RFE/RL Armenian Report – 08/06/2019

                                        Tuesday, 

Baku Raps Armenian PM Over Stepanakert Speech

        • Hrach Melkumian

A government building in Baku, Azerbaijan (file photo)

Official Baku has strongly condemned Armenian Prime Minister Nikol Pashinian’s 
statement made at an August 5 rally in Stepanakert that “Artsakh 
[Nagorno-Karabakh] is Armenia.”

“Nagorno-Karabakh is Azerbaijan. It is our historic and inseparable land,” said 
Hikmet Haciyev, head of the Foreign Relations Department of the Azerbaijani 
President’s Administration.

The Azerbaijani official described Pashinian’s statement as provocative, saying 
that by such rhetoric Armenia’s leadership is bringing the region to the brink 
of a “serious crisis”.

“Let no one doubt that Azerbaijan will restore its territorial integrity. 
Responsibility for the consequences lies with the Armenian side,” said Haciyev, 
as quoted by Azerbaijani media.

Armenia and Azerbaijan are locked in a dispute over Nagorno-Karabakh, an 
Armenian-populated region that has been de-facto independent from Baku after a 
three-year war in the early 1990s, in which an estimated 30,000 people were 
killed and hundreds of thousands were displaced.

Despite a 1994 ceasefire, loss of life has continued in the conflict zone in 
recurrent border skirmishes and sporadic fighting.

An internationally mediated peace process spearheaded by the Organization for 
Security and Cooperation in Europe’s Minsk Group has so far failed to produce a 
lasting settlement of the conflict.

Pashinian addressed a crowd of several thousand people at Stepanakert’s central 
Renaissance Square on the eve of the ceremonial opening of the seventh 
Pan-Armenian Games.

The quadrennial Games held in Yerevan bring together ethnic Armenian athletes 
from around the world and are designed to foster closer relationships between 
Armenia and its far-flung Diaspora. This year the Nagorno-Karabakh capital 
hosts the Games opening ceremony.

In his speech, Pashinian also called for the consolidation of the “pan-Armenian 
potential” in realizing the nation’s strategic goals.

In the context of the Nagorno-Karabakh settlement, the head of the Armenian 
government said that the goal of negotiations with Azerbaijan should be “the 
defense of the achievements of the liberation struggle waged for the 
sovereignty and security of the Karabakh people.”

“Any solution reached as a result of negotiations that will be considered 
acceptable for the governments of Armenia and Nagorno-Karabakh can be regarded 
as such only if it is popularly endorsed by people in Armenia and 
Nagorno-Karabakh,” Pashinian concluded.


Outlined ‘Strategic Goals’ Call For Higher Growth Rates, Says Economist

        • Artak Khulian

Economist Bagrat Asatrian

Economist Bagrat Asatrian describes the long-term strategic goals outlined by 
Armenian Prime Minister Nikol Pashinian on August 6 as ‘fantastic’, stressing 
that much higher growth rates are needed to fulfill them.

Addressing a rally in the Nagorno-Karabakh capital of Stepanakert last night, 
Pashinian unveiled a list of strategic goals that he said Armenian governments 
should achieve by 2050. In particular, he said that in the next three decades 
Armenia’s population should grow from the current 3 million to at least 5 
million people and the country’s gross domestic product (GDP) should be 
increased 15 times.

Anticipating skeptical assessments by economists and analysts, Pashinian 
stressed in his speech that after achieving “the impossible” during the 2018 
“velvet revolution”, Armenians are no longer interested in “what is possible.”

“What is possible to implement is no longer interesting for us. We are 
interested in what everyone considers to be impossible to realize. Because the 
Armenian people have already realized what is impossible!” he said.

Asatrian, who served as governor of Armenia’s Central Bank in 1994-1998, told 
RFE/RL’s Armenian Service (Azatutyun.am) on Tuesday that Armenia needs to 
dramatically accelerate its rate of development to get on track for the goals 
outlined by the prime minister. Otherwise, he said, it will be impossible to 
achieve them by 2050.

Asatrian assessed the current rate of growth as positive, but still 
insufficient. “We have semi-annual results of [economic activity] at 6.5 
percent, which can be said to be a good rate, especially given the qualitative 
shifts. But at this rate of growth we will at best quadruple our GDP in 30 
years. In other words, we need to grow three to four times faster to achieve 
that result,” said Asatrian.

United Nations Population Fund Assistant Representative Tsovinar Harutiunian 
attached importance to the population growth benchmark set by Pashinian, but 
said significant changes in a number of areas are needed to achieve that.

“We can evaluate it only if we see much more specific programs, including 
calculations, resources, a timetable and expected outcomes,” Harutiunian said.

The UN Population Fund currently estimates that Armenia’s population will be 
reduced by 150,000 by 2050.

Armenia’s former President Serzh Sarkisian declared in 2017 a strategic goal of 
increasing the country’s population to 4 million by 2040.


Karabakh Capital Hosts Opening Ceremony For Pan-Armenian Games


The ceremonial opening of the 7th Summer Pan-Armenian Games in Stepanakert, 
Nagorno-Karabakh, August 6, 2019

The Seventh Summer Pan-Armenian Games opened in Stepanakert in a ceremony held 
at the Nagorno-Karabakh capital’s stadium on August 6.

The quadrennial Games bringing together hundreds of ethnic Armenian athletes 
from around the world are designed to foster closer relationships between 
Armenia and its far-flung Diaspora.

This year Stepanakert has been chosen to co-host the Games. Most of the 
competitions, however, will still be held the Armenian capital of Yerevan.

Armenia is an ethnically homogenous country that has a population of about 3 
million. But twice as many ethnic Armenians are believed to live abroad. Most 
of them are descendants of survivors of the 1915 massacres in Ottoman Turkey 
that more than two dozen governments of the world as well as many historians 
recognize as the first genocide of the 20th century.

Summer Pan-Armenian games have been held in Armenia since 1999. In 2014, the 
first winter Pan-Armenian Games took place in the Armenian ski resort town of 
Tsaghkadzor.

Nearly 5,300 athletes and sports delegation members coming from more than three 
dozen countries are attending the current Games that feature sports like 
soccer, basketball, volleyball, golf, swimming, badminton, tennis, track and 
field athletics, cycling and others. The Games will close in Yerevan on August 
17.

