Our Top 5 People Stories of ’23: #1 Marking the 100-year legacy of the Georgetown Boys

Halton Hills Today, Ontario, Canada
Dec 31 2023
The final instalment in HaltonHillsToday's countdown of the best stories about people in the community: We honour a major milestone in the history of the Georgetown Boys – the Armenian refugees whose lives were changed a century ago when they came to live at Cedarvale Farm

A version of this article was originally published on HaltonHillsToday on April 24.

They are all gone now, so we can never directly hear what they have to say about Georgetown’s Cedarvale Park. But Canada and Armenian Canadians have not forgotten the role the local green space played in history. 

Dubbed the Georgetown Boys – a misnomer as there were many girls too – they were rescued by Canadians from the clutches of an orphan’s lonely death. In Georgetown, the federal government and several benefactors hoped to turn these orphans into good farmers. Cedarvale Park, then a farm, served as their home and proving ground. 

But the absence of the boys and girls today creates an undeserved illusion that Cedarvale Park is unremarkable. The painstaking work of historians, archivists and community leaders, many of whom are Armenian, keep the memory alive. Without them, visitors would miss the park’s connection with the First World War and, more importantly, the Armenian Genocide. 

“Armenians are obsessed by 1915,” said Lorne Shirinian, a descendent of the so-called Georgetown Boys. 

Shirinian is the son of Mampre Shirinian, a Georgetown Boy and Mariam Mazmanian, a Georgetown Girl. Her brother, Ardeshes Mazmanian, was also a Georgetown Boy. 

Lorne Shirinian's mother and uncle, Mariam and Ardeshes Mazmanian.

The Mazmanian siblings likely survived when their parents gave them to Turkish neighbours. Neither appeared to know how they escaped the genocide as they were too young to remember. What they do know is that they lost a brother and both parents in the chaos. 

Lorne Shirinian’s father did not talk much about his experiences with the genocide. Shirinian the younger understands that his father was alone from 1915 to 1918. 

The orphans getting picked to come to Canada was, in effect, a lottery. 

“My father tells me one day all the boys, almost a thousand boys, were lined up and the relief workers came and they asked, ‘Who wants to go to Canada?” Lorne Shirinian said. 

“They went through picking randomly. ‘You, you, you.’ And my father was randomly picked. And my uncle did come to Canada randomly.”

Ardeshes and Mariam were separated at some point. While her brother languished at a Corfu orphanage, Mariam ended up at one in Syro, Greece. Once he arrived in Canada with the first group of boys in 1923, Ardeshes pleaded with ARAC to have his sister come to Georgetown. They were reunited in 1927. Mampre Shirinian arrived in 1924 with the second group of boys. 

Mampre Shirinian and Mariam Mazmanian married in 1935 after meeting at Cedarvale Farm. Their son Lorne was born 10 years later, beginning a long life of being surrounded by the Georgetown orphans.

“The Georgetown Boys would drop in all the time. On the weekends, there would be parties. There would be making sheesh kabob on the barbecue. There were dances in the backyard, much to the chagrin of the neighbours,” Shirinian added.

What Shirinian appreciated most was “their joy and vitality for having survived.”

“I always had the feeling that they looked on me and other offspring of the Georgetown Boys as special because not only did we survive, but we are multiplying.” 

Shirinian has added his voice to multiple sources that have crystallized the memory of the orphans. Through those sources, we can tell their story and get to know who they were. 

The Ottoman Empire – the modern-day Republic of Turkey – was in decline in the late 1800s. Looking for a scapegoat to mask their economic mismanagement, the government took aim at ethnic minorities, especially the Armenians. 

Abdul Hamid II is often called the “Red Sultan” as his throne was soaked with blood.

In 1908 the Young Turks seized power from Abdul Hamid. But the Armenians were not safe. One of the Young Turks’ goals was to turn the Empire into an ethnically homogenous nation. 

After the Battle of Sarikamish ended in a catastrophic defeat for the Turkish army, they had their excuse. The war minister Enver Pasha – who planned the battle – blamed the Armenians.

On Apr. 24, 1915, Ottoman Interior Minister, Talaat Pasha, had 250 Armenian intellectuals arrested in Constantinople. The genocide had officially begun. By 1923, mass deportations, starvation and outright killing wiped out virtually all Armenians in Anatolia. Despite the best efforts of some righteous Turks to save Armenians, it is estimated that some 1.5 million people died.

The government of the Republic of Turkey denies the genocide to this day.

The work of Canadian historians has made Cedarvale Park an equally important piece of the puzzle as the genocide itself. 

Author Jack Apramian, who himself was brought to Cedarvale Farm, wrote the book The Georgetown Boys. Isabel Kaprielian-Churchill authored Like our Mountains, a book about the Armenian Canadian experience. Parts of it tell the story of Cedarvale Farm.

