der Türkei und Armenien eingeschlossen hätte. Er hat später
jedoch die Wahl verloren – auch weil er als zu türkenfreundlich
galt. Jetzt hat sich der türkische Premier Erdogan die Forderung nach
der Historikerkommission zu eigen gemacht, und nun knüpfen die
Armenier die Kommission an Bedingungen. Aber – in der
türkisch-armenischen Beziehung ist diese Kommission nicht obsolet.

Also wäre so eine Kommission sinnvoll?

Ja, weil sie es der Türkei erleichtern könnte, die Ereignisse von 1915
neu zu bewerten. Wir übersehen oft, dass die freie, offene Debatte der
Bürgergesellschaft für die Türkei etwas Neues ist. Armenien war dort
bis vor kurzem noch ein Tabuthema, über das gar nicht geredet wurde –
oder wenn, dann nur in Propagandafloskeln. Alles, was mehr Aufklärung
bringt, ist nützlich.

Dann hat Keskin in diesem Punkt also Recht?

Ja – aber nur, wenn er die Forderung nach der Historikerkommission mit
der Forderung nach der Abschaffung des Paragrafen 301 verbindet, der
die Meinungsfreiheit einschränkt. Zudem muss die türkische Grenze zu
Armenien geöffnet werden, und die Diskriminierung von Christen, auch
armenischen, in der Türkei muss aufhören. Als Teil dieses Prozesses
kann eine Kommission sinnvoll sein.

Wie soll man in Europa mit den Leugnern des Verbrechens von 1915
verfahren? In Frankreich steht die Leugnung des Genozids unter
Strafe. In den Niederlanden müssen alle türkischstämmigen Politiker
bekunden, dass sie den Genozid anerkennen. Ist das richtig?

Nein. Gesetze wie in Frankreich führen zu falschen
Solidarisierungen. Die Falken in der Türkei haben das französische
Gesetz als Rechtfertigung benutzt, um ihren Paragrafen 301 zu
verteidigen. Nach dem Motto: Dort muss man Genozid sagen, bei uns darf
man es nicht sagen. In den Niederlanden müssen Kandidaten einzig und
allein aufgrund ihrer Herkunft eine Erklärung zur Armenierfrage
abgeben. Das ist falsch. Oder Belgien: Warum soll man von jemandem,
der als Politiker in Brüssel für Städtebau zuständig ist, eine solche
Erklärung einfordern? Nur weil seine Vorfahren aus dieser Region
kommen? So schafft man doch gerade erst ethnische Zuordnungen. Und
genau das sollte linke Politik doch vermeiden.

Also soll man Keskin kritisieren, ihm aber keine Sanktionen androhen?
Ist das nicht ziemlich milde?

Mit Gesetzen wie in Frankreich ist jedenfalls nichts gewonnen. Was man
aber insbesondere von linken Politikern erwarten darf, ist, dass sie
sich nicht zum Instrument des Nationalismus machen. Auch nicht des
türkischen.

INTERVIEW: STEFAN REINECKE

taz Nr. 8173 vom 12.1.2007, Seite 12, 239 Interview STEFAN REINECKE

© Contrapress media GmbH
Vervielfältigung nur mit Genehmigung des taz-Verlags

Mika Prepares For New Competition Season

MIKA PREPARES FOR NEW COMPETITION SEASON

YEREVAN, JANUARY 11, NOYAN TAPAN. From January 8, Armenian football
cup-winner and super cup-winner, Ashtarak Mika holds a teaching and
training gathering in its newly built sports complex. Changes are
expected in the team: it may be replenished with Brazilian
football-players. From January 28, Mika will hold a two-week gathering
in Sochi, then will continue training in Yerevan.

The last preparation stage will be held in Turkey on March 4-18.

Georgia Refuses To Buy Armenian Electricity

GEORGIA REFUSES TO BUY ARMENIAN ELECTRICITY

Armenpress
Jan 11 2007

YEREVAN, JANUARY 11, ARMENPRESS: Georgian authorities did not reconfirm
a previously made bid for buying electricity from Armenia. Late
last year Georgian officials had asked Armenia to supply it with 200
megawatt of electricity in 2007.

A spokeswoman for Armenian energy ministry Lusine Harutunian said
the Georgia side refused to sign a new agreement without giving
explanations.

She said Armenia produces now as much electricity as it needs and
may step up production in case of extra demand.

She said also Georgia has already announced a tender to choose
a company that will build the Georgian section of Armenia-Georgia
power transmission line. Ms. Harutunian added that Armenia will also
announce a tender soon for construction of its part of the line.

