ՀՀ-ն աջակցում է Եգիպտոսին ԵԱՏՄ-ի ազատ առևտրի համաձայնագրի շուրջ բանակցություններում. ԱԳՆ

  • 22.08.2019
  •  

  • Հայաստան
  •  

 115

Օգոստոսի 21-ին ԱԳ նախարար Զոհրաբ Մնացականյանը հեռախոսազրույց ունեցավ ԵԱՀ ԱԳ նախարար Սամեհ Շուքրիի հետ, որի ընթացքում կողմերը քննարկեցին երկկողմ օրակարգին առնչվող հարցեր: Այս մասին հայտնում են ԱԳՆ-ի մամուլի ծառայությունից:


Երկու երկրների արտգործնախարարները կարևորեցին քաղաքական երկխոսության ակտիվացման, փոխադարձ բարձրաստիճան այցելությունների և արտաքին քաղաքական գերատեսչությունների միջև պարբերական խորհրդակցությունների անցկացման դերը երկկողմ հարաբերությունների զարգացման համատեքստում:


Զրուցակիցները գոհունակությամբ նշեցին, որ երկու երկրների միջև առկա է արդյունավետ համագործակցություն ինչպես երկկողմ, այնպես էլ բազմակողմ հարթակներում: ՀՀ ԱԳ նախարարը վերահաստատեց Հայաստանի աջակցությունը Եգիպտոսին ԵԱՏՄ-Եգիպտոս ազատ առևտրի համաձայնագրի շուրջ բանակցությունների առնչությամբ:

Amulsar gold mine case: Why only Lydian Armenia company involved in expert study as party?

News.am, Armenia
Aug 26 2019
Amulsar gold mine case: Why only Lydian Armenia company involved in expert study as party? Amulsar gold mine case: Why only Lydian Armenia company involved in expert study as party?

13:49, 26.08.2019
                  

YEREVAN. – The report by ELARD, which conducted a comprehensive expertise study on the Amulsar gold mine case, states that the assessments are flawed, the relevant conclusions are unreliable, and it’s not possible to answer the question as to whether the overall operation of the mine can be considered safe. Yura Ivanyan, head of the Amulsar investigative team of Armenia, stated about this at a press conference on Monday.

When asked, “Environmentalists are raising a question that, after this, how do you claim that there is no issue?” Ivanyan responded as follows:

“The system of measures that need to prevent risks and the mitigation measures which Lydian [Armenia company] has foreseen have been assessed reasonable by experts are pushed to the foreground; and if these measures are implemented properly, then the environmental risks will be manageable. And if the environmental risks are manageable, it means there is no harm so that we once more measure to what extent the [environmental] damage is.”

Asked whether the Investigative Committee of Armenia had discussed the results of the examination with experts and why solely Lydian is included in the examination as an interested party, Ivanyan said as follows:

“The Investigative Committee has discussed and analyzed Lydian’s explanations, submitted justifications and arguments with other factual data obtained in the criminal case. As for Lydian being included as a party, the Criminal Procedure Code [of Armenia] considers it mandatory to include the interested party in the case. That is, we are dealing with the implementation of the positive right of the state, and the state must ensure all possible means so that the given party will have the opportunity to present its explanations, justifications.

“The state body— that is, the Investigative Committee—will conduct an investigation to determine whether or not there is a violation of the interests of citizens, the state, the society. The inclusion of a non-governmental organization, or a resident, as a party calls into question that in that case, what function the state body carries out.”

Head of the Amulsar investigative team concluded that the final assessment will be made by the body conducting the proceedings.

On August 14, the Investigative Committee of Armenia publicized the results of the comprehensive audit report which was commissioned to the Advanced Resources Development (ELARD) Lebanese consultancy firm, and regarding any likelihood of environmental risks from the exploitation of the Amulsar gold-bearing quartzite mine.

The results have showed that there are no paths for groundwater flow and transmission of pollution from the Amulsar Project area to the Jermuk thermal hot water springs, plus the impact on the Arpa, Darb and Vorotan rivers near the Amulsar area is uncertain because this impact is not quantifiable.

Also, the conclusion noted 16 points which, if maintained, will make the Amulsar mine-related environmental risks manageable.