Cedarvale Farm today. Mansoor Tanweer/HaltonHillsToday

Through these two, we know how Canadians got involved in the lives of the orphans. Using various means, Armenian children found themselves at an orphanage on the Greek island of Corfu. The Armenian Relief Association of Canada (ARAC), with the blessing of Ottawa, brought the boys to Canada. 

It should be noted that the events are important not just to Georgetown, but also to the nation . “This is the first time in Canadian history that we helped people in need. And we help them by bringing them to the country,” said local historian Mark Rowe. 

By 1920, Canada was only 53 years old. Canadians had engaged in international humanitarian work, but only as individuals. Thanks to the ARAC and the federal government, Canadians were saving lives abroad as a nation, setting the tone for future aid to refugees. 

https://www.haltonhillstoday.ca/local-news/our-top-5-people-stories-of-23-1-marking-the-100-year-legacy-of-the-georgetown-boys-8043244

Armenian and Azerbaijani Foreign Ministers may meet at state border, says Bayramov

 19:03,

YEREVAN, DECEMBER 28, ARMENPRESS. Azerbaijan's Minister of Foreign Affairs  Jeyhun Bayramov, stated in a press conference on Thursday that a proposal has been made for a meeting between the foreign ministers of Armenia and Azerbaijan at the state border, as reported by Azerbaijani media.

 “Foreign Ministers of the two countries can meet on the state border. We have made such a proposal. As for holding the meeting in Azerbaijan, or Armenia, why not? Sooner or later it must happen,”  Bayramov said.

Azerbaijani Foreign Minister stated that the negotiation process between Azerbaijan and Armenia should not be held hostage by third countries.

Bayramov also noted that there are still disagreements between Yerevan and Baku regarding the peace treaty, but their number has significantly decreased.

Prime Minister gets acquainted with construction works of the Ashtarak-Talin road section of the "North-South" project

 19:18,

YEREVAN, DECEMBER 15, ARMENPRESS.  Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan on December 15 visited Aragatsotn region and got acquainted with the construction works of the Ashtarak-Talin 34 km road section of the "North-South" project implemented with the support of the Asian Development Bank, the Prime Minister's Office said.

The construction works of the project started on November 13 of the current year. On the instructions of the client, the works started from the outskirts of the Nerkin Bazmaberd community to the Talin community.

Thanks to the efficient organization of work, large-scale work was completed in the 10-kilometer section in a short time. Work on marking and equipping the specified area is being completed. As a result, on the mentioned 10-kilometer section the traffic will be one-way.

RFE/RL Georgian Service – 12/09/2023

Georgian President Joins Pro-EU Rally

 21:23 GMT
        • By RFE/RL's Georgian Service

Georgian President Salome Zurabishvili attended a December 9 march in support of 
the country's European Union membership bid. People waved Georgian flags and 
unfurled a giant EU flag during the rally held in Tbilisi by nongovernmental 
organizations. EU leaders are expected to say on December 15 whether they see 
Georgia as ready to start accession talks. Among the conditions for the 
Caucasian country are judicial reform, closer alignment with EU foreign policy, 
and fighting disinformation.



 



Round-table discussion held at Armenian Ministry of Foreign Affairs ahead of World Refugee Forum

 20:37, 8 December 2023

YEREVAN, DECEMBER 8, ARMENPRESS. Under the chairmanship of the Armenian Deputy Foreign Minister Vahe Gevorgyan, a round-table discussion was held in the ministry on December 8. The discussion was dedicated to Armenia's participation in the World Refugee Forum to be held next week in Geneva, the foreign ministry said in a readout.

''During the discussion, the Republic of Armenia's priorities regarding the protection of refugees were presented.

 Specifically, the importance of international community support to address the needs of forcibly displaced refugees from Nagorno-Karabakh was emphasized.

It was mentioned that the support is crucial not only for the solution of urgent problems, but also for the medium and long term, in order to create stable living conditions.

In this context, the need to ensure the continuity of the work of the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees was mentioned.

In the context of the voluntary commitments to be undertaken by Armenia during the Forum, it was noted that the commitments encompass various aspects. They include creating opportunities for economic activity, employment, and housing for Nagorno-Karabakh refugees, ensuring access to health services and the right to education, implementing special programs for women and other initiatives.

The participants emphasized that Armenia, having a long-term experience of accepting refugees and addressing their needs, will also share its positive experience of working with refugees during the Forum," the statement reads.

According to the source, in addition to the members of the delegation heading to the Forum, the meeting was also attended by representatives of interested departments, international organizations, including the representatives of the Armenian office of the UN High Commissioner for Refugees, as well as representatives of refugees.