Armenian Prime Minister Nikol Pashinian also attended the opening ceremony at 
Stepanakert’s Stepan Shahumian Republican Stadium.

Meeting with organizers of the Games earlier on Tuesday, Pashinian called it 
“symbolic” that this year the opening of the pan-Armenian sporting event takes 
place in the Nagorno-Karabakh capital. He said that the Games can become “a 
good platform for our pan-national conversation.”

“I think that it will be very useful if we really manage to expand the idea of 
pan-Armenianism. In this sense, of course, the Pan-Armenian Games have a very 
important and exceptional significance,” the head of the Armenian government 
underscored.

Addressing a rally in Stepanakert the day before, Pashinian also called for a 
pan-Armenian consolidation. Outlining a number of strategic goals that he said 
Armenians should achieve by 2050, Pashinian said that “Artsakh 
[Nagorno-Karabakh] is Armenia, period.”

The remark was strongly condemned by Azerbaijan that does not recognize 
Nagorno-Karabakh’s sovereignty and considers it to be its territory.

Azerbaijani media quoted presidential aide Hikmet Haciyev as describing 
Pashinian’s statement as provocative and stressing that by such rhetoric 
Armenia’s leadership is bringing the region to the verge of a “serious crisis.”

Armenia and Azerbaijan are locked in a dispute over Nagorno-Karabakh, an 
Armenian-populated region that has been de-facto independent from Baku after a 
three-year war in the early 1990s, in which an estimated 30,000 people were 
killed and hundreds of thousands were displaced.

Despite a 1994 ceasefire, loss of life has continued in the conflict zone in 
recurrent border skirmishes and sporadic fighting.

An internationally mediated peace process spearheaded by the Organization for 
Security and Cooperation in Europe’s Minsk Group has so far failed to produce a 
lasting settlement of the conflict.



Press Review


“Zhoghovurd” says that apart from being an occasion for strengthening ties 
among Armenians from around the world, pan-Armenian Games also provide a good 
opportunity for local businesses. The paper reminds its readers that this year 
the opening of the Games is due to take place in the Nagorno-Karabakh capital 
of Stepanakert on August 6. “It is several days now that hotels and inns in and 
around Stepanakert have had no vacant rooms and local restaurants and cafes 
have stayed very busy. Even people who have never rented out their apartments 
before have now done so,” the paper reports.

Lragir.am suggests that by deploring in his speech at a rally in Stepanakert on 
August 5 “any attempt to bring in foreign forces in settling domestic Armenian 
affairs” Armenia’s Prime Minister Nikol Pashinian hinted at a possible external 
factor in Nagorno-Karabakh’s presidential elections slated for 2020. The online 
paper claims that plausible candidates in the upcoming elections may be linked 
to certain Russian circles.

“Aravot” regards Prime Minister Pashinian’s references to a ‘secret report’ 
that was drawn up still under the previous government and describing Armenia as 
an ‘institutionally paralyzed and failed state” as an attempt to justify the 
current situation with the “heavy legacy of the past.” At the same time, the 
daily’s editor writes: “The old system did have some major shortcomings and was 
largely inefficient, but it did solve some problems in some ways. The old 
system was based on corrupt money and those responsible for specific spheres 
managed to provide quick fixes using that corrupt money when things got worse. 
It could not last for long. The system was doomed to collapse sooner or later. 
Creating a clean system that will work like it does in civilized countries is 
very difficult but doable.”

(Lilit Harutiunian)


Reprinted on ANN/Armenian News with permission from RFE/RL
Copyright (c) 2019 Radio Free Europe / Radio Liberty, Inc.
1201 Connecticut Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20036.
www.rferl.org



Men of Granite, take two

by Theo Tate

basketballGranite Cityheadline

by Theo Tate

Panel on Armenian Media to Feature Editors of Leading Publications

“Azdarar” was the first Armenian language newspaper to be published

LA CRESCENTA—Editors from leading Armenian publications will headline a panel on Armenian media on Sunday, August 11. The panel will begin at 1 p.m., immediately following the Divine Liturgy, at the Prelacy’s Dikran & Zarouhi Der Ghazarian Hall, which is located at 6250 Honolulu Ave., La Crescenta, CA 91214.

Hosted by the Educational Committee of the Armenian Apostolic Church of Crescenta Valley, the event will cover current issues and challenges confronting the Armenian media, particularly in California. Ara Khachatourian of Asbarez, Harut Sassounian of The California Courier, Gabriel Moloyan of Massis Weekly, and Hratch Sepetjian of Nor Or Weekly will comprise the panelists. Attorney and playwright Aram Kouyoumdjian will serve as moderator.

Brief presentations by the panelists will offer historical overviews of the represented publications and information on each paper’s readership and reach, fiscal situation, and future outlook. Kouyoumdjian will then facilitate a panel discussion and field questions from audience members.

The panel will be among events being organized worldwide to commemorate 2019 as the Year of Armenian Media, pursuant to a proclamation by His Holiness Aram I, Catholicos of the Great House of Cilicia. Early in July, over 100 media representatives from Armenia, Artsakh, and the Diaspora gathered at a Pan-Armenian Conference on Armenian Media convened by the Catholicosate. In his remarks to the conference, the Catholicos stressed that the Armenian media does not merely disseminate information but is entrusted with a pan-national mission.

Ara Khachatourian

Ara Khachatourian has served as the English Editor of Asbarez for the past 27 years. During his tenure, the English section transformed from a weekly insert in the Armenian section to a daily publication now having a significantly large online foothold in the Armenian media reality. He also oversaw the creation of the newspaper’s website in 1997, becoming the first Armenian publication to have an online presence.

Currently, Asbarez is one of the widest-read publications in the world. Before Asbarez, Khachatourian served as the media relations director for the Armenian National Committee of America, Western Region.

Khachatourian has been involved in community activities for more than 30 years, More recently, he has spearheaded the three iterations of the very successful ANCA-WR Grassroots Conference, has served on numerous committees, and was part of the team that organized the March for Justice in April 2015, which drew more than 160,000 people to the streets of Los Angeles demanding justice for the Armenian Genocide.

Born in Iran, Khachatourian moved to the United States with his family in 1979. While on the East Coast, Khachatourian joined the AYF and the ARF. He served two terms on the AYF Central Executive, one of them as chairman.

