‘Mercenaries’ Court Case Won’t Be Any Time Soon’

‘Mercenaries’ Court Case Won’t Be Any Time Soon’

Sunday Times (Johannesburg)
NEWS
April 11, 2004
Posted to the web April 11, 2004

By Julian Rademeyer
Johannesburg

Fourteen men accused of planning to overthrow the president of
Equatorial Guinea will remain behind bars in the West African
country’s notorious Black Beach prison until an investigation into the
alleged mercenary plot has been completed – a process that could take
months.

The alleged mercenaries, among them seven South Africans and six
Armenians, have been imprisoned for more than a month without access
to lawyers. They have yet to appear in court.

One mercenary, German national Gerhard Eugen Nershz, died on March 16.

Cerebral malaria was officially cited as the cause of death but there
have been persistent claims that he was savagely tortured. At least
two prisoners are believed to have been treated for malaria.

In an interview this week with the Sunday Times in the country’s tiny
island capital of Malabo, Justice Minister Ruben Maye Nsue Mangue
said: “They will appear in court when the charges are prepared. They
will be charged after the completion of the investigation… It will
be some time.”

Maye said two “Russian” prisoners (a reference to the Armenians) and
not two South Africans, as reported earlier this week, had been
hospitalised.

“I understand there were two Russian pilots admitted to hospital and
not South Africans. But now everybody is okay. Nobody is in hospital,”
he said.

Government officials, speaking on condition of anonymity, said two
foreigners had been treated for malaria in the Malabo General
Hospital.

Maye said a Red Cross representative visited the men in prison this
week.

“All I want you to transmit to the families of the men is that their
loved ones are under the protection of the rule of human rights.

“Equatorial Guinea today is not the Equatorial Guinea of the 1960s
during the Spanish colonial period or the 1970s during the
dictatorship. We are trying to observe fundamental human
rights. .. Your people have been visited this week by the
International Red Cross. We are not torturing them.”

The Red Cross was not available for comment.

Maye said he found the “deep concern” expressed by South African
government officials and Amnesty International about the conditions in
which the men were being held disturbing.

“What worries us is the silence among people about the outrage of this
plot – and their deep concern for these men. We will take as good care
of them as our resources permit. They will have their day in court.”

Last week, South Africa’s deputy head of the National Prosecuting
Authority, Jan Henning, a member of a delegation which visited the
South Africans in custody, said the South African government should
not accede to requests from Equatorial Guinea’s government for
assistance in prosecuting the men.

“We cannot be seen to assist with a court process that does not comply
with our respect for human rights. .. At the end of the day, there is
a possibility they could be executed,” he said.

“Basic values we have that persons arrested must be brought before
court within 48 hours, a right to legal access – those values are
obviously not recognised there,” added Henning.

Speaking to the Sunday Times, Equatorial Guinea’ s Minister of
Information, Agustin Nse-Nfumu, dismissed Henning’s remarks as
“ridiculous”.

“How do you want them to be taken to court when we are still
investigating? There are things I don’t understand.”

Referring to Henning’s comments that the delegation felt “unwelcome
and unsafe” in the country, Nse-Nfumu said : ” I think the way he
behaved does not correspond with his status. .. If we didn’t want him
to be welcome, I don’t see why we’d invite him.”

BAKU: Azerbaijan better prepared for Karabakh war than in 1993 – TV

Azerbaijan better prepared for Karabakh war than in 1993 – TV

ANS TV, Baku
4 Apr 04

The Azerbaijani army, economy and public are now better prepared for
war than they were back in 1993, the commercial Azerbaijani ANS TV has
said in a wide-ranging analysis of a possible resumption of military
hostilities between Armenia and Azerbaijan over the breakaway Nagornyy
Karabakh Republic. This time, there may also be “less US pressure” on
Azerbaijan, the TV said. It added that the war might damage
Azerbaijan’s economic development and delay the construction of an oil
pipeline to link Baku with the Turkish port of Ceyhan via Tbilisi. The
following is the text of a report by Azerbaijani TV station ANS on 4
April; subheadings inserted editorially:

[Presenter over archive footage] That the economic situation at this
juncture, with the Turkish-Armenian border closed, favours Azerbaijan
is beyond any doubts. The political and military situation is
gradually putting Azerbaijan at an advantage as well provided,
naturally, that Ankara’s position remains unchanged.