Deputy Prime Minister emphasizes the EU’s support in overcoming challenges caused by forced displacement of NK people

 19:52,

YEREVAN, NOVEMBER 28, ARMENPRESS.  Deputy Prime Minister Tigran Khachatryan on November 28 met with the members of the Joint Delegation of the European External Action Service and the European Commission Directorates-General for Neighborhood and Enlargement Negotiations.
The head of the EU delegation in Armenia, Ambassador Vassilis Maragos also attended the meeting.
The Deputy Prime Minister underscored the significance of the delegation's visit amidst the current challenges and then presented the participants of the meeting in detail with the measures implemented by the government aimed at addressing the primary needs of forcibly displaced persons from Nagorno-Karabakh. The Deputy Prime Minister emphasized the importance of the support of the European Union in overcoming the challenges due to the created situation, Deputy Prime Minister’s Office said in a statement.
According to the source, during the meeting, reference was made to the implementation of the Armenia-EU Comprehensive and Extended Partnership Agreement, as well as the course of cooperation in a number of directions within the framework of the EU Economic and Investment Plan. The participants also discussed opportunities for the development of Armenia-EU trade and economic relations.
It is mentioned that Deputy Prime Minister Khachatryan reiterated the government's commitment to broaden cooperation with the EU. He expressed the government's readiness to introduce new directions essential for sustainable economic development, enhance resilience, and diversify the economy, thereby enriching the bilateral agenda.

Hesitant Steps Towards a South Caucasus Peace Deal

Nov 21 2023
By Emil Avdaliani

Russia may yet benefit from the fallout of Azerbaijan’s successful military campaign in the doomed enclave of Nagorno Karabakh.

Azerbaijan might be signaling a major shift in its foreign policy. Its relations with the West have visibly deteriorated since its September blitzkrieg which caused the entire Armenian population of Nagorno-Karabakh to flee.

The fall of the enclave removed a major hurdle to a peace agreement between Azerbaijan and Armenia. Moreover, the Armenian leadership has chosen a pragmatic approach toward Azeri sovereignty, effectively signaling its willingness to recognize its neighbor’s territorial integrity within the borders established during the Soviet era.

Another significant hurdle has been the issue of the so-called Zangezur corridor via Armenia’s southernmost province of Syunik to the Azeri exclave of Nakhchivan. Armenia has feared that this might provide the grounds for another war.

But for now, that seems to have diminished as Azerbaijan agreed in October to develop a transit route through northern Iran. This appeared designed to remove the threat to Armenia and to assuage Iranian concerns about Azeri intentions; Tehran remains Armenia’s most effective ally and has threatened military action if Azerbaijan pushes it too far.

In the past couple of weeks, Armenia and Azerbaijan have reportedly found consensus on three major principles. These include mutual recognition of territorial integrity, demarcation of the border, and the opening of communication channels. Far from being a comprehensive peace, it nevertheless might serve as the basis for a future normalization between the two rivals. Indeed, Armenia has submitted its sixth updated proposal on a peace agreement to Azerbaijan, the country’s Foreign Ministry said on November 21.

The barriers to a deal remain formidable. For example, despite a World Court ruling, it is unlikely Azerbaijan will allow the return of the 120,000 Armenians who left following its September victory.

That is only one of many continuing grievances, which include the question of exclaves in each other’s territory. Azerbaijan claims eight villages in Armenia, which claims at least one in Azerbaijan.

Along with this issue, there remains the significant question of where a peace deal should be signed. This is far more than symbolic.

There have been two separate negotiation tracks: one led by Russia and another by the West, mostly the European Union (EU.) And here there is a major shift underway. If before the September attack, the Azeris were fairly open to Western initiatives, after the fall of Nagorno-Karabakh there are reasons to believe Azerbaijan favors Moscow.

Azerbaijan might be signaling a major shift in its foreign policy. Its relations with the West have visibly deteriorated since its September blitzkrieg which caused the entire Armenian population of Nagorno-Karabakh to flee.

The fall of the enclave removed a major hurdle to a peace agreement between Azerbaijan and Armenia. Moreover, the Armenian leadership has chosen a pragmatic approach toward Azeri sovereignty, effectively signaling its willingness to recognize its neighbor’s territorial integrity within the borders established during the Soviet era.

Another significant hurdle has been the issue of the so-called Zangezur corridor via Armenia’s southernmost province of Syunik to the Azeri exclave of Nakhchivan. Armenia has feared that this might provide the grounds for another war.

But for now, that seems to have diminished as Azerbaijan agreed in October to develop a transit route through northern Iran. This appeared designed to remove the threat to Armenia and to assuage Iranian concerns about Azeri intentions; Tehran remains Armenia’s most effective ally and has threatened military action if Azerbaijan pushes it too far.