Harut Sassounian

Harut Sassounian is a publisher, syndicated columnist, TV commentator, author, filmmaker, human rights activist, and President of the Armenia Artsakh Fund. For his humanitarian efforts, he has been decorated by the President and Prime Minister of the Republic of Armenia, as well as the heads of the Armenian Apostolic and Catholic Churches. He is also the recipient of the Ellis Island Medal of Honor.

His weekly commentaries in The California Courier are translated into Russian, French, Arabic, and Armenian, and reprinted in dozens of publications in various countries and posted on countless websites, including the Huffington Post. As a political commentator, he appears on US Armenia TV each week, during which he analyzes the latest developments around the world.

Sassounian served as a human rights delegate to the United Nations in Geneva, Switzerland from 1978 to 1988. He played a key role in the recognition of the Armenian Genocide by the U.N. Sub-Commission on Prevention of Discrimination and Protection of Minorities in 1985.

Holding a Master’s degree in International Affairs from Columbia University (New York) and an MBA from Pepperdine University (Los Angeles), Sassounian is the author of “The Armenian Genocide: The World Speaks Out, 1915 – 2015, Documents & Declarations.”

Gabriel Moloyan

Gabriel Moloyan studied Armenology at St. Joseph University after attending the Armenian Theological Seminary of Antelias. He was subsequently appointed Vice Principal of the Sahag Mesrobian School in Beirut and served in that position for 25 years. In 1954, Moloyan was among the founding members of the Nor Serount Cultural Association after recognizing a need for cultural preservation and expansion. Upon immigrating to the United States, Moloyan continued his passion for education and became a Founder and Board Member of the St. Gregory Hovsepian School in Pasadena.

Throughout his extensive career, Moloyan has worked as a journalist and editor at Ararad Daily Newspaper, Ararad Literary Journal, and Massis Weekly. As a longtime member of the Social Democrat Hunchakian Party, he served as Chairman of its Western U.S. region. In 2005, he was honored with a Pontifical Encyclical from His Holiness Karekin II and the St. Nerses Shnorhali Pontifical Medal for his decades of community service.

Hratch Sepetjian

Hratch Sepetjian has been the editor of Nor Or, the Armenian-English weekly that serves as the official publication of the Armenian Democratic Liberal Party (Ramgavar) of the Western U.S. since March 2016. He was the assistant editor of “Zartonk” daily in Beirut from 1994 to 2000.

Sepetjian has been the head of Armenian Studies and Program Director (since 2010), and has been teaching Armenian and Armenian History at AGBU Manoogian-Demirdjian School since 2002. He himself is a graduate of the AGBU Melkonian Educational Institute and holds a Master’s Degree in Armenian Philology and Pedagogy from Yerevan State University.

Aram Kouyoumdjian is an attorney at law and an award-winning playwright and director. He is currently serves as Assistant General Manager of the Personnel Department for the City of Los Angeles.

Below is the YouTube video presentation on “Armenia Tree Project – Celebrating 25 Years” presented by Anahit Gharibyan & Sarah Hayes at the Crescenta Valley Armenian Apostolic Church in La Crescenta, California on Thursday, July 14:

Robert Morgenthau, Longtime Manhattan District Attorney, Dies at 99

The New York Times
Sunday 23:39 EST
Robert Morgenthau, Longtime Manhattan District Attorney, Dies at 99
 
by  Robert D. McFadden
 
 Mr. Morgenthau was the bane of mobsters and crooked politicians and a confidant of mayors and governors, who came and went while he stayed on for decades.
 
 
 
Robert M. Morgenthau, a courtly Knickerbocker patrician who waged war on crime for more than four decades as the chief federal prosecutor for Southern New York State and as Manhattan’s longest-serving district attorney, died on Sunday in Manhattan. He was 99.
 
Mr. Morgenthau’s wife, Lucinda Franks, said he died at Lenox Hill Hospital after a short illness.
 
In an era of notorious Wall Street chicanery and often dangerous streets, Mr. Morgenthau was the bane of mobsters, crooked politicians and corporate greed; a public avenger to killers, rapists and drug dealers; and a confidant of mayors and governors, who came and went while he stayed on — for nearly nine years in the 1960s as the United States attorney for the Southern District of New York and for 35 more as Gotham’s aristocratic Mr. District Attorney.
 
For a Morgenthau — the scion of a family steeped in wealth, privilege and public service — he was strangely awkward, a wooden speaker who seemed painfully shy on the stump. His grandfather had been an ambassador in President Woodrow Wilson’s day, and his father was President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s treasury secretary. His own early political forays, two runs for governor of New York, ended disastrously.
 
But from Jan. 1, 1975, when he took over from an interim successor to the legendary district attorney Frank S. Hogan, to Dec. 31, 2009, when he finally gave up his office in the old Criminal Courts Building on the edge of Chinatown, Mr. Morgenthau was the face of justice in Manhattan, a liberal Democrat elected nine times in succession, usually by landslides and with the endorsement of virtually all the political parties.
 
He presided over a battalion of 500 lawyers, a $75 million budget and a torrent of cases every year that fixed the fates of accused stock manipulators, extortionists, murderers, muggers, wife-beaters and sexual predators, and in turn helped to shape the quality of life for millions in a city of vast riches and untold hardships.
 
While he rarely went to court himself, Mr. Morgenthau, by his own count, supervised a total of 3.5 million cases over the years. Many of them were run-of-the-mill drug busts, but there were also highly publicized trials, like those of the subway vigilante Bernard Goetz; the Central Park “preppy” killer, Robert Chambers; and John Lennon’s assassin, Mark David Chapman.
 
His victories included the 2005 conviction of L. Dennis Kozlowski, chief executive of Tyco International, whose $6,000 shower curtains and a $2 million birthday party for his wife on the Mediterranean island of Sardinia came to symbolize corporate greed. Found guilty of misappropriating more than $100 million from his company, Mr. Kozlowski was sentenced to 8 to 25 years, although he won parole in 2014.
 
In a bizarre case, Mr. Morgenthau may have been the only prosecutor in history to convict a mother and son for murder without a body or a witness. The defendants, Sante and Kenneth Kimes, were accused of a scheme in 1998 to assume the identity of their landlady, the 82-year-old socialite Irene Silverman, and take over her $7.7 million Manhattan mansion.
 