The Armenian leadership sees the gap between the present regional
situation and Armenia’s ambitions. The Armenian leaders are trying to
change the objective situation by their subjective views. This
contradiction is the reason behind Armenia’s attempts to use the same
political leverages and ideological machinery in 2004 as in
1990-93. However, this time the war may not benefit Armenia.

Armenian government’s interest in the conflict

The threat of war between Azerbaijan and Armenia is still there. The
resumption of military operations, which were stopped in 1994, seems
possible for several political reasons. First of all, the Armenian
government, and specifically President Robert Kocharyan, intend to
resolve the domestic tension, created by the democratic and economic
crisis, by bringing to the foreground the Nagornyy Karabakh
conflict. Because it is possible to re-unite the Armenian public,
divided over the socioeconomic crisis and election problems, by
exploiting the Nagornyy Karabakh conflict and threats from Azerbaijan
and Turkey. It is for this reason that Kocharyan has recently
attempted to revive the old anti-Azerbaijani slogans which were
popular in Armenia between 1989 and 1993 and thus push to the
background social and economic problems.

However, Armenia and Kocharyan will face many risks should they
restart the Karabakh war. The geopolitical situation in the region is
drastically different from the one in 1993. Most importantly, the
Azerbaijani military is not as incompetent and the Azerbaijani public
is not as politically inexperienced as they were at that time. The
socioeconomic situation in Azerbaijan is much better than it is in
Armenia, reducing thus the resistance of Armenian society in case of a
confrontation between Armenia and Azerbaijan. Economic downturn,
failure of the policy to grab Nagornyy Karabakh from Azerbaijan and
changes in regional geopolitics have ideologically eroded the Armenian
public. Therefore, the changes in the balance of power, both at home
and abroad, may result in shortening Kocharyan’s rule.

Pipeline opponents

Finally, a second Nagornyy Karabakh war between Armenia and Azerbaijan
may be of interest to those forces which oppose the construction of
the Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan pipeline. When credits were sought to build
the pipeline, it was plain to see how numerous and strong are the
opponents of the Baku-Ceyhan project.

US position changes

Azerbaijan, in turn, may be interested in carrying out a fast and
successful military operation in Nagornyy Karabakh. Azerbaijan has
greatly deepened its military cooperation with the USA and in the wake
of his latest visit to Washington, Azerbaijani Defence Minister Safar
Abiyev said that war remains a possibility. This means that this time
there may be less US pressure on Azerbaijan if the war in Karabakh is
resumed, and America will not pass again, as it did in 1992, something
like the Section 907 [to the Freedom Support Act banning direct US aid
to the Azerbaijani government, now temporarily suspended]. The reason
is that taking any steps against the Azerbaijani government may affect
the counterterrorism coalition’s operations in Afghanistan and
Iraq. On the other hand, when US Assistant Secretary of State for
European and Eurasian Affairs Elizabeth Jones was asked in Congress
why the USA plans to allocate 8m dollars to Azerbaijan and only 2m
dollars to Armenia in military aid, thus breaking the parity between
the sides, she said that this will not damage the balance of powers in
the region. She added that the USA had taken no commitment to preserve
such a parity between Armenia and Azerbaijan. Looked at from this
perspective, Russia’s attitude to Azerbaijan is also dramatically
different from what it used to be in 1992-93.

Second, if Azerbaijan shows that it is actually ready to resume the
Karabakh war, the plans to re-open the Turkish-Armenian border may be
scrapped. Baku is certainly interested in that. Third, the remaining
threat of war prevents the inflow of investment in Armenia and
Nagornyy Karabakh and this is an important plank of Azerbaijan’s
strategy to deal with the conflict.