In the past couple of weeks, Armenia and Azerbaijan have reportedly found consensus on three major principles. These include mutual recognition of territorial integrity, demarcation of the border, and the opening of communication channels. Far from being a comprehensive peace, it nevertheless might serve as the basis for a future normalization between the two rivals. Indeed, Armenia has submitted its sixth updated proposal on a peace agreement to Azerbaijan, the country’s Foreign Ministry said on November 21.

The barriers to a deal remain formidable. For example, despite a World Court ruling, it is unlikely Azerbaijan will allow the return of the 120,000 Armenians who left following its September victory.

That is only one of many continuing grievances, which include the question of exclaves in each other’s territory. Azerbaijan claims eight villages in Armenia, which claims at least one in Azerbaijan.

Along with this issue, there remains the significant question of where a peace deal should be signed. This is far more than symbolic.

There have been two separate negotiation tracks: one led by Russia and another by the West, mostly the European Union (EU.) And here there is a major shift underway. If before the September attack, the Azeris were fairly open to Western initiatives, after the fall of Nagorno-Karabakh there are reasons to believe Azerbaijan favors Moscow.

Azerbaijan sees French support for Armenia as a major hurdle in peace treaty negotiations. This includes Paris’s activism at the UN Security Council, where it is one of the five permanent members, and its recent decision to sell arms to Armenia, including air defense radars and missiles.

Furthermore, occasional calls within the EU for tough sanctions against Azerbaijan because of ethnic cleansing fuel hostility among President Ilham Aliyev and his entourage. These calls are based on allegations of ethnic cleansing. Additionally, the EU’s insistence on discussing the return of ethnic Armenians to Karabakh is opposed by Azerbaijan, which considers Karabakh’s displaced population an internal matter. A recent Azeri reproof of the EU’s foreign policy chief, Josep Borrell, is a good indication of the state of bilateral affairs.

There is a downward trajectory in the relations with the US too. Officials in Washington have expressed concerns over events and have suspended military aid to Azerbaijan. While this might not greatly impact its military capabilities, it signals that Azerbaijan should refrain from further potential military moves against Armenia. The Azeris have meanwhile pulled out of planned peace negotiations in Washington, and the country’s foreign ministry even stated that US officials were unwelcome in Azerbaijan.

More recently, on November 21, Hikmat Hajiyev, Assistant to the President of the Republic of Azerbaijan argued that “Armenia should understand that the roots of peace are not in Washington but in the region”. This follows what Azerbaijani officials signaled during the recent 3+3 summit in Tehran, (this is a grouping of the three big states of Russia, Turkey, and Iran, along with the three South Caucasus nations, although Georgia was absent), the need to solve regional conflicts without the involvement of outside powers.

Russia has also been overtly supportive of the Azerbaijani position. The trend has been strengthened by the Kremlin’s sharply worsening relations with its officially close ally, Armenia. Not only have the Armenians been outraged by the Kremlin’s refusal to make good on common defense treaties, but also by the implicit assumption that it simply matters less than Azerbaijan.

Armenia has effectively pulled out of the Russian-dominated Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) but now appears to have gone much further, with unconfirmed reports that it plans to transfer up to 200 SS-21 ballistic missiles to Ukraine. The Kremlin has already been issuing hostile statements aimed at Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan, who has suggested his country needed to “diversify” its security relationships.

So while there is increasing momentum for a peace agreement, significant tensions must still be resolved. For now that suggests that the dominant partner, Azerbaijan, is unwilling to engage in a Western-led settlement and would prefer an outcome led by the Kremlin.

Emil Avdaliani is a professor of international relations at European University in Tbilisi, Georgia, and a scholar of silk roads.

Europe’s Edge is CEPA’s online journal covering critical topics on the foreign policy docket across Europe and North America. All opinions are those of the author and do not necessarily represent the position or views of the institutions they represent or the Center for European Policy Analysis.


US to provide over $4 million in aid for those affected by Nagorno-Karabakh crisis

The Straits Times, Singapore
Nov 21 2023

WASHINGTON – The United States will provide over $4.1 million in aid for people affected by the situation in Nagorno-Karabakh, the United States Agency for International Development said in a statement, after Azerbaijan's recapture of the region prompted a mass exodus of Armenians.

Azerbaijan and Armenia have been at odds for decades, most notably over the breakaway Azerbaijani region of Nagorno-Karabakh, which Baku's forces recaptured in September, prompting a mass exodus of most of the region's 120,000 ethnic Armenians to neighboring Armenia.

USAID said the additional aid, which has not been previously reported, will support efforts to provide assistance for almost 74,000 refugees and displaced people from the region who are sheltering in Armenia.

The aid will increase food assistance and provide humanitarian protection and emergency shelter, according to the statement.

The additional aid will bring the total U.S. humanitarian assistance for the Nagorno-Karabakh response to nearly $28 million since 2020, according to the statement.

"The U.S. stands with civilians affected by Azerbaijan’s military operation and supports the Armenian government’s efforts to help those in need," the statement read.