Her body was never found, but they were convicted of her murder and scores of other charges in 2000, partly on the basis of Sante Kimes’s notebooks detailing the plot and notes by the victim expressing fear of her lodgers. Sante Kimes denied everything, but Kenneth confessed later that his mother had used a stun gun on the victim and that he had then strangled her, stuffed the body in a bag and left it in a dumpster in Hoboken, N.J.
 
Mr. Morgenthau’s pursuit of crime sometimes took him beyond Manhattan. In 2004, he won a bribery-conspiracy case against State Senator Guy J. Velella, a Republican whose district lay entirely outside Manhattan, in the Bronx and Westchester County. Prosecutors using surveying equipment showed that one crime scene was within 500 yards of Manhattan, and argued successfully that it fell within their jurisdiction.
 
Federal prosecutors said Mr. Morgenthau also did not respect jurisdictional lines when he followed the money trails in white-collar crimes to Paraguay, Iran, the Cayman Islands and Belgium. Two weeks before he retired, Mr. Morgenthau reached a $536 million settlement with Credit Suisse, Switzerland’s second-largest bank, which had helped Iranian, Libyan and Sudanese clients hide shady business in America.
 
But Mr. Morgenthau spent years working with federal prosecutors investigating the Bank of Credit and Commerce International, a global enterprise founded by Middle Eastern investors as a nexus for money that flowed in and out of drug cartels, terrorist groups and dictatorships. In 1991, the bank pleaded guilty to federal and state charges in what Mr. Morgenthau called the largest bank fraud in financial history, with losses estimated at $15 billion. It was forced to close, pay fines and forfeit all its assets.
 
He also indicted Clark M. Clifford, an adviser to Democratic presidents, and his law partner Robert A. Altman on charges of taking $40 million in bribes for helping the bank gain control of a large bank holding company. Mr. Clifford’s failing health led to the dismissal of charges against him, and Mr. Altman was acquitted.
 
Although he cultivated an image of imperviousness to public pressure, Mr. Morgenthau was often barraged with criticism, particularly in cases involving racial bias or police brutality. Critics said he was slow to respond to an epidemic of police corruption in the 1980s, including cases in which transit officers falsely arrested eight black men, who sued and collectively won $1 million in damages.
 
After the 1983 death in custody of Michael Stewart, a 25-year-old black graffiti artist arrested for spray-painting on a subway station wall, six white transit officers who had handcuffed him and were seen forcing a nightstick down on his neck were acquitted of criminal charges in 1985. The verdicts touched off protests by people who contended that Mr. Morgenthau had mishandled the prosecution.
 
And in a case that seemed to confirm national impressions of New York City as a cesspool of crime and race hatred, Mr. Morgenthau was vilified for what many called a waffling prosecution of Mr. Goetz, a white loner who shot four young black men on a subway train in 1984 after they surrounded him and demanded money. One victim was left paralyzed and partly brain-damaged.
 
“You don’t look so bad, here’s another,” the gunman told one prone victim as he fired again and fled.
 
Variously hailed as a hero who acted in self-defense and denounced as a racist self-appointed vigilante, Mr. Goetz was first indicted only for illegal possession of a gun. After a public outcry, another grand jury indicted him for attempted murder. But the more serious charges were dismissed on a technicality, and he was finally convicted in 1987 on a weapons charge and served six months in jail.
 
The disappearance of a 6-year-old boy, Etan Patz, from a Manhattan street in 1979 — a case that generated a movement to raise public awareness, increase law-enforcement resources and pass new legislation to find missing children — riveted the city and the nation for decades, as theories and suspects came and went without sufficient evidence for a prosecution during Mr. Morgenthau’s tenure.
 
But the case was reopened by District Attorney Cyrus R. Vance Jr. in 2012, and Pedro Hernandez, a former bodega stock clerk who confessed to luring Etan into a basement and attacking him, was found guilty in 2017 of kidnapping and murdering the boy. Mr. Hernandez, 56, who had lived in New Jersey for years, was traced through a tip from his brother-in-law. He was sentenced to 25 years to life in prison.
 
Mr. Morgenthau lost about a quarter of his cases, and some that he won proved to be miscarriages of justice. The most glaring example was the conviction of five young black and Latino men from Harlem, four of whom falsely confessed on videotape to the 1989 beating and rape of the 28-year-old investment banker who became known as the Central Park Jogger.
 
After serving terms of 7xC2 to 13 years, the five were exonerated in 2002 after an imprisoned serial rapist and murderer, Matias Reyes, confessed to the crime. Mr. Morgenthau ordered a new investigation, including DNA tests that confirmed the Reyes account, and moved to clear the men in court.
 
“If only we had DNA 13 years ago,” Mr. Morgenthau lamented.
 
“I think it was his finest hour,” said Barry Scheck, a founding director of the Innocence Project of the Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law, which promotes the use of DNA to reverse wrongful convictions. “Very few D.A.s would have done that, but he could with his stature, self-confidence, guts and commitment to principle. In that and other cases I’ve seen, I believe he has asked, ‘Is this the right thing to do?’ ”
 
Mr. Morgenthau was probably the most innovative prosecutor in the city’s history. To pursue financial crimes, he hired scores of accountants and detectives with financial expertise. He promoted DNA testing and other modern investigating techniques. Enlarging the homicide bureau and other units, he hired Spanish-speaking interpreters and hundreds of black, Hispanic and female prosecutors, and he created the office’s first sex-crimes and consumer affairs units.
 
He stressed the prosecution of career criminals, drug pushers, child pornographers, landlords who harassed tenants and perpetrators of attacks on gay men and lesbians. And throughout his tenure he opposed the death penalty, arguing that it was inhumane and was ineffective as a deterrent.
 
In later years, many New Yorkers wondered if he was too old for the job. As he ran for a ninth term in 2005, he faced rigorous opposition in a Democratic primary for the first time in decades. The challenger, Leslie Crocker Snyder, a former state court judge, was endorsed by a number of longtime Morgenthau supporters. But Mr. Morgenthau won the primary, 59 to 41 percent, and the general election, with 99 percent of the vote. He had run unopposed in general elections for 20 years, and did so again in this, his last race.
 
In a grandfatherly cardigan, his lanky legs propped on a desk and his wispy white hair afloat, Mr. Morgenthau looked like an aging prep-school master, not America’s best-known D.A., a model for the prosecutor played by Steven Hill on the long-running TV drama “Law & Order.” Some took his occasionally mismatched socks for absent-mindedness and his guttural voice for gruffness. He was typically mild-mannered.
 