Pashinyan holds farewell meeting with EU Ambassador

Pashinyan holds farewell meeting with EU Ambassador

Save

Share

19:12,

YEREVAN, AUGUST 21, ARMENPRESS. Prime Minister of Armenia Nikol Pashinyan received on August 21 outgoing Head of EU Delegation to Armenia, Ambassador Piotr Switalski.

As ARMENPRESS was informed from the Office of the Prime Minister of Armenia, the Prime Minister highly appreciated Ambassador Switalski’s diplomatic activity in terms of promoting EU-Armenia relations and attached importance to his contribution to democratic processes underway in our country.

“I would like to thank you for your tenure-long efforts and your support of the reform process in Armenia, which was very important and effective. We see in you a friend of Armenia, the friend of democracy in Armenia, a friend of the Government of Armenia and the Armenian people. The scope of cooperation between Armenia and the European Union has considerably broadened following the revolution in our country. The EU is a reliable and important partner for Armenia, and I am confident that our bilateral cooperation will be even more effective in the future,” Nikol Pashinyan said.

Ambassador Piotr Switalski thanked Prime Minister Pashinyan for his kind remarks and appreciation, noting that it was a honor for him to implement the diplomatic service in Armenia.

“My diplomatic mission in Armenia was an important experience in both professional and personal terms. Cooperation with Armenia is as much important for the European Union, and the EU will continue to back Armenia’s progress along the path of democratic reforms,” Piotr Switalski said.

The parties exchanged views on EU-Armenia cooperation agenda, touching upon the dynamics of bilateral relations, the ongoing joint programs and the initiatives implemented after the Velvet Revolution.

Sanitek CEO says company ready to make $4 million investment

Panorama, Armenia
Aug 2 2019
Economy 14:44 02/08/2019 Armenia

Sanitek Armenia, the Yerevan waste management company, has no political affiliation, Sanitec CEO Nicholas Tawil stated during an online news conference on Friday, commenting on accusations and ‘rumors’ about a possible link of the company with the former authorities.

He stressed the company’s key concern is to properly serve the city and its residents and to strengthen the company's position to provide those services.

Tawil said that regardless of the unstable situation and persistent efforts of local authorities to exhaust the company’s resources, the company continued its work, hoping to come to an agreement with the city administration.

The CEO said the disastrous state of Nubarashen landfill, the active construction works in Yerevan and the increase in the number of tourists have made it difficult for the company to operate.

The company proposes the Yerevan residents instead of repeatedly pointing out their failures to join efforts to discuss the situation and find solutions.

He said the company is ready to invest $4 million to purchase new waste collection trucks and containers, acquire 500 containers annually, modernize the fleet, introduce corporate management principles to ensure transparency and accountability.

Resident of Armenia’s Kalavan village to be appointed Pashinyan’s advisor

Panorama, Armenia
Aug 1 2019
Society 11:53 01/08/2019 Armenia

A resident of Kalavan village in Armenia’s Gegharkunik Province, Robert Ghukasyan will be appointed Advisor to Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan, the PM himself revealed on Facebook.

“Kalavan’s resident Robert Ghukasyan and I agreed that he will end his current activities within one or two months and will be appointed Advisor to the Prime Minister of the Republic of Armenia with a mission to share the experience of Kalavan village in other Armenian villages,” Pashinyan said.

The PM, who is currently on vacation, visited the village on Wednesday, presenting the successes achieved through Ghukasyan's personal efforts.

In a Facebook live video, the villager talked about the development of rural communities, expressing conviction there is no village which lacks resources for development.

In 2017 then Prime Minister Karen Karapetyan was also inspired by Ghukasyan's rural development program and tasked the government to assist its implementation.

Two cases of suicide in Armenian army in one week

JAM news

The investigation says that the soldiers were brought to suicide by their fellow servicemen and officers

In the last week, there have been two cases of suicide by Armenian conscripts.

Judging by the articles of the criminal cases that have been launched, it would seem that the young men were driven to suicide by their fellow servicemen and officers.

The public is alarmed, as there have been no such cases in the Armenian army lately.

The body of 19-year-old Volodya Galoyan, serving in Nagorno-Karabakh, was found 50 meters from an observation post. Investigators say the soldier first tried to shoot his commanding officer, but failed.

Immediately afterwards, Galoyan left the fighting position. A few hours later, his body was found with a gunshot wound in the jaw area, and his AK-47.

A criminal case was opened into “attempted homicide” and “causing to commit suicide.”