The two Caucasian countries have been in conflict most notably over the region of Nagorno-Karabakh, internationally recognized as part of Azerbaijan but largely populated and controlled by ethnic Armenians with Yerevan's support until Baku recaptured it in September.

USAID chief Samantha Power traveled to Armenia and Azerbaijan in September following Azerbaijan's defeat of the breakaway region's fighters in the conflict dating from the Soviet era.

"We are incredibly grateful to the Armenian government and the Armenian people for opening their homes and their hearts to the displaced. We will continue to stand with them throughout this crisis," Power said.

The Armenians of Karabakh – part of Azerbaijan that had been beyond Baku's control since the 1991 dissolution of the Soviet Union – began fleeing after their forces were routed in the operation by Azerbaijan's military. REUTERS

Georgian, Armenian defence ministers sign cooperation deal

Agenda, Georgia
Nov 17 2023

Georgian and Armenian defence ministers Juansher Burchuladze and Suren Papikyan on Friday signed a deal on cooperation between the ministries of the two countries.

The Georgian Defence Ministry said the signing took place as part of Burchuladze’s visit to Armenia, where the official and his counterpart reviewed the security environment in the Black Sea region.

The Georgian Minister told his colleague Georgia was “ready to promote peace” in the region.

The parties also discussed “current and future” defence cooperation between their states.

RFE/RL Armenian Service – 11/17/2023

                                        Friday, 


ICJ Order Says Baku Must Ensure Safety Of Armenians Who Want To Return To 
Nagorno-Karabakh


The International Court of Justice (ICJ) has published a preliminary order 
calling on Azerbaijan to ensure the safety of Armenians who want to return to 
Nagorno-Karabakh following Azerbaijan’s lightning offensive in September that 
resulted in Baku regaining control of the region.

The ICJ decision on November 17 concluded that pending a final decision in the 
case, Azerbaijan must ensure that people who left Nagorno-Karabakh after 
September 19 and wish to return “are able to do so in a safe, unimpeded, and 
expeditious manner.”

The same applies to people who wish to depart Nagorno-Karabakh, while those who 
wish to stay must remain “free from the use of force or intimidation that may 
cause them to flee,” the court said in its decision, approved 13-2 by the judges.

The judges also called on Azerbaijan to “protect and preserve registration, 
identity, and private property documents and records” of people in the region 
and told the country to submit a report to the UN’s top court within eight weeks 
on the steps taken to apply the provisional measures.

The decision is a preliminary step in a case brought by Armenia accusing 
Azerbaijan of breaching an international convention against racial 
discrimination linked to Nagorno-Karabakh. Azerbaijan also has brought a case 
against Armenia alleging breaches of the same convention. It is likely to take 
years to resolve the cases.

The Azerbaijani Foreign Ministry said Baku welcomed the court’s decision, saying 
it confirms the sovereignty and territorial integrity of Azerbaijan.

“It is worth noting that the court also rejected the groundless and ridiculous 
request to withdraw the personnel of all the military and law enforcement 
agencies of Azerbaijan from the Karabakh region,” the Azerbaijani Foreign 
Ministry said in a statement.

According to the statement, the measures mentioned by the court accept the 
already declared policy of the Azerbaijani government regarding the Armenian 
residents of Karabakh.

“This includes our commitment to ensure the safety and security of all 
residents, regardless of national or ethnic origin,” it said.

The decision released on November 17 comes after Armenia asked The Hague-based 
ICJ to order so-called provisional measures guaranteeing safety and protecting 
property and identity documents.

Armenia made the request after Azerbaijan’s army routed ethnic Armenian forces 
in Nagorno-Karabakh in a 24-hour campaign that began on September 19. The 
region’s ethnic Armenian government agreed within days to disband itself by the 
end of the year as more than 100,000 ethnic Armenians fled Nagorno-Karabakh.

The Azerbaijani Foreign Ministry’s statement reiterated the country’s position 
that it did not force out any ethnic Armenians and that many left despite the 
government’s call for them to stay.

Azerbaijani Deputy Foreign Minister Elnur Mammadov pledged at a hearing before 
the ICJ in October that Azerbaijan would do all it could to ensure the safety 
and rights of all citizens in the region.

The court said on November 17 that the pledges “are binding and create legal 
obligations for Azerbaijan.”

The ICJ decision also said that Azerbaijan’s operation in Nagorno-Karabakh took 
place in the context of “the long-standing exposure of the population of 
Nagorno-Karabakh to a situation of vulnerability and social precariousness.”

It said the residents of Nagorno-Karabakh “have been severely impacted by the 
long-lasting disruption of the connection between Nagorno-Karabakh and Armenia 
via the Lachin Corridor.”