Despite his highbrow upbringing, his inflections were New York: “had to” came out “hadda.” He loved Dunhill Montecruz cigars, allowing himself two a day until he quit years ago. His health seemed good even in his later years. But decades of strain in one of the city’s most demanding jobs were apparent in the stooped shoulders and the gaunt face lined with legal decisions.
 
By 2009, when he decided not to run for another term, Mr. Morgenthau was a virtual institution, despised by the enemies a prosecutor inevitably acquires but widely admired by New Yorkers and revered by generations of assistants he had hired and mentored, many of whom had gone on to judgeships and careers in politics and the law — extensions of his influence who regarded him as an embodiment of integrity.
 
His former protégés included Associate Justice Sonia Sotomayor of the United States Supreme Court; Gov. Andrew Cuomo; former Gov. Eliot Spitzer; Lanny A. Breuer, head of the Justice Department’s criminal division; and Cyrus R. Vance Jr., who succeeded him as the district attorney.
 
Looking back on Mr. Morgenthau’s career, Mitchell L. Moss, a professor of urban policy at New York University, said in 2011, “He turned the district attorney’s office into the premier law-enforcement office in the country, apart from the United States attorney general’s office.”
 
Robert Morris Morgenthau was born in Manhattan on July 31, 1919. His grandfather, the real estate tycoon Henry Morgenthau Sr., was President Wilson’s ambassador to the Ottoman Empire in World War I and a prominent voice against Armenian genocide. Robert’s father, Henry Jr., was Roosevelt’s treasury secretary from 1934 to 1945, and his mother, Elinor (Fatman) Morgenthau, was a niece of Herbert H. Lehman, the New York Democratic governor and United States senator.
 
Robert grew up with his brother, Henry III, and his sister, Joan, in New York City, on the family’s farm in upstate East Fishkill, N.Y., and in a privileged world of estates, private schools and social connections, notably with the Kennedys of Boston and Hyannis Port, Mass., and the Roosevelts of Hyde Park, N.Y. He attended the Lincoln School in Manhattan and graduated from the Deerfield Academy in Massachusetts in 1937 and from Amherst College in 1941 with high honors and a political science degree.
 
As a young man, he raced sailboats with Jack Kennedy off Cape Cod, spent memorable New Year’s Eves at the White House with his father, and in 1939 roasted hot dogs for King George VI and Queen Elizabeth of Britain at the home of his Hudson Valley friends Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt. (On leave from the Navy during World War II, he served mint juleps to Winston Churchill and F.D.R. on the lawn of his family’s apple farm.)
 
While studying at Amherst, Mr. Morgenthau met Martha Pattridge, a Smith College student. They were married in 1943 and had five children. His first wife died in 1972. In 1977 he married Ms. Franks, a Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist. They had two children.
 
Besides his wife, he is survived by the children of his first marriage, Jenny Morgenthau, Anne Morgenthau Grand, Elinor Morgenthau, Robert P. Morgenthau and Barbara Morgenthau Lee; the children of his second marriage, Joshua Franks Morgenthau and Amy Elinor Morgenthau; and by six grandchildren and three great-grandchildren.
 
In 2014, Ms. Franks published a memoir, “Timeless: Love, Morgenthau, and Me,” that focused on her long and passionate union with a man almost 30 years her senior.
 
Mr. Morgenthau had been in the Naval Reserve in college, and after graduation he went on active duty as an ensign. He passed his physical exam by concealing the near-deafness in his right ear from a boyhood mastoid infection. An officer aboard three destroyers and a minesweeper during World War II, he survived enemy attacks and won decorations for bravery under fire.
 
His destroyer, the U.S.S. Lansdale, was attacked by Nazi torpedo bombers in the Mediterranean off Algiers on April 20, 1944. Cut by explosions, the ship went down with a heavy loss of life. Lieutenant Morgenthau, the executive officer, saved several shipmates, leapt into the water and swam for three hours in the darkness until he and others were picked up by an American warship. In 1945 his ship, the U.S.S. Harry F. Bauer, was hit by a Japanese kamikaze plane off Iwo Jima, but its 550-pound bomb did not explode.
 
Mustering out after the war as a lieutenant commander, he enrolled in Yale Law School, finished a three-year course in two years and graduated in 1948. He soon joined the New York law firm Patterson, Belknap & Webb and became the personal assistant to the senior partner, Robert P. Patterson, who had been President Harry S. Truman’s secretary of war.
 
Besides practicing corporate law, Mr. Patterson defended people swept up in the anti-Communist witch hunts of the 1950s, including the actor Edward G. Robinson, who testified before the House Un-American Activities Committee and resisted blacklisting. “Unlike most Wall Street lawyers of that day, he would take loyalty cases,” Mr. Morgenthau said of Mr. Patterson, one of his early heroes. “He didn’t care what anybody else thought. He did what he thought was right.”
 
Mr. Patterson died in a plane crash in 1952. Mr. Morgenthau was supposed to have been on the flight — he had accompanied his boss on every other trip — but stayed behind to write a brief. Mr. Morgenthau was a partner in the firm from 1954 to 1961.
 
After practicing law for 12 years, Mr. Morgenthau, who had dabbled in Democratic politics in the Riverdale section of the Bronx, where he lived, jumped on the Kennedy bandwagon in 1960 and became chairman of Bronx Citizens for Kennedy. His reward was appointment in 1961 as the United States attorney for the Southern District of New York, embracing Manhattan, the Bronx and six upstate counties.
 
His most notable early case was the 1962 conviction of State Supreme Court Justice J. Vincent Keogh and Anthony (Tony Ducks) Corallo, a mobster who got his nickname ducking subpoenas and convictions, on charges of attempted bribery to influence a federal bankruptcy fraud case.
 
But after 17 months in office, Mr. Morgenthau left at the urging of the president’s brother, Attorney General Robert F. Kennedy, for a quixotic 1962 run to unseat Gov. Nelson A. Rockefeller, a rising star in the Republican Party’s moderate wing. It was a fiasco. Distant and seemingly distracted at campaign stops, from which he sometimes wandered away, Mr. Morgenthau lost by 500,000 votes.
 
After the election, President Kennedy reappointed him to the federal prosecutor’s job, and he waded in zealously. He created the office’s first special unit to investigate Wall Street and over the next seven years brought charges against stock manipulators, money launderers, tax lawyers and Internal Revenue Service accountants. He also indicted 150 organized crime figures.
 