Galoyan’s commanding officer has been detained, as he is suspected of “beating a subordinate.”

19-year-old Amik Vardanyan was the victim of the second incident.

Vardanyan, also a draftee, was found with a bullet wound through the forehead in a combat position. Under what circumstances the tragedy occurred has not yet been reported. However, a criminal case has already been initiated under the article “causing to commit suicide”.

Amik Vardanyan was the only child in the family. He was called up in January of this year. His relatives do not believe that he committed suicide, and declared he was physically prepared, balanced, could stand up for himself and would not take such a step. According to them, Amik recently came home on vacation, and did not speak of any disturbances in his army life.

Human rights advocates also have trouble believing that Vardanyan killed himself. For many years, human rights activist Zhanna Aleksanyan has been working to protect the rights of servicemen and says that the version of the investigation is full of holes:

“I do not understand how they determined within just two hours that it was suicide, moreover, as a result of a shot to the forehead. Although I am not surprised, after all, the Investigative Committee has even qualified a headshot from the back – at the top of the head – as suicide.”

Aleksanyan says that in such cases, the court generally takes the side of the prosecutor’s office:

“At best, charges are brought against several servicemen who are imprisoned for two to three years or are not imprisoned at all. Often they will not even be arrested. I will say that not a single officer, not a single commander of a unit has ever been convicted.”

On July 25, the Military Prosecutor’s Office of Armenia published official statistics, which indicate a decrease in the number of crimes in the Armed Forces.

According to official statistics, in the first half of 2019, 425 crimes were committed in the army – a 16.5 percent drop than in the same period of 2018.

It is worth nothing that crimes of a military nature also went down by 18.5 percent. According to the data provided by the military procurator, this year, five servicemen have been killed, two of them by shots from the Azerbaijani side.

The head of the Vanadzor office of the Helsinki Civil Assembly, Arthur Sakunts, commented to JAMnews on the data published by the Military Prosecutor’s Office.

Sakunts say that many cases of violence in the army are not recorded, as a result, they drop out of official statistics:

“We often do not find out about cases of harm to health as a result of non-statutory relations. It is more difficult to keep silent about deaths, but this can happen as well. But even official statistics indicate that there are fewer victims from the actions of the enemy. At the same time, the opposite trend is observed: the number of victims is growing in a largely peaceful environment.”

Sakunts says that the circumstances surrounding the death of the two soldiers will be discovered. However, the articles on which the criminal cases have been initiated nevertheless indicate that in the units where the deceased served, there is evidence of abusive and violent treatment of conscripts.

He also believes that the true culprits are often either not prosecuted at all, or receive a rather lenient punishment:

“Such cases suggest that there is still no systemic solution that could prevent such incidents. The servicemen are left alone with their problems. They have no means for self-defense. That is why such phenomena happen.”



Wounded Armenian soldier is in severe condition

Ch-Aviation
Wounded Armenian soldier is in severe condition Wounded Armenian soldier is in severe condition

16:32, 27.07.2019
                  

A 27-year-old Vazgen Ulukhanyan from Armenia’s Lory Province was injured as a result of a violation of the armistice regime by the enemy, ‘Noyemberyan’ medical center’s press service reported.

According to the source, the condition of the serviceman is consistently difficult, and he will soon be moved to Yerevan.

“The condition of the serviceman is consistently severe. He received a gunshot wound in the chest, rib fracture, traumatic shock,” the MC statement said.

As reported earlier, a contract soldier has been injured in Armenia’s Tavush province on Saturday, Armenian Defense Ministry’s press service reported.

Francois Rochebloine deems unacceptable cancelation of friendship declarations between French, Artsakh cities

Panorama, Armenia
Politics 18:25 11/07/2019 Armenia

“As a former MP, Honorary member of the parliament and founding member of the French-Artsakh friendship circle I consider unacceptable the decisions of administrative courts in France to declare invalid the friendship declarations signed between the French and Artsakh cities,” Francois Rochebloine, former member of the French National Assembly, member of the France-Artsakh Friendship Circle said a in a statement.

François Rochebloine reminded that Artsakh is isolated and the people there live under blockade with Azerbaijan threatening a war every day. He next expressed regret over the position of the French foreign ministry, adding France’s voice has been diminished in the South Caucasus.