Azerbaijan Urged To Return To ‘Constructive Discussions’

        • Ruzanna Stepanian

Artur Hovannisian, a member of the ruling Civil Contract faction in the Armenian 
parliament


Assessing negatively Baku’s decision to cancel an upcoming meeting of the 
foreign ministers of Armenia and Azerbaijan in Washington on November 20, the 
Armenian ruling party has called on Azerbaijan to return to the field of 
“constructive discussions.”

“We see a non-constructive approach, which, in turn, can cause many problems and 
risks,” Artur Hovannisian, a lawmaker representing Prime Minister Nikol 
Pashinian’s Civil Contract faction in the National Assembly, told RFE/RL’s 
Armenian Service on Friday.

Azerbaijan canceled talks planned in Washington for November 20, complaining 
about the statements of James O’Brien, a senior U.S. Department of State 
official who criticized Baku during a recent congressional hearing, warning that 
“nothing will be normal with Azerbaijan” after its one-day military operation 
against Nagorno-Karabakh in September “until we see progress on the peace track.”

In response, Baku described this approach by the United States as “one-sided”, 
warning that Washington could lose its role as a mediator.

Earlier, Azerbaijan also refused to attend meetings in Granada and Brussels that 
were planned by leaders of the European Union.

The government of Armenia, however, says it still does not rule out the signing 
of a peace treaty with Azerbaijan by the end of the year.

“We do not rule out anything. We are moving forward constructively with the 
peace agenda, and I repeat, I also hope that with the mediation and efforts of 
our international partners, it will be possible to move forward effectively and 
return Azerbaijan to a constructive framework,” Hovannisian stressed.

Artur Khachatrian, a lawmaker with the opposition Hayastan faction in the 
Armenian parliament, meanwhile, said that he believed that Azerbaijani President 
Ilham Aliyev rejected the meetings organized first by the European Union and 
then through the mediation of the United States because “Western platforms are 
no longer interesting to Azerbaijan.”

Artur Khachatrian

“Baku has already got what it wanted, namely Artsakh [Nagorno-Karabakh – red.],” 
he said.

“Let’s not forget that for the first time in the history of the Third Republic 
of Armenia, without having any right to do that, [an Armenian leader], Nikol 
Pashinian, has recognized the sovereignty of Azerbaijan over the Republic of 
Artsakh on the Western platform. They got what they wanted on those platforms, 
now they have nothing to get from there anymore. That’s the main reason,” the 
opposition lawmaker told RFE/RL’s Armenian Service.

“What it is fraught with? A new war?” he added.

The fact that Azerbaijan has canceled three meetings in the last two months, 
according to another opposition lawmaker Tigran Abrahamian, shows that Baku is 
buying time, trying to understand whether it is worth taking the path of 
military operations to achieve its maximum goals.

Tigran Abrahamian

“I think that a certain calculation and re-evaluation of the balance of forces 
is taking place in Azerbaijan at the moment, because it is obvious that 
Azerbaijan today also has territorial claims towards various settlements of the 
Republic of Armenia. Recently, they have been quite actively talking about 
so-called enclaves, about their demands in relation to eight villages, and maybe 
at this stage Azerbaijan is trying to gain time, to assess the situation and see 
whether to resort to military action in specific directions in order to achieve 
its maximum goals,” Abrahamian, of the Pativ Unem faction, told RFE/RL’s 
Armenian Service.

Officials in Azerbaijan routinely deny statements from the Armenian side about 
Baku’s being unconstructive in the negotiations, for their part accusing Yerevan 
of not willing to make headway in the peace process.




Washington Reaffirms Support For Armenia-Azerbaijan Peace Talks


Spokesperson for the U.S. Department of State Matthew Miller (file photo).


Washington has reaffirmed its support for peace talks between Azerbaijan and 
Armenia after Baku pulled out of an upcoming U.S.-hosted meeting citing “biased” 
remarks by a Department of State official.

During a press briefing on November 16 Matthew Miller, a spokesperson for the 
U.S. Department of State, was asked to comment on Baku’s step to refuse to 
participate in Washington talks planned at the level of foreign ministers.

Miller said that “we continue to support peace talks to resolve the issues 
between Azerbaijan and Armenia.”

“We would encourage the two parties to engage in those talks, whether they are 
here, whether they are somewhere else, and that’ll continue to be our policy,” 
he added.

Speaking to members of the House Foreign Affairs Committee’s Subcommittee on 
Europe as part of a hearing on “the future of Nagorno-Karabakh” on November 15, 
James O’Brien, assistant secretary at the U.S. State Department’s Bureau of 
European and Eurasian Affairs, said that Washington “made clear that nothing 
will be normal with Azerbaijan after the events of September 19 until we see 
progress on the peace track.”

The official referred to Baku’s one-day military operation in Nagorno-Karabakh 
as a result of which virtually the entire local Armenian population – more than 
100,000 people – fled to Armenia.

