Armenia and Azerbaijan make diplomatic progress in Brussels

eurasianet
April 7 2022
Heydar Isayev, Joshua Kucera, Ani Mejlumyan Apr 7, 2022

The leaders of Armenia and Azerbaijan have met and agreed to “move rapidly toward a peace agreement,” said the broker of the meeting, European Council President Charles Michel.

Armenian Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan and Azerbaijan President Ilham Aliyev, at the April 6 meeting in Brussels, also agreed to establish a Joint Border Commission to delimit their mutual boundary line and to “establish a stable security situation” around the border.

The gesture toward a peace agreement was particularly significant, and Michel said the two sides “agreed to instruct Ministers of Foreign Affairs to work on the preparation of a future peace treaty, which would address all necessary issues.”

Such a treaty would be aimed at finally resolving the conflict that has divided Armenia and Azerbaijan since the late-Soviet era, centered around the territory of Nagorno-Karabakh. The conflict has led to two full-scale wars, one in the 1990s that saw Armenia take Nagorno-Karabakh and large swathes of territory surrounding it, and another in 2020 when Azerbaijan reversed most of those gains.

The apparent diplomatic progress also was noteworthy for who helped broker it: the EU. Before the 2020 war, negotiations were led by the Minsk Group of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe, a body led by the United States, France, and Russia. The ceasefire that ended the 2020 war was brokered only by Russia, and Moscow had taken the lead in much of the post-war diplomacy.

Even though there was no mention of Russia in the formal statements following the meeting, few expected Moscow – even preoccupied as it is by the war in Ukraine – to stand aside. “Quite a lot of substance here and no mention of Russia. Next stop Moscow,” wrote longtime Caucasus analyst Tom de Waal on Twitter. 

Since the war, it has been Azerbaijan who has been pushing for a comprehensive peace agreement to end the conflict, with Armenians reluctant to commit to a final resolution at a time of relative weakness.

And the reactions from Baku about the news from Brussels were correspondingly positive.

Political analyst Anar Mammadli called it "one of the most productive diplomatic meetings since the end of the war.” Fariz Ismailzade, the vice rector of the state university ADA, tweeted: "What Charles Michel achieves is what OSCE Minsk group failed to achieve in 30 years."

The framework that Michel laid out corresponded to the five-point plan that Baku had recently proposed, and Armenia largely accepted, wrote veteran Azerbaijani military journalist Asaf Guliyev. “The most important thing is that all this is done in a bilateral format. The bilateral format means that Russia is out of the game. The European Union supports the bilateral format,” Guliyev wrote in an article on the news website Herbiend.az.

In Armenia, where there were large demonstrations on the eve of the summit against what many feared were large concessions in the works, there was more skepticism of the advancing talks.

“Unfortunately, Pashinyan only accelerates the processes that are contrary to the interests of Armenia and Artsakh,” wrote Tatevik Hayrapetyan, a former member of parliament in Pashinyan’s coalition, on Facebook. (Artsakh is an alternative Armenian name for Karabakh.) “What peace treaty? When you are threatened from morning till night, it is not peace, it’s the capitulation of one side.”

Tigran Grigoryan, a Karabakh Armenian political analyst, said that Pashinyan seems to have conceded on another point as well.

“Armenia has once again abandoned its declared position,” Grigoryan wrote on Twitter. “The government of Armenia has been saying for months that concrete steps must be taken to stabilize the situation on the border to create conditions for the establishment of the delimitation and demarcation commission. […] In the above-mentioned readout, it is clearly stated that the commission will be established without any stabilizing measures on the border.”

In recent weeks, tension has again risen in Karabakh, with Azerbaijan taking some additional territory and Armenians accusing them of cutting off a natural gas pipeline.

Grigoryan added that a bilateral process served Azerbaijan’s interests more than Armenia’s; Armenia has been arguing that the Minsk Group should again mediate the negotiations.

“What I’m seeing now is an attempt by the European Union […] to establish a victor’s peace at the expense of Armenia where Armenian interests are not taken into consideration at all,” he said in an interview with CivilNet. “This is the third statement issued by the president of the EU council where there is not a single word said about Nagorno-Karabakh or the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict. And that is outrageous.”

 

Joshua Kucera is the Turkey/Caucasus editor at Eurasianet, and author of The Bug Pit.

Ani Mejlumyan is a reporter based in Yerevan.

Heydar Isayev is a journalist from Baku.

Armenia Seeks Russia Aid in Nagorno-Karabakh Flare-up

March 29 2022

Armenia urged Moscow on Monday to remove Azerbaijan’s troops from an area of Nagorno-Karabakh policed by Russian peacekeepers in the latest flare-up of a bitter territorial dispute in Russia’s backyard.  

Armenia’s Foreign Ministry rejected Russian claims of a full withdrawal by Azerbaijan troops from a village in Nagorno-Karabakh, a largely Armenian-populated territory that’s recognized internationally as part of Azerbaijan. They also called for an investigation into the actions of Russian peacekeepers.

The Russian Defense Ministry said Sunday that Azeri troops had withdrawn after a recent incursion. 

“We consider it important to conduct a proper investigation into the actions of the [Russian] peacekeeping contingent during this entire period of the incursion of Azerbaijani units,” Armenia’s Foreign Ministry said, repeating previous calls. 

“We expect Russian peacekeeping forces in Nagorno-Karabakh to take concrete measures to stop the incursion of Azeri units into the peacekeepers' area of responsibility and the withdrawal of Azeri armed forces,” it added.

Azerbaijan’s Defense Ministry denied withdrawing from the disputed area. 