«The cancelation of this friendship declaration is a message to Baku that France approves their threats to use force against Artsakh,” the former MP noted, calling on all deputies, members of local administrations and senators to continue backing Artsakh.

To remind, over the past week administrative courts in France declared invalid the friendship declarations signed between the French cities of Valence, Bourg-les-Valence, Bourg-de-Péage and Arnouville with Artsakh cities. However, the mayors of the communities in question the towns stated intention to maintain the friendly relations with the people of Artsakh, despite the courts’ verdicts.

RFE/RL Armenian Report – 06/26/2019

                                        Wednesday, 

Kocharian Not Political Prisoner, Says Parliamentary Opposition

        • Ruzanna Stepanian

Armenia -- Supporters of former President Robert Kocharian demosntrate outside 
a prison in Yerevan, .

The two opposition parties represented in Armenia’s parliament said on 
Wednesday that they see no political reasons for the latest arrest of former 
President Robert Kocharian.

Armenia’s Court of Appeals allowed investigators to arrest Kocharian on Tuesday 
more than one month after he was freed by a lower court pending the outcome of 
his trial. The ex-president and the decision as politically motivated.

“We see no elements of political persecution,” said Ani Samsonian, a senior 
parliamentarian from the opposition Bright Armenia Party (LHK). “For us, this 
case is a purely legal process.”

Iveta Tonoyan, a lawmaker representing the Prosperous Armenia Party (BHK), 
similarly said that the arrest and broader criminal proceedings against 
Kocharian should be “viewed on the legal plane.”

Still, speaking at a joint news conference, both Tonoyan and another senior BHK 
figure, deputy parliament speaker Vahe Enfiajian, declined to comment on 
Kocharian’s latest claim that “there is neither law nor order” in Armenia. 
Asked whether the BHK agrees with the claim, Enfiajian said: “I agree with the 
supremacy of the law.”

By contrast, Kocharian’s prosecution has been repeatedly condemned by the 
former ruling Republican Party (HHK) and other opposition groups not 
represented in the current National Assembly. HHK spokesman Eduard Sharmazanov 
on Tuesday described Kocharian as a political prisoner.

In a separate statement, the HHK’s governing body said the Court of Appeals 
made a “purely political decision.” “This process has nothing to do with 
democracy, the rule of law and judicial independence,” it said.

Parliament deputies from the ruling My Step alliance continued to deny, 
however, any political motives behind Kocharian’s prosecution. One of them, 
Anna Karapetian, said law-enforcement authorities are simply seeking to hold 
accountable those responsible for the 2008 post-election crackdown on 
opposition protesters in Yerevan.




Lawyers To Appeal Against Kocharian’s Arrest

        • Naira Bulghadarian

Armenia -- A Court of Appeals judge, Armen Danielian, reads out his decision to 
allow investigators to again arrest former President Robert Kocarian, Yerevan, 
.

Lawyers for former President Robert Kocharian said on Wednesday that they will 
appeal against an Armenian court’s decision to allow his renewed arrest.

The Court of Appeals on Tuesday overturned a lower court’s May 18 decision to 
free Kocharian from prison pending the outcome of his trial.

The ex-president’s lawyers told RFE/RL’s Armenian service that they will 
challenge that decision in the Court of Cassation, the country’s highest body 
of criminal justice. One of them, Aram Orbelian, said they will lodge the 
appeal after receiving and examining the full text of the decision made by a 
Court of Appeals judge, Armen Danielian.

Kocharian and his legal team decided to boycott the announcement of Danielian’s 
ruling after the judge cut short the court hearings on the matter June 20. They 
said that they were illegally prevented from presenting detailed arguments 
against their client’s arrest.

Another defense lawyer, Hovannes Khudoyan, on Wednesday also questioned the 
legality of what was Kocharian’s third arrest in less than a year. Khudoyan 
argued that Armenia’s Constitutional Court agreed last week to hold hearings 
and rule on two appeals lodged by him and his colleagues.

In those appeals, they suggested that Kocharian was arrested last year and 
charged with usurping power in the wake of a 2008 presidential election in 
breach of the Armenian constitution. The Constitutional Court scheduled the 
first hearing on the matter for August.

“The Constitutional Court has thus voiced a suspicion that there is a problem 
with the constitutionality [of Kocharian’s prosecution,]” claimed Khudoyan.