O’Brien said that Washington canceled a number of high-level visits to 
Azerbaijan in response to that action and that “we don’t anticipate submitting a 
waiver on Section 907 until such time that we see a real improvement.”

Section 907 of the Freedom Support Act passed along with the adoption of the 
legislation in 1992 bans any kind of direct United States aid to the Azerbaijani 
government. A decade later, however, U.S. lawmakers amended Section 907 to allow 
presidents to repeal it annually to provide military assistance to Azerbaijan 
such as for countering international terrorism and border security.

Azerbaijan on Thursday reacted angrily to the remarks by the U.S. State 
Department official that its Foreign Ministry described as a blow to relations 
between the two countries.

It said that Baku would, therefore, not send a delegation to Washington for 
talks between the foreign ministers of Azerbaijan and Armenia around a peace 
agreement that it said were planned for November 20.

Last month Azerbaijan also withdrew from at least two meetings planned by the 
European Union and European leaders.

Armenia, on the country, has indicated readiness to engage in further talks with 
Azerbaijan both in Brussels and Washington.

In his remarks during the congressional hearing O’Brien said that the next few 
weeks will be “critical” in the context of negotiations between Armenia and 
Azerbaijan.




France ‘Vigilant’ About Armenia’s 1991 Borders


French Ambassador to Armenia Olivier Decottignies on the slope of Mount Tezhkar 
near the Armenian-Azerbaijani border. .


France is vigilant about the territorial integrity of Armenia and respect for 
its 1991 borders, the French Embassy in Armenia said.

In a Thursday post on Facebook the embassy showed photographs of the French 
ambassador to Armenia hiking in the mountains, writing: “French Ambassador 
Olivier Decottignies on the slope of Mount Tezhkar, a strategic point in 
Armenian territory, on the border with Azerbaijan (Nakhichevan). France is 
particularly vigilant about the territorial integrity of Armenia and respect for 
its 1991 borders reiterated in the Prague Declaration.”

By referring to the 1991 borders, France implies the Almaty Declaration that was 
signed by Armenia, Azerbaijan and 10 other former Soviet republics in December 
1991 after the collapse of the USSR.

Armenian Prime Minister Nikol Pashinian and Azerbaijani President Ilham Aliyev 
issued a joint statement following their quadrilateral meeting in Prague on 
October 6, 2022 with French President Emmanuel Macron and European Council 
President Charles Michel, confirming their commitment to the Charter of the 
United Nations and the Alma-Ata 1991 Declaration through which both Armenia and 
Azerbaijan recognize each other’s territorial integrity and sovereignty.

During his visit to Tbilisi, Georgia, last month Pashinian stressed that the key 
meaning of that Alma-Ata Declaration is that the administrative borders that 
existed between the republics of the Soviet Union at the moment of the USSR’s 
collapse become state borders.

“We hope to sign a peace agreement with Azerbaijan in the coming months and 
restore relations based on these principles,” Pashinian said.

In his public statements on several occasions Azerbaijani leader Aliyev has said 
that his country has territorial claims to Armenia. But he has so far declined 
to recognize the integrity of Armenian territory in numerical terms, something 
that Pashinian has done repeatedly.

Pashinian has said that Azerbaijan’s narrative about what Armenia perceives as a 
demand for an extraterritorial land corridor to its western exclave of 
Nakhichevan and continued talk about “Western Azerbaijan”, suggesting that 
Azeris who left Armenia at the start of the conflict over Nagorno-Karabakh in 
the late 1980s had lived in their “historical lands,” shows that Azerbaijan is 
“preparing a new war against the Republic of Armenia.”

Azerbaijan has denied any aggressive plans against Armenian territory, 
condemning France for its supply of weapons to Armenia under a recent military 
cooperation agreement signed between the two countries.




EU To ‘Explore Options’ For Visa Liberalization With Armenia


Peter Stano, the European Commission’s lead spokesperson for foreign affairs and 
security policy (file photo).


The European Union is going to explore options for visa liberalization with 
Armenia, an official in Brussels has said.

Peter Stano, the European Commission’s lead spokesperson for foreign affairs and 
security policy, told Armenia’s state-run Armenpress news agency that “this 
means we will start the process to see whether it’s feasible, whether it’s 
possible.”

Stano said that “visa liberalization is something that is very important because 
it’s tangible and visible for people.”

“There are also tasks to be fulfilled on the side of the partner country, in 
this case of Armenia,” he said. “In general, for visa liberalization, there are 
technical requirements that means biometric passports, for example, but also 
political requirements to make sure that the political framework in the country 
prevents people from misusing the asylum system. First of all, that people are 
not forced to leave the country and claim asylum.”

Stano emphasized that they do not want to have a sudden increase in asylum 
seekers and want to prevent the misuse of the visa-free or liberalized travel 
regime.