“There have been no changes in the positions of the Azerbaijani army in the village of Farrukh and in the surrounding heights, which are part of the sovereign territory of our country,” it said.

Armenia said that three of its soldiers were killed and 15 wounded in clashes last week. Azerbaijan did not report any casualties. 

Ceasefire violations have been common since the two ex-Soviet countries ended a six-week war in 2020 that claimed more than 6,500 lives.

Armenian officials have linked recent clashes to Russia’s invasion of Ukraine and pro-government Azeri media seeking to discredit the Russian peacekeeping contingent. 

Situation at line of contact unchanged – Artsakh

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 10:12, 31 March, 2022

YEREVAN, MARCH 31, ARMENPRESS. The operative-tactical situation in all parts of the Artsakh frontline remained tense overnight March 30-31, the Artsakh authorities said Thursday morning.

The Artsakh authorities said no significant ceasefire violations were recorded and they continue efforts for withdrawing the Azerbaijani troops back to their initial positions in the eastern direction of the line of contact.

Abrahamyan: Azerbaijan has occupied some 1,200 hectares of land in Artsakh region

Panorama
Armenia – March 31 2022

Artsakh (Nagorno-Karabakh) has found itself in a complicated political and diplomatic situation, Armenian MP Tigran Abrahamyan of the opposition With Honor faction told a news conference on Thursday, referring to the latest Azerbaijani aggression.

The lawmaker states that the Azerbaijani troops have occupied quite a large territory of the Askeran region of the Artsakh Republic after breaching the ceasefire on March 23.

"According to rough estimates, it’s about 1,100-1,200 hectares of land, but the issue should not be considered only in a territorial context, because through the invasion Azerbaijan seeks to enhance its positional advantage as well as to exercise control over the livelihood of the parts of Artsakh which are currently under our control," Abrahamyan said.

He claims that the Armenian government has not taken any appropriate measures in the current situation.

“Political statements or assessments of the situation have no deterrent effect. We have to state that Armenia has not taken appropriate actions within its capacities and has not ensured the security of Artsakh Armenians," Abrahamyan stressed.

Armenian PM: “Azerbaijan is trying to legitimize another war”




  • JAMnews
  • Yerevan

Azerbaijan is trying to start another war

“Azerbaijan is trying to legitimize a large-scale attack on Nagorno-Karabakh and Armenia“, said Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan. During the government meeting, he commented on the latest escalation in Nagorno-Karabakh and presented in detail his position on controversial issues in Armenian-Azerbaijani relations. In particular, the prime minister spoke about possible solutions to the NK issue, the possibilities of reducing tension in general and the signing a peace treaty with Azerbaijan.


  • Will Armenia and Azerbaijan sign a peace treaty despite disagreements?
  • Enclaves – islands of Armenian-Azerbaijani confrontation
  • Refugees from Nagorno-Karabakh share stories about their life in Armenian villages

According to Pashinyan, both before and after the 2020 Karabakh war Azerbaijan has been trying to find imaginary justifications, accusing Armenia of destructive actions to justify military actions and attacks on Armenia and NK.

Pashinyan gave examples of such behavior: Azerbaijan presents “comments and suggestions, ascribes some promises to Armenia”, then accuses Armenia of not responding, as well as of a destructive response or refusal to fulfil the agreements.

“It is clear that Azerbaijan is trying to legitimize a large-scale attack on Nagorno-Karabakh and Armenia”, the prime minister stressed.

Armenia reports tensions in Nagorno-Karabakh – statement of the Security Council of Armenia, position of the command of the Russian peacekeeping forces stationed in NK, as well as a comment by a political scientist here

Pashinyan confirmed that on February 24 the Azerbaijani armed forces occupied new territories in NK. According to the prime minister, it all started with the violation of the agreements by the Azerbaijani side:

“In order to relieve tension in the region, an agreement was reached on a mirror withdrawal of [Armenian and Azerbaijani] positions from the Parukh-Khramort sector. The guarantor of this agreement was the Russian peacekeeping contingent. Several Armenian positions were withdrawn, and Russian peacekeepers were stationed in the indicated area. But before their eyes, the Azerbaijanis invaded a territory in the zone of responsibility of the peacekeepers”.

According to Pashinyan, the Armenian side expects Russia to take concrete steps to ensure the withdrawal of Azerbaijani troops from the zone of responsibility of the peacekeepers and the restoration of the status quo, recorded in the November 9, 2020 statement.

“We expect that the actions of the representatives of the peacekeeping corps during the invasion and after it, or their possible inaction, will be duly investigated”, the prime minister stressed.

Pashinyan also said that the Azerbaijani Armed Forces in the same zone of responsibility of peacekeepers continue to intimidate and threaten the population of nearby villages:

“This is happening in front of the peacekeepers. From the loudspeakers, people are called to leave their homes or get evicted by force. Obviously, this is a demand for ethnic cleansing”.

Pashinyan believes that the Azerbaijani side’s statement about the “obligation to withdraw the Defense Army from Nagorno-Karabakh” is a loose interpretation of the tripartite statement that ended the 2020 war. According to Pashinyan, this is another evidence of the “Nagorno-Karabakh without Armenians” policy pursued by Baku:

“Earlier statements by the President of Azerbaijan prove that this position put forward by Baku is imaginary. On November 26, 2021, at a trilateral meeting mediated by the President of the Russian Federation, he himself publicly stated that almost all the provisions of the tripartite statement of November 9, 2020 have been implemented, except for the point on the opening of communications”.

According to the Prime Minister of Armenia, the withdrawal of the Nagorno-