Armenia -- Former President Robert Kocharian talks to reporters outside a 
prison in Yerevan, .

The Court of Cassation already dealt with the high-profile case after another 
Court of Appeals judge freed Kocharian from custody in August 2018. Acting on 
prosecutors’ appeal, the high court ordered the Court of Appeals in November to 
examine the case anew. The latter allowed law-enforcement authorities to press 
charges against Kocharian and again arrest him in December.

Kocharian stands accused of having illegally used army units against opposition 
protesters less than two months before completing his second and final 
presidential term in April 2008. He denies the accusation as politically 
motivated.

Eight protesters and two police officers were killed in street clashes that 
broke out in central Yerevan late on March 1, 2008. Citing the deadly violence, 
Kocharian declared a state of emergency and ordered army units into the capital 
on that night.

The same coup charges were also leveled against Kocharian’s former chief of 
staff Armen Gevorgian and two retired top army generals, Seyran Ohanian and 
Yuri Khachaturov. The three men, who have not been held in pre-trial detention, 
deny them.

Earlier this year, Kocharian and Gevorgian were also charged with bribe-taking. 
They reject this accusation as well.




EU Envoy Encouraged By Armenian-Azeri Talks

        • Harry Tamrazian

Armenia -- Toivo Klaar (R), the EU special representative for the South 
Caucasus, meets with Armenian Prime Minister Nikol Pashinian, Yerevan, June 26, 
2019.

A senior European Union diplomat on Thursday praised Armenian-Azerbaijani 
negotiations held in recent months and expressed hope for progress towards the 
resolution of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict.

“It is very good that there is a consistent process of meetings that seems to 
be going on,” Toivo Klaar, the EU’s special representative for the South 
Caucasus, told RFE/RL’s Armenian service in Yerevan.

“Of course, it’s not easy,” said Klaar. “This is a conflict that has very deep 
roots and we cannot expect solutions from one day to the next. But the 
important thing is that there are meetings, there are substantial discussions, 
and of course the EU is there to support this.”

“I personally hope that this process is a somehow a self-reinforcing mechanism 
and … that despite the difficulties of the last month we will actually see a 
sort of progress in the general situation,” he added.

The Karabakh conflict was high on the agenda of Klaar’s talks with Prime 
Minister Nikol Pashinian and Foreign Minister Zohrab Mnatsakanian held earlier 
in the day. According to the Armenian Foreign Ministry, Mnatsakanian briefed 
the EU envoy on his latest meeting with Azerbaijan’s Foreign Minister Elmar 
Mammadyarov that took place in Washington on June 20.

The meeting mediated by the U.S., Russian and French co-chairs of the OSCE 
Minsk Group followed an upsurge in ceasefire violations along the Karabakh 
“line of contact” which came after several months of relative calm on the 
Armenian-Azerbaijani frontlines. The mediators said they urged the parties to 
“observe the ceasefire strictly and refrain from any provocative action.”

Klaar said he discussed the escalation with Pashinian and Mnatsakanian. “Even 
though there are these lines of communication [between Armenian and Azerbaijani 
leaders,] of course in fragile situations such incidents can happen, such 
deaths can occur, and that means more needs to be done in terms of building 
confidence between the sides and reducing tensions even further,” he said. “I 
hope that the Washington meeting contributed to that.”

Klaar also reaffirmed the EU’s pledges to support financially a possible 
Armenian-Azerbaijani peace accord. “When we get to that point, to larger 
agreements where financial support is needed to implement them, I am sure that 
the EU will be there to support them,” he said.

Asked whether the two warring sides are still far from reaching that point, the 
envoy replied: “I honestly don’t know.”




Press Review


“Zhamanak” reports that supporters of former President Robert Kocharian 
demonstrated in Yerevan on Tuesday after Armenia’s Court of Appeals allowed 
investigators to arrest him again. “This is certainly not a new phenomenon, 
Robert Kocharian has used that tool as part of his legal defense tactic for 
some time,” writes the paper very critical of the ex-president. “The question 
is whether the former president will try to switch to a tougher and more 
radical use of that tool and to create problems for the authorities. That would 
not be prudent because Kocharian lacks the most important factor possessed by 
the authorities: strong public support.”