War’s economic impact on Azerbaijan

Yet, some aspects of the resumed war represent drawbacks for
Azerbaijan. They are only related to the economic development and
delay in the construction of the Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan pipeline. New
military operations may stop investments in the Azerbaijani economy
and slow down the successful economic development. On the other hand,
conflict may create serious problems for the pipeline. Taking into
consideration all these issues, if faced with the necessity of war,
Azerbaijan may only decide to go to war if it can wage a lightning,
fast and completely successful military operation.

Classical Score: In Armenia, Discovering The Past And The Present

Classical Score: In Armenia, Discovering The Past And The Present

Billboard
3/27/2004

By Anastasia Tsioulcas

Armenian composer Tigran Mansurian is a man of passion and intensity.

Whether discussing his friendship with Dmitri Shostakovich, describing
his childhood in Beirut, Lebanon, or recounting the influence of William
Faulkner’s writings on his work, Mansurian punctuates his reflections
with sweeping hand motions and piercing glances.

Yet the 65-year-old’s own music exemplifies the power and pungency of
the small and subtle gesture. Renowned violist Kim Kashkashian — herself
Armenian-American — explains the appeal of Mansurian’s music this way:
“His writing is very distilled, very concentrated. The intensity is
extreme.”

Mansurian says his music is steeped not just in Armenian music and
history but is also influenced by a Japanese artist he observed some 30
years ago.

“I saw an ikebana artist creating a composition from flowers,” he says,
“and the theory behind this art is to reveal beauty through simplicity.
When they cut off
leaves, you can see the childhood of the plant. From that emptiness, you
imagine and create life yourself.”

Despite his renown at home and his friendships with such colleagues as
Arvo Part, Alfred Schnittke, Sofia Gubaidulina, Valentin Silvestrov and
others, Mansurian
is not well-known internationally. However, that is rapidly changing.

Since their first meeting several years ago, Kashkashian has become a
champion of Mansurian’s work, and the composer has written several works
for her.
Kashkashian’s advocacy has blossomed into a long-term commitment to
Mansurian from producer/ECM label head Manfred Eicher.

The first fruit of that relationship arrived last July, when the
Munich-based ECM released “Hayren,” a disc that included Mansurian’s
piece “Havik” as well
as songs by the revered Armenian composer/ethnomusicologist Komitas
(1869-1935), arranged by Mansurian.

On March 30, ECM continues to explore Mansurian’s exceptional work with
a two-CD set titled “Monodia.” Two compositions on the new disc were written
expressly for Kashkashian: the 1995 viola concerto “And Then I Was in
Time Again . . .” and “Confessing With Faith” for viola and voices (in
which Kashkashian is joined by the Hilliard Ensemble).

“Lachrymae,” a piece for viola and saxophone, is played here by its
dedicatees, Kashkashian and Jan Garbarek (who makes his instrument sound
remarkably
like the traditional Armenian duduk). Rounding out the collection is
1981’s Violin Concerto, played by Leonidas Kavakos.

PHOTO (COLOR): MANSURIAN: WRITES MUSIC WITH ‘EXTREME’ INTENSITY

United Communist Party Calls Other Communists for Coop, People

UNITED COMMUNIST PARTY OF ARMENIA CALLS OTHER COMMUNISTS FOR COOPERATION,
PEOPLE FOR REALIZATION OF SITUATION, AUTHORITIES FOR SECURING SAFETY

YEREVAN, March 25 (Noyan Tapan). Yuri Manoukian was elected the first
Secretary of the Central Committe of the United Communist Party of
Armenia during the first congress of the party, which was held om
March 25. These are the first elections of the party’s
leadership,which testify that the party is established. The Congres
was a closed one and 230 delegates took part in its work. 77 members
were included in the structure of the Central Committee. 17 members
are in the structure of the Bureau of the Central Committee of the
United Communist Party of Armenia. A press conference was held on the
same day and the leadership of the party read the statement of the
party directed to the people and other political
organizations. Declaring themselves an opposition party, the United
Communist Party of Armenia, refuses to cooperate with the current
opposition.”One shouldn’t lead the people to confrontation with the
danger of consequences that are not predictable and put the existance
of the state at stake,” Yuri Manoukian stated, naming the opposition
political figures the tratiors of the nation that act for the sake of
their own interests. At the same time, the United Communist Party of
Armenia calls two other Communist parties, namely, the Communist Party
of Armenia and the Progressive Communist Party, for uniting with the
UCPA around the general idea of building the Socialism. According to
Manoukian, UCPA still hopes to come to an aggrement with the communist
Party of Armenia, though, he stated, that knowing his party-fellows,
he can say that their position is both indefinite and speculative.
Turning to the people, the UCPA, calls for not takeing decisive
measures that can turn fatal for the country, as the hard foreign
political situation requires political stability.