Always close to the Kennedys, Mr. Morgenthau was with Robert Kennedy at his home in McLean, Va., on Nov. 22, 1963, when the F.B.I. director J. Edgar Hoover called to report that the president had been shot in Dallas. Years later, facing criticism for hiring John F. Kennedy Jr. as an assistant district attorney, he snapped, “If having a famous father were a disqualification, I wouldn’t have gotten my job.”
 
He had overwhelming conviction rates but lost two cases against Roy M. Cohn, the aggressive former counsel to the anti-Communist crusader Senator Joseph R. McCarthy. Acquitted in 1964 of perjury in a stock swindle and in 1967 of mail fraud in a bus-line takeover, Mr. Cohn accused the prosecutor of waging a vendetta against him.
 
“A man is not immune from prosecution just because a United States attorney happens not to like him,” Mr. Morgenthau remarked.
 
In 1968 he again convicted Mr. Corallo, this time for bribing James L. Marcus, a former city water commissioner, to win contracts for renovating the Jerome Park Reservoir in the Bronx. In 1969 Carmine De Sapio, the last Tammany Hall power broker, whose prescription dark glasses gave him a sinister air, was also convicted of conspiring to bribe Mr. Marcus, who went to prison for taking kickbacks.
 
After resisting pressure from the Nixon administration for a year, Mr. Morgenthau resigned as federal prosecutor in January 1970. He was briefly a deputy to Mayor John V. Lindsay, but quit to again run for governor. Short of funds and support, he soon withdrew from the Democratic primary. Governor Rockefeller defeated the Democratic candidate, Arthur J. Goldberg, in the general election.
 
Mr. Morgenthau practiced law privately until 1974. He then jumped into a special election necessitated by the resignation (and impending death) of Mr. Hogan, Manhattan’s district attorney for 32 years, and easily defeated the interim appointee, Richard H. Kuh.
 
When he took office in 1975, the city was in trouble, threatened by bankruptcy, public-employee strikes and a fraying social fabric. Buildings were abandoned and burned. Garbage piled up in the streets. Graffiti covered subways and buses. Crime was rampant, with 648 murders in Manhattan alone that year. (There were 58 the year he left office.)
 
The prosecutor’s office was in disarray, too. Many of its 195 lawyers had no phones. Its $8 million budget ran out halfway through the fiscal year. There was little expertise for combating sophisticated criminality. Case processing was inefficient, with different lawyers handling arraignments, indictments and trials.
 
Mr. Morgenthau streamlined the system, achieving greater speed and higher conviction rates by having one lawyer see each case through to completion. His growing influence helped win new laws mandating forfeiture of gains from criminal activity and limiting jury trials for misdemeanors.
 
His victories included the 1981 convictions of Mr. Chapman in the killing of John Lennon, and of a Metropolitan Opera stagehand, Craig Crimmins, in the murder of a violinist at Lincoln Center; the 1988 manslaughter guilty plea of Mr. Chambers in the strangulation of Jennifer Levin in Central Park; the 1989 manslaughter conviction of Joel Steinberg in the beating death of his adopted daughter, Lisa; and the convictions in 1991 and 1992 of seven men in the subway murder of a Utah tourist, Brian Watkins.
 
At the end of his last term, Mr. Morgenthau was 90 and had served three years longer than Mr. Hogan. He joined the Manhattan law firm Wachtell, Lipton, Rosen & Katz. Besides pro bono work, he wrote numerous op-ed articles in The Wall Street Journal, The Daily News and The New York Times calling for immigration reform, crackdowns on illegal guns, and improved care for veterans of the Iraq and Afghanistan wars suffering from post-traumatic stress disorders.
 
In an interview with The New York Times in 2009 after announcing that he would not seek a 10th term, Mr. Morgenthau ruminated on the night in 1944 when his ship was torpedoed by Nazi warplanes and went down with 47 of his shipmates.
 
“I was swimming around without a life jacket,” he recalled. “I made a number of promises to the Almighty, at a time when I didn’t have much bargaining power.”
 
His deal?
 
“That I would try to do something useful with my life.”
 
Dennis Hevesi, a former New York Times reporter who died in 2017, contributed reporting.

Armenia in process of strengthening democratic institutions – Parliament Speaker

Armenia in process of strengthening democratic institutions – Parliament Speaker

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18:48,

YEREVAN, JULY 18, ARMENPRESS. President of the National Assembly of Armenia Ararat Mirzoyan participated in the Leadership Forum Held in Washington, during which gave a speech.

As ARMENPRESS was informed from the press servic eof the parliament of Armenia, Mirzoyan particularly said,

''The rise of the authoritarianism has been already noted in the early 2000s across the globe. At the same time, we all understand very well that this global challenge has multi-faceted explanations, but if one is to pinpoint the main reason for this negative development, it will be the failure of the traditional democratic mechanisms to remain connected with the citizenry.

Before reasserting the independence of the legislature, we should also reassess the role and the reason for the independent legislature. Three centuries ago, one of the forefathers of American Constitution James Madison in the Federalist Papers, delved into the concept of the “pure democracy” and the “Republic”. He warns as of the adverse effects of the factionalism unchecked by the republic. This wisdom shines even stronger today when democratic institutions have been in place for a long time.

The peaceful, democratic April Revolution of 2018 in Armenia was single yet important victory over the consolidating authoritarianism. This popular movement came to re-establish the connection between the citizenry and its government. In 2018, the Armenian citizens conquered their right to choose their representatives in a free and fair election, a right that was denied too long for them. This fact has been recognized not only by our international partners but also by all the political forces in Armenia.

While the free and fair elections are the necessary condition for democracy, there is a long work in establishing the Republic in the Madisonian sense. The institutionalization of the democracy and asserting the role of the legislature in this process is paramount in order not to allow “factionalism” to ruin the very fabric of the democratic polity. In Armenia, we are currently pursuing this through reforming and strengthening the democratic institutions, where reversal of the democratic breakthrough will be unattainable.

The independent legislature of women and men is the backbone of any democracy. Through asserting the independence of the legislature, we vaccinate our democratic polities from infection of the factionalism. The independent and representative legislature on the one hand allows all the necessary channels for airing diversity political beliefs of our societies and on the other hand through institutional mechanism maintains the public debate in the counters of the republic.