According to “Zhoghovurd,” the head of the Armenian government’s Committee for 
the Management of State Property, Narek Babayan, continues to demand that a 
military high school of the Armenian Defense Ministry vacate its expensive 
premises located in the resort town of Dilijan. The property had been supposed 
to serve as a resort complex for employees of the State Revenue Committee. The 
paper says former Defense Minister Vigen Sargsian was right to have it 
transferred to the military school because in a country remaining in a de facto 
state of war “it is extremely important that people have incentives to become 
military officers.” “And given all this, it is weird, to say the least, that 
Narek Babayan continues to insist that those luxurious conditions are too much 
for our military and that they can receive military education in more modest 
conditions.”

“Aravot” says that Kocharian behaves arrogantly during court hearings and his 
conversations with journalists. “He also frequently lies, in particular about 
transforming Armenia’s ‘hell’ into ‘paradise’ from 1998 to 2008,” editorializes 
the paper’s editor, Aram Abrahamian. “But sometimes life is turned into hell by 
those vicious leaders whose bodyguards kill people for ‘wrongly’ greeting them. 
“I feel more secure when that person is in jail. But if we put aside emotions, 
we need to understand in the purely legal sense what the point of arresting the 
former president is. Kocharian is not the kind of person who would like to flee 
[the country.] Will he influence the probe of the [March 2008] case? Of course 
he will. A figure possessing serious financial and media resources has the 
ample capacity to do.” But Kocharian will also be in a position to exert such 
influence even from prison, concludes the paper.

(Lilit Harutiunian)


Reprinted on ANN/Armenian News with permission from RFE/RL
Copyright (c) 2019 Radio Free Europe / Radio Liberty, Inc.
1201 Connecticut Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20036.
www.rferl.org



In Armenia: Jerevan. Arte, storia, religioni

la-notizia.net, Italia
8 giu 2019


di Nicola Felice Pomponio

Sul taxi che verso le 4 del mattino, a Jerevan, mi conduceva dall’aeroporto all’hotel dove il mio amico Roberto aveva prenotato una stanza per me, il taxista mi disse cose che, nel corso del viaggio, sentii ripetere più volte e che, evidentemente, rappresentano una sorta di “fondamentali” nell’autocoscienza armena. Innanzi tutto la religione. Da subito venni informato che l’Armenia fu il primo paese al mondo a proclamare, nel 301, il Cristianesimo religione di stato e questo ben 79 anni prima dell’impero romano, che lo fece nel 380 con l’Editto di Tessalonica. Quindi la soddisfazione per il riconoscimento italiano della qualifica di “genocidio” nei confronti delle persecuzioni di cui furono vittime gli armeni da parte dei turchi e poi i numeri della diaspora: nel mondo ci sarebbero circa 11 milioni di armeni, di cui solo 3 in Armenia (e poco più di un milione concentrato a Jerevan!). Inoltre un senso di claustrofobia: l’Armenia non ha sbocchi al mare, gran parte delle sue frontiere corre con paesi con i quali i rapporti o sono difficili (Turchia) o sono addirittura bellici (l’Azerbaijan per l’enclave armena del Nagorno-Karabakh teatro di una guerra dal 1992 al 1994 a oggi tutt’altro che risolta) mentre ottimi sono i rapporti con la cristiana Georgia e lo sciita Iran (altrettanto confinanti). Infine, certo non per importanza, le grandi speranze per il nuovo corso politico maturatosi lo scorso anno dopo la sostituzione del presidente e l’ascesa al potere di un coalizione di partiti che ha fatto della lotta alla corruzione il proprio cavallo di battaglia (in questo il mio interlocutore vedeva dei netti miglioramenti, ma a suo avviso ancora incompleti).