He said that “if everything goes well, the process might bring a lot of benefits 
for the Armenian citizens.”

The EU’s Foreign Affairs Council on November 13 gave the green light to the 
European Commission to explore options for visa liberalization with Armenia.

The European Commission is to come up with a specific decision subject to 
ratification by all members of the 27-nation bloc.

Armenia’s Deputy Foreign Minister Paruyr Hovannisian said earlier this week that 
Yerevan considered it possible that negotiations on visa liberalization with the 
European Union would commence “in the coming months.”

He said he considered it positive that no EU member state had opposed the start 
of the process.

“It was difficult to ensure that consensus among all countries, but it was a 
very positive development,” the senior Armenian diplomat said.

“We will continue to actively work with the European Union and its member states 
to speed up that process as much as possible,” he added.

Back in 2016, the head of the European Union delegation to Armenia announced 
that Yerevan and Brussels would achieve visa liberalization in the near future. 
It is also provided for under the Comprehensive and Extended Partnership 
Agreement that Armenia signed with the EU in 2017. However, no significant 
progress has been made in terms of visa liberalization for Armenia since then.




Armenia To Formally Join ICC In February


Armenia has formally handed in its request to join the International Criminal 
Court (ICC) and will become a member in February, The Hague-based tribunal 
announced on November 17.
Yerevan last month signed the ratification of the ICC’s founding treaty also 
known as the Rome Statute, recognizing the Court’s jurisdiction. Armenia says 
this would allow the Court’s prosecutors to investigate alleged crimes committed 
in Nagorno-Karabakh.

Baku in September retook complete control of the region after a lightning 
offensive, resulting in more than 100,000 ethnic Armenians fleeing across the 
border into Armenia. Yerevan has accused Baku of “ethnic cleansing” in the 
region, a claim Azerbaijan strongly denies.

Risking more tensions with Russia, Armenian Prime Minister Nikol Pashinian met 
on November 10 with Karim Khan, the chief prosecutor of the ICC who issued an 
arrest warrant for Russian President Vladimir Putin in March. The meeting took 
place on the sidelines of an annual Paris Peace Forum held in the French capital.

One week after the order for Putin’s arrest over war crimes allegedly committed 
by Russia in Ukraine Armenia’s Constitutional Court gave the green light for 
parliamentary ratification of the Rome Statute. Despite stern warnings issued by 
the Russian leadership in the following months, the National Assembly controlled 
by Pashinian’s party ratified the treaty on October 3.

The move added to unprecedented tensions between the two states. Russian 
officials said it will cause serious damage to Russian-Armenian relations. They 
dismissed Yerevan’s assurances that the ratification does not commit it to 
arresting Putin and handing him over to the ICC in the event of his visit to 
Armenia.

The Armenian Foreign Ministry said earlier this month that it has proposed to 
Moscow a bilateral agreement that “can dispel the concerns of the Russian 
Federation.” Russian lawmakers brushed aside the proposal.




1 Killed, 3 Injured In Yerevan University Blast, Fire


An ambulance car and police work near a Yerevan State University building. 
.


One person was killed and three others were injured in a blast and subsequent 
fire at a Yerevan State University (YSU) building on Thursday morning, the 
Armenian police, healthcare authorities and the university’s administration said.

Initially, the YSU reported only fire, saying that it began in one of the rooms 
of the basement floor in Building N1. It said that the fire was extinguished and 
“appropriate actions” were being taken. It said the fire was caused by a voltage 
fluctuation, but did not elaborate.

The Ministry of Health, in its turn, reported that three persons were 
hospitalized from the scene of the fire at one of the YSU buildings. It said all 
three were getting the necessary medical care and undergoing examinations. No 
other details regarding their current conditions were reported immediately. The 
Ministry of Health also confirmed that one person was killed in the fire.

The Ministry of Internal Affairs later reported that an explosion took place in 
the 100-square-meter basement of YSU’s chemistry department that caused a 
subsequent fire.

The report said that the room where the blast occurred was intended for a 
pumping station, but it also served as a dressing room for maintenance workers. 
It said that next to it was a room for storage of chemicals, but there was no 
fire in that room. The Ministry of Internal Affairs said that an on-site 
investigation was carried out by chemists and no dangerous gases were detected 
in the air.

The ministry reported that one of the employees died on the spot and three 
people were taken to hospital, including one patrol service officer who was 
hospitalized with symptoms of smoke inhalation and whose condition is currently 
assessed as satisfactory.

The ministry said the rescue service was alerted to the incident at 9:40 am. It 
said the fire in the university basement was contained at 10:11 a.m. and 
extinguished at 10:23 a.m.

“Household items and wooden structures were burned in the compressor room. 
Investigation is underway to find out the circumstances of the incident,” it 
said.



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