European Court Faults Yerevan In Landmark Ruling

EUROPEAN COURT FAULTS YEREVAN IN LANDMARK RULING
By Ruzanna Stepanian

Radio Liberty, Czech Rep.
Jan 11 2007

In a first-ever ruling relating to Armenia, the European Court of
Human Rights on Thursday declared illegal the arrest of an Armenian
opposition activist who helped to organize an anti-government
demonstration more than four years ago.

The landmark judgment will raise fresh questions about the legality
of hundreds of similar arrests that have accompanied the Armenian
government’s controversial crackdowns on the opposition in recent
years.

The plaintiff, Armen Mkrtchian, was detained by the police along
with several other members of the radical opposition Hanrapetutyun
(Republic) party after actively participating in an unsanctioned
rally in Yerevan on May 14, 2002. He was released after being fined
a largely symbolic 500 drams ($1.5) under Armenia’s Soviet-era
Administrative Code.

Mkrtchian took his case to the Strasbourg-based court in November
2002, arguing that the Armenian authorities can not sanction anyone
for attending street protests in the absence of a law regulating the
constitutionally guaranteed freedom of assembly.

Armenia enacted such a law only in 2004. Until then, the Armenian
government invoked Soviet-era regulations that required government
permission for the holding of rallies and other public gatherings.

Mkrtchian and his lawyer insist that those can not have a legal force
in modern-day Armenia.

A panel of seven European Court judges, among them Armenian Alvina
Gyulumian, unanimously accepted the 35-year-old oppositionist’s
arguments, ruling that his brief detention violated a key article of
the European Convention on Human Rights which takes precedence over
all Armenian laws and government directives. Yerevan signed up to
the convention when it joined the Council of Europe in January 2001.

The Strasbourg court cited a lack of "domestic provision which clearly
stated whether the former USSR laws remained or did not remain in force
on the territory of Armenia." Its did not impose any penalties on the
Armenian state, saying that the "finding of a violation constituted
in itself sufficient just satisfaction for any non-pecuniary damage
sustained by the applicant."

Mkrtchian, who did not seek any material compensation, said he is fully
satisfied with the ruling. "The main purpose of my application was
to show our judges and rulers that they must honor their obligations
to the Council of Europe," he told RFE/RL. "They will now be more
vigilant. I have kind of cleared the way for similar legal challenges
against illegalities committed in our country."

The Armenian Justice Ministry, which fought the government’s corner in
Strasbourg, declined comment. A spokeswoman said Justice Minister David
Harutiunian is too "busy" to immediately react to the development.

The Armenian authorities used the Administrative Code to arrest
hundreds of opposition supporters and activists during the presidential
elections of February-March 2003 and the April-May 2004 opposition
campaign of street protests against President Robert Kocharian. Many
of them were sentenced to between five and fifteen days’ imprisonment
in closed overnight trials condemned by local and Western human
rights groups.

The Council of Europe has repeatedly criticized the practice of
so-called "administrative detentions," leading the authorities in
Yerevan to abolish it last year.

Georgia Will Not Refuse From Kars-Akhalkalai Railway Despite US Posi

GEORGIA WILL NOT REFUSE FROM KARS-AKHALKALAI RAILWAY DESPITE US POSITION

PanARMENIAN.Net
10.01.2007 18:42 GMT+04:00

/PanARMENIAN.Net/ The Kars-Akhalkalai railway will be constructed
despite US Congress position, stated Georgian Prime Minister
Gela Bezhuashvili today after the end of the session of Georgian
government. ""The USA has the sovereign right to make such decisions.

Washington refuses to finance the project, but that will be no problem,
the finance may be obtained from other sources," Bejuashvili said.

It’s worth reminding, today Matthew Bryza, the US Deputy Assistant
Secretary of State and OSCE MG American Co-Chair said that he is
against the perception, that the United States opposes to the
Kars-Akhalkalaki-Tbilisi-Baku railway project after president
George Bush signed the law, which bans to finance that project. In
his words, the United States has always supported projects aimed at
strengthening transportation ties. "We are trying to develop projects,
I am repeating, all the projects, which include all the states along
East-West corridor. Of course, we would like the railway, which
connects Turkey with Baku, to pass through Armenia, since it reflects
our policy. Second, from economic point of view it is more expedient
to connect Turkey and Georgia through Armenian territory. But we
cannot make decisions on that issue. Investors themselves push forward
investment plans, which are more profitable for them. If Azerbaijan,
Turkey and Georgia want to construct a railway, of course, we cannot
object. But we do not particularly support that project. We hope
that in near future we will see such a transportation scheme, which
includes all the countries of the region," said Bryza.