To conclude, this bipartisan format of the House of Representatives sets an important example for other legislatures across the globe, to revisit and realize the concept that Madison has left to us. The independent legislative as a political institution remains the firm and yet agile shield that provides enough resolute to withstand the attacks of authoritarianism but also entails sufficient flexibility not to break under the internal pressure,” the Head of the Parliament noted.

Armenian deputy prime minister speaks of need to open Armenian-Turkish border

Interfax – Russia & CIS Military Newswire
Wednesday 7:20 PM MSK
Armenian deputy prime minister speaks of need to open Armenian-Turkish border
 
 YEREVAN. July 17
 
Deputy Prime Minister of Armenia Tigran Avinyan at a meeting with UN Under-Secretary-General Fekitomoeloa Katoa Utoikamanu spoke of the need to open the Armenian-Turkish border, the press service of the Armenian government announced on Wednesday.
 
At the meeting in New York, Avinyan invited the UN official to take practical steps to settle the issue of the closed border with Turkey, the report says.
 
Utoikamanu said she would study the issue, the press service said.
 
Avinyan also expressed concern about the construction of water reservoirs by Turkey using the water resources of the Aras border river. He said that in addition to having a negative impact on lands irrigated from the basin of the Aras this undermines to water and biological balance of the region.
 
In October 2009, the foreign ministers of Armenia and Turkey in Zurich signed a protocol on the establishment of diplomatic relations and a protocol on the development of bilateral relations that were not ratified by the parliaments of the two countries.
 
On February 16, 2015 the then Armenian President Serzh Sargsyan informed parliament to revoke the Armenian-Turkish protocols from the legislative body.
 
Diplomatic relations between Turkey and Armenia were severed in 1993 at the initiative of Ankara over the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict. The border between the two countries is closed.
 
In November 2018, Armenian Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan announced that Yerevan is ready for the settlement of relations with Ankara "without preliminary conditions."
 
He spoke negatively of Turkey's decision to close the border over the Karabakh conflict.
 
"This is a bad policy. If someone hopes that we can be threatened to accept some option of the conflict settlement, he is mistaken. We are ready for a negotiating process but I rule out the possibility that we will take any step under pressure, threats or the imposition of a blockade. On the contrary, we will only strengthen and consolidate and achieve the desired result," Pashinyan said.
 
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Berlin woman devotes life to helping captive bears

Telegram & Gazette (Massachusetts)
July 12, 2019 Friday
Berlin woman devotes life to helping captive bears
 
Jan Gottesman
 
BERLIN — Dasha, Coco and Luka of Armenia owe their freedom, in part, to a woman in Berlin.
 
Animal lover Laurence Holyoak is program manager of nonprofit International Animal Rescue, US, whose projects include the rescue and rehabilitation of brown bears caged at restaurants and other public venues. The bears are used as tourist attractions and many spend years in tiny, barren cages with little food and water and no means to express natural bear behavior.
 
Holyoak, a Shrewsbury High graduate who formerly lived in Boylston, moved to Berlin in 2010, when she got married and moved to her husband’s hometown.
 
“My mother was a science teacher and instilled a love of nature in us,” she said. “We spent a lot of time in the woods. I grew up in a house filled with animals. If someone found a robin with a broken wing, it was delivered to our house, and we would care for it. Jane Goodall and David Attenborough were my heroes.”
 
Holyoak studied wildlife conservation in college and got a master’s degree in applied animal behavior and animal welfare at the University of Edinburgh in Scotland.
 
“I heard about the plight of the dancing bears and knew I wanted to help them,” she said. “I moved to India, lived at the sanctuary and dedicated my dissertation to the bears. I got involved with the program from the ground up. When I moved back to the States, they asked me if I would consider opening an office in America. I have been here ever since.”
 
Holyoak said she thought it would take her lifetime to get the last dancing bears off the streets, but it was accomplished by 2009.
 
“We were as successful as we were because we worked with the local people to offer them alternative livelihoods that were better than bear dancing,” she said. “We will be caring for those 300 bears for the next 30 years, but it put us in a position where we could turn our attention to another issues.
 
“We heard about the bears suffering in Armenia and partnered with a local group to help them get the job done,” she added. “We have rescued 20 bears in Armenia, and there are about 50 left. I have been helping to raise the money to build the center so to get to see it firsthand was incredible. I have been raising money to build a maternity ward, since these special situations like Dasha and her cubs keep coming up.
 
“Last year, we rescued two cubs whose mother had been illegally shot by hunters. We were able to raise them and release them back to the wild. Those bears need to be kept away from other bears and away from humans so that they don’t associate them with food.”
 
The bear release on the recent Armenia trip was a first for Holyoak and the organization.
 
“It is the first time a release like this has ever been done,” Holyoak said after returning from Armenia. “Dasha was the first bear we rescued because she had been kept in a cage that was built into a river that would flood, so she was always in danger. She had been there for 10 years just living off the scraps people had thrown her. She was brought to our center in the mountains for rehabilitation and when she emerged from hibernation, she had two cubs with her. We did not know at first that she was pregnant, but she had been kept with a male bear for some time.”
 
Dasha was in the rehabilitation center for over a year.
 
“We kept her cubs away from people and other bears so they could grow up wild. Once we saw that she could find food on her own and properly hibernate, we knew she could survive in the wild,” Holyoak said.
 
Dasha was fitted with a radio collar. “We needed a military truck to carry the three cages and drove several hours into the mountains to a very remote area. Watching that mother and cubs run free was one of the most amazing things I have ever experienced — and on Mother’s Day, no less.”
 
The rangers have tracked Dasha and, so far, she is doing well.
 
In November 2017, in conjunction with an Armenian group called Foundation for the Preservation of Wildlife and Cultural Assets, IAR launched the Great Bear Rescue. The campaign aims to rescue what could be as many as 80 caged bears in Armenia, rehabilitate them and give them the life they deserve. With funding from IAR, FPWC has built a bear rescue center high in the mountains of Armenia where the bears can recover from the neglect they have suffered and learn to enjoy life.
 
Dasha and her cage companion Misha were rescued in 2017 from a riverside restaurant. Misha subsequently died.
 
Dasha and her cubs were not the only bears that gained their freedom.
 
“Since we had an open enclosure, we were able to release Max and Minnie, two bears that have been in quarantine since they were rescued, out into the outdoor enclosure. It was the first time they have ever felt grass beneath their feet,” Holyoak said.
 