The UCPA demands from the authorities to take decisive measures for
securing the safety of the country for the sake of the very existence
of the Armenian state. Besides, the UCPA is against the power
shift. Hrant Voskanian, one of the idealogists of the party, member of
the Bureau of the Central Committe of the UCPA, agreed that the
parties at power bear the responsibility for the hard situation in the
country. But, according to him, the fate of the people and their
country is not the monopoly of only one party, but the concern of
all.”The power shift is no goal in itself and doesn’t proceed from the
interests of the people,” Voskanian said.

We may use any broadcasting frequency

Azat Artsakh – Republic of Nagorno Karabakh (NKR)
March 26, 2004

WE MAY USE ANY BROADCASTING FREQUENCY

The Azerbaijani mass media write that in one of the regions of
Azerbaijan Armenian programs are broadcast by the TV channel ANS thus
hindering viewing the programs of this channel. The mentioned programs
are broadcast through the transmitter placed in the town Shoushi
which, according to the Azerbaijani party, belongs to them. To find
out more we talked to the director of `Atsakhkap’ Souren Mirzoyan. He
said that the transmitter of Shoushi provides broadcasting in a number
of villages, towns Askeran and a part of Stepanakert in NKR. `As to
the anxiety of our neighbours, we also have similar problems. Powerful
transmitters placed in the territory of Azerbaijan hinder broadcasting
of our TV programs. For this reason we choose a more convenient
broadcasting frequency from the point of view of transmitting. If the
channel we have chosen hinders them, we may discuss the question
together and in case of an agreement change it. And as to the
transmitter placed in Shoushi, it is registered in the assets of
`Artsakhkap’ and is the property of the company. Naturally with the
right of the master we may use the transmitters which are our property
in our territory and make use of any broadcasting frequency. We do not
pursue any other aim but to provide normal broadcasting in the
republic.’ Currently in the capital more than ten TV channels are
available. The director of the company informed that an agreement was
signed by the Armenian TV channel `Armenia’ and soon the programs of
this channel will be broadcast in the territory of the republic.

AA.

Artsakh chess-players in the final

Azat Artsakh – Republic of Nagorno Karabakh (NKR)
March 26, 2004

ARTSAKH CHESS-PLAYERS IN THE FINAL

At the Central House of Chess in Yerevan the semi-final of the youth
championship 2004 of Armenia was held from March 11 to 21 with the
participation of he representatives of the regions of Armenia and
Artsakh. From Artsakh the performance of Edward Ghukassian and Kamo
Ulubabian was especially successful. In the age group 17-18 Edward
Ghukassian gathered 6 points of the possible 6 and took the third
place. In the age group 13-14 Kamo Ulubabian also gathered 6 points.
The two chess-players will take part in the final of the youth
championship of the Republic of Armenia.

ANAHIT DANIELIAN

EU discusses involvement of S Caucasus in Wider Europe

ITAR-TASS News Agency
TASS
March 24, 2004 Wednesday 7:57 AM Eastern Time

EU discusses involvement of S Caucasus in Wider Europe

By Tigran Liloyan

YEREVAN

The European Union is discussing a possibility of involving the South
Caucasus in Wider EuropeNew Neighbours Initiative, said Heikki
Talvitie, EU Special Envoy to the South Caucasus.