Mi ero ritrovato a Jerevan per uno di quei casi della vita che fanno ben sperare. L’anno scorso avevo rivisto un mio caro amico con cui non avevo più contatti da tantissimi anni, da quando, finita l’Università, si era trasferito in Germania a lavorare come insegnante. Il rivedersi fu un coinvolgente momento di ritrovati interessi e comuni punti di vista; poiché Roberto è il responsabile degli scambi culturali tra la sua scuola e un’altra scuola di Jerevan mi parlò dell’Armenia. Così decisi, immediatamente, che alla prima occasione sarei andato anch’io e quindi, eccomi su un taxi in piena notte a parlare in inglese su questa affascinante nazione. Così con questa entusiastica, dettagliata presentazione fatta dal simpatico, giovane taxista mi sono ritrovato catapultato poco dopo, nonostante il viaggio e il fuso orario, per la prima volta nella mia vita in una nazione di cui conoscevo la fama per i monasteri (di cui parlerò più avanti) e per una storia gloriosa le cui nozioni si fermavano però a sporadiche conoscenze sempre in relazione a qualcun altro (i romani, i persiani, i bizantini, i veneziani, gli ottomani ecc.) e, purtroppo, mai per il suo valore in sé. Valore che ebbi modo di ammirare subito perché Jerevan è una città dalle numerose, interessanti sfaccettature. La prima cosa che mi colpì furono i giardini e il numero di alberi. Praticamente tutte le vie del centro sono alberate, risultano essere ampi viali in cui l’ombra e il fresco dei vegetali rende la città particolarmente accogliente e sedersi a bere un caffè in queste vie è un rito che consiglio vivamente a tutti, così come la sera cenare sui balconi che si affacciano sui viali sentendosi così non in Asia ma in una qualsiasi città europea; il bello è che la municipalità ha anche intenzione di incrementare questo verde! Ma Jerevan è piena di piccoli gioiellini che emergono in un tessuto urbano profondamente moderno come la piccola e preziosa cappella Katoghike. Questa chiesetta, scoperta solo nel 1936, si è miracolosamente salvata dal furore iconoclasta sovietico che demolì molte chiese e quasi tutte le moschee. E’ costruita con blocchi di pietre nere e rosso scuro con un accostamento cromatico che si ritrova in quasi tutti gli edifici sacri armeni, a pianta a croce greca (cioè con la lunghezza delle braccia uguale in tutt’e quattro le direzioni, come S. Marco a Venezia) è a cupola centrale, altro elemento comune a tutte le chiese armene. Colpisce una piccola nicchia ricavata sulla sinistra che è stata abbellita da un grazioso, elegante, aereo arco inflesso; tenuto conto che la chiesetta risale al XIII secolo mi sembra evidente l’influenza dell’arte araba e persiana dell’epoca. L’Armenia si presentava in tal modo ai miei occhi quasi come un ponte tra le terre musulmane e quelle cristiane riuscendo ad armonizzare le differenti influenze, si vedrà spesso questa fruttuosa contaminazione ma nella cappella di Katoghike quel piccolo arco appare come un gioiellino ornamentale dentro un altro piccolo gioiello architettonico.


E a proposito di gioielli come non citare la biblioteca e il centro di ricerca Matenadaran che, collocato scenograficamente su una collina che domina uno dei viali più importanti della città, conserva decine di migliaia di manoscritti antichi, medievali e moderni provenienti da tutto il mondo. Una disponibile e preparata guida ha illustrato (in tedesco, come in tutte le altre visite essendo il tedesco la lingua ufficiale del viaggio) le rarità e i preziosi scritti esposti; così davanti alle mie cùpide pupille sono sfilati dei veri e propri capolavori come un testo di geometria di Avicenna in arabo del XVII sec. (con relativi disegni) un Evangelo in palinsesto del X sec., un papiro egizio del VIII sec. e poi cartine, libri, disegni, codici, manoscritti, miniature, abbellimenti medievali dei testi ecc. Insomma un tripudio di un preziosissimo retaggio culturale quasi bimillenario. Ho così scoperto un particolare interessante: il primo libro scritto in armeno fu stampato e pubblicato nel 1512 a Venezia confermando così il ruolo particolare che la città lagunare ebbe nei rapporti con queste terre e tutt’oggi a San Lazzaro degli Armeni si conserva una collezione di manoscritti armeni seconda, in tutto il mondo, solo a quella del Matenadaran.