“Watching them step out into the sunlight for the first time brought tears to my eyes. Max is this huge Siberian brown bear that had been locked in a cage at a bus depot for more than 14 years. They had to use the Jaws of Life to cut open the steel bars to get him out. Even with his huge size, he was afraid to step out because there was a puddle and he didn’t know how deep it was. It took him a while to build up the courage, but once he was out, he didn’t stop exploring his new enclosure.
 
“Minnie discovered the pool and splashed around,” she continued. “Max joined her in the pool and dragged a big rock in to play with. We snuck up at night to see what they were doing and Max and Minnie were peacefully cuddled up, sleeping under the stars.”
 
The next day, they rescued another bear.
 
“This bear had been kept in a small cage for five years. Before that, he was in another cage for four years,” Holyoak said. “The cage was beside a highway. He was kept for the entertainment of his owner. When we got there, the smell was horrendous. The severed heads of two goats were sitting in the cage covered with flies. The cage was never cleaned out so there was several inches of green sludge that he was forced to sit in.”
 
Despite concerns, the owner was happy to give up responsibility for the bear.
 
Bears will bite bars out of boredom and frustration “and sure enough, this bear’s canine teeth were completely broken and abscessed,” Holyoak said. “I can’t imagine the pain he was in, and he will need a root canal to repair the damage. He woke up in quarantine on a pile of clean, fluffy hay. As soon as he could stand, he immediately munched down 10 apples. Behaviorally, he is a damaged bear, but time will heal.”
 
The group released three other bears to an outdoor enclosure. They called them the “general bears” because they had been owned by a general before he was imprisoned.
 
“They are young active bears, and we thought they would run straight through the chute to their outdoor enclosure, but when we opened the door, the most dominant bear blocked the tunnel. He wanted to go out so badly, but could not work up the courage,” Holyoak said. “We put food in the tunnel to entice them out, but he would walk his front legs down the tunnel while keeping his back legs firmly planted. He looked like he was doing yoga. The other two bears had to wait for him to move out of the way and they made their way out, but ‘Mr. Gatekeeper,’ as the world refers to him now (after the release was broadcast on Facebook under internationalanimalrescue), took about two days to build up the courage. It was like they thought it was a trick.
 
“These bears have spent their entire lives in a small cage, so going to a huge outdoor enclosure was really overwhelming for them,” she said. “Within a few days, they were like completely different animals. Instead of pacing in an unnaturally confirmed area, they were content and confident.”
 
Holyoak said she has been working hard to raise money for the Great Bear Rescue campaign and was thrilled to see the project for herself.
 
“I feel so proud and privileged to be part of IAR’s work rescuing these magnificent brown bears. To see these animals begin to heal after such extreme suffering was really emotional,” Holyoak said. “On my last night, I sat as the sun set over the mountains and watched these bears peacefully grazing through the tall grass and digging in the dirt. Simple things that bears instinctively do, but that had been denied to them for so long. The fear was gone and they were content. We accomplished so much on this trip, but as always in the rescue world, I just keep thinking of the bears that are still suffering. There are at least 50 more bears confined to small cages, sitting in squalor. They have no idea that so many people are working really hard to rescue them. They are not forgotten and we won’t stop working until they are all free.”
 
Donations are needed to finish building the center. Information is at www.internationalanimalrescue.org and the project website is greatbearrescue.org.
 
Laurence Holyoak with the so-called general bears. [Photo for The Item]
 
Thomas before his rescue from his roadside cage in Armenia. [Photo for The Item]
 
Dasha and one of her cubs being released back into the wild. [Photo for The Item]
 
Dasha with one of her cubs. [Photo for The Item]
 
Thomas the roadside bear is tranquilized for his rescue. [Photo for the Item]
 
Rescuers look at Thomas' broken canine tooth during his release from his small roadside cage in Armenia. [Photo for The Item]
 
Laurence Holyoak stands in front of a military truck in Armenia. [Photo for the Item]
 
The Bear Center in Armenia [Photo for the Item]
 
Dasha enjoying her freedom [Photo for The Item]

Sports: Armenian gymnast: The path to any medal is difficult

Panorama, Armenia
July 2 2019
Sport 12:32 02/07/2019 Armenia

Armenian gymnast Vahagn Davtyan won a silver medal in the rings exercise of the European Games ended in Minsk, Belarus.

After the award ceremony he told the Armenian National Olympic Committee’s press service about the difficult path he has passed and the value of the medal he has captured.

“The path to any medal is hard because you have to prepare yourself mentally. You can be perfectly prepared physically but unable to concentrate psychologically on the last minute and something unpredictable may happen, something that you haven’t done before,” the athlete said.

“The most desirable thing is to become a champion. It’s hard to think that you have lost only 0.34 points to your opponent but, anyway, I’m satisfied with the result. I’m very happy I qualified for the final on the 5th position and today managed to be the second. Today the training experience helped me as I was prepared physically. Despite great difficulties I don’t regret having chosen this sport and it was worth staying in this sport to achieve this result. I have had a serious injury, an operation, etc. There comes a moment when you think there is nothing more important than health, but I have never thought of leaving sports,” Vahagn Davtyan added. 

Earlier on April the Armenian gymnast won a bronze medal in the rings event of the European Championship in Poland. 

Turkish press: First Turkish-Armenian TV station launched – Turkey News

Turkey's first Turkish-Armenian television station has hit the airwaves, according to the journalist spearheading the project.       

 “Every Friday night, for the first time in Turkey we're broadcasting news in Western Armenian,” said Aram Kuran, the station's chief, referring to one of the two branches of the Armenian language.       

“We also have live broadcasts two days a week,” he told Anadolu Agency, adding that they hope to expand the program schedule.        

Turkish, a multiethnic, multicultural society, has a sizeable population of ethnic Armenians.       

The station's team started work on Luys TV- meaning "light" in Armenian - nearly two years ago, Kuran explained.       

Kuran thanked Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan for his support during the setup process, even as they faced some difficulties.       

The station will include news items from Anadolu Agency as translated into Armenian, as well as spotlights on politics, fashion, culture, contemporary issues, and music and programs for children, he added.     

Most of the programs will be in Armenian, he explained, but some will be in Turkish as well.       

National Turkish broadcaster TRT has also given the station access to its archive, including documentaries on minorities, he said.       

Turkey, Armenian, tv channel