In his meeting with Armenian Prime Minister Andranik Margaryan on
Wednesday, Ambassador Talvitie said he is hopeful that this process
would yield positive results. He is in Yerevan on a four-day visit as
part of an extended regional tour

In order to achieve this goal the EU envoy stressed that it would
necessary to develop regional cooperation, encourage economic
relations between the region and West European countries, and settle
the existing conflicts, in particular the crisis in Nagorno-Karabakh.

Talvitie said he is ready to help find a peaceful solution to the
Nagorno-Karabakh problem.

ARKA News Agency – 03/24/2004

ARKA News Agency
March 24 2004

ENTRY OF VNYESHTORGBANK AT ARMENIAN MARKET TO ALLOW INCREASING OF
ARMENIAN POPULATION TRUST TO BANKING SYSTEM

YEREVAN, March 24./ARKA/ Entry of Vnyeshtorgbank at Armenian market
will allow increasing of Armenian population trust to banking system,
Chairman of VTB Board Andrey Kostin stated at the meeting with RA
Prime Minister Andranik Margarian. Kostin stressed that Russia
reports growth of population trust to the banks.
He noted mutual importance of the deal and said that VTB will make
everything for development of Armsavingsbank. First of all for
improvement of servicing of the population, stimulation of investment
programs and deepening of economic and trade relations between the
countries. According to him, political stability in Armenia, level of
economic growth, economic policy of the Government and liberal legal
field of the banking system are favorable for realization of this
goal.
RA Prime Minister said that the Government is ready to provide
practical assistance to VTB, which will contribute to tightening of
traditional economic and trade links between RA and RF.
Russian Vnyeshtorgbank purchased 70% of Armsavingsbank (Armenia)
shares. The signing of the agreement took place today. L.D. -0 –

Global Report X-rays Corruption in Nigeria

Global Report X-rays Corruption in Nigeria
By Etim Imisim

This Day News, Nigeria

Transparency International (TI) will on Thursday, March 25 launch its
“Global Corruption Report 2004” at Terrace Court in London.

Global anti-corruption watchdog TI is also presenting its National
Integrity Index (NIS), which will x-ray and probe governance issues in
Nigeria and 24 other countries. The second in the series of country
studies, the NIS covers 2002-4. The focus is political corruption.

Other countries covered are Armenia, Australia, Bangladesh, India,
Jamaica, Kenya, Malawi, Malaysia, Mauritius, Mozambique and New
Zealand. Other are Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Sierra Leone, South
Africa, Sri Lanka, Tanzania, The Gambia, Uganda, United Kingdom,
Zambia and Zimbabwe. A composite study is being done of the Caribbean.

The Dutch government funded the first series of TI NIS country
studies, which focused on 2001. TI worked then with the Fraud
Management Studies Unit of the University of Teesside, Liverpool. The
subsequent series of 25 country studies is being funded by the British
Government’s Department For International Development.

TI’s previous country probes have never been flattering to
Nigeria. The last ratings and earlier ones declared the country the
second most corrupt nation on Planet Earth, which the authorities
dispute.

But last week visiting World Bank President, James Wolfensohn, cited
TI’s Nigerian corruption score when he indicted the nation for doing
too little to fight corruption.

The bank holds corruption responsible for political instability. It
believes no meaningful development is possible in a country where
corruption is as pervasive as it says it has discovered in Nigeria.

“Cultural Genocide, Turkey” exhibition slated for late April

ArmenPress
March 19 2004

‘CULTURAL GENOCIDE, TURKEY’ EXHIBITION SLATED FOR LATE APRIL

YEREVAN, MARCH 19, ARMENPRESS: A photo exhibition of destructed
Armenian cultural and architectural monuments in the territory of
modern Turkey will open in Yerevan in late April, timed with the
89-th anniversary of the 1915 genocide. Titled “Cultural Genocide,
Turkey”, it will display photos depicting the current and previous
state of hundreds of Armenian monuments in Western Armenia (now
eastern Turkey).
Samvel Karapetian, chairman of a non-governmental organization
studying Armenian architectural monuments, says the exposition is to
show the policy of Turkey, wishing to stand side by side with
civilized EU countries, towards cultural values.