Jerevan è una città moderna con ampi spazi, boulevard, prospettive talvolta gigantesche e una periferia che non ha ancora del tutto superato la fase del cosiddetto socialismo reale, ma è anche un luogo che è stato perennemente abitato per un periodo di ben 2800 anni. Non molto lontano dal centro, su una collina che domina la città sono stati scoperti i resti di un città fortificata risalente all’VIII sec. a.C. Erebuni fu fondata, stando alla tavoletta in cuneiforme ivi scoperta, nell’anno 782 a.C. Il sito era organizzato intorno a tre aree di attività, quelle del potere politico, sacerdotale e commerciale e gli archeologi vi hanno ritrovato le tracce di un sapiente sistema di controllo delle acque per l’irrigazione dei campi e prove della lavorazione per ottenere vino, olio e birra. Una civiltà già avanzatissima che dominava un’amplia area che, avendo come fulcro la zona intorno al lago di Van (in Turchia) si estendeva fino quasi al mar Nero, al lago Sevan, al nord della Mesopotamia e all’Anatolia. Un impero che, sebbene indebolito dagli assiri, continuò a dominare la zona fino all’arrivo dei Persiani, nel VI sec. e oltre ancora: è la civiltà urartea. E’ interessante una piccola riflessione. Come si sa le lingue antiche sono innanzi tutto consonantiche, ovvero non contengono vocali; se teniamo presente questo principio si nota un’affascinante convergenza tra i nomi: eReBuNi (RBN) può essere la forma originale di jeReVaN (RVN), ma uRaRTu (RRT) era senz’altro solo un altro modo per dire aRaRaT (RRT). Suggestioni affascinanti sul bordo di quel pozzo senza fondo che chiamiamo storia. D’altra parte l’Ararat, questo vulcano spento alto più di 5000 m. domina col suo profilo perennemente innevato e insieme al Piccolo Ararat, altro vulcano che gli sta di fianco, la città di Jerevan; ora in territorio turco, l’Ararat è il monte citato nella Bibbia (Gen. 8,4) in cui approda l’Arca di Noè dopo la fine del diluvio universale. Viaggiando per l’Armenia il profilo di questa altissima montagna segue il viaggiatore quasi dappertutto e si caratterizza come una presenza continua e caratterizzante del paesaggio. Se a Jerevan, nel tardo pomeriggio, si sale sulla Cascata, un grande scalinata, intervallata da aiuole, che risale un’erta collina si può ammirare in tutto il suo splendore, alla luce del crepuscolo il grandioso panorama che spazia dalla città fino all’imponente, massiccia presenza montuosa del vulcano. E’ a quest’ora che si percepisce bene il motivo per il quale Jerevan è detta anche la citta rosata; i raggi del sole esaltano infatti il delicato color rosa dei muri delle case costruite in tufo, una pietra di origine vulcanica che, con questo colore, è presente anche in Lazio nella provincia di Viterbo. E la sera, nella grande Piazza della Repubblica, tra bambini con gli sguardi affascinati (ho visto tantissimi bimbi e giovani e nessun cane), genitori che passeggiano tranquillamente e coppiette che teneramente si stringono in vita è bello osservare i giochi d’acqua delle tante fontane che funzionano al ritmo delle musiche (classiche, moderne, di film) e vengono investite da fasci di luce colorata.

Quante cose ancora varrebbe la pena segnalare. Restando vicino alla Cascata come non considerare le belle statue di Botero o il monumento all’amicizia italo-armena, il teatro dell’Opera, il piccolo ma attrezzatissimo e interessante museo Kachaturian, il Museo di Storia ecc. Ma non è mio obiettivo quello di redigere un noioso elenco o, peggio ancora, una guida della città. C’è però un posto che vale la pena vedere; non tanto in sé, quanto per il significato che racchiude per tutti gli uomini di oggi. Nel 1915 nella notte tra il 23 e il 24 aprile il governo nazionalista di Istanbul facente capo ai “Giovani Turchi” iniziò a far arrestare e deportare migliaia di armeni: è il prologo di quella immane tragedia che portò alla morte per stenti, maltrattamenti, fame nel corso delle deportazioni tra 1500000 e 2000000 di individui; il primo genocidio del ‘900 che servì da esempio per la Shoah ebraica meno di tre decenni più tardi e di cui ancor oggi è vietato in Turchia parlarne pubblicamente. Il Museo e monumento del genocidio armeno sono luoghi che vale la pena visitare per mantenere il ricordo di quanto l’uomo possa essere terribilmente diabolico. Un fuoco perenne arde tra dodici (simbolo della completezza) ampi archi che partono da terra e s’innalzano incurvandosi su di esso; la memoria armena è purtroppo segnata anche da questa terribile esperienza.

https://www.la-notizia.net/2019/06/08/in-armenia-jerevan-arte-storia-religioni/?fbclid=IwAR2T46JxFXKbwZxiCfgoErztxIRo08W56Xz37T4Jm1__qwHes6Y-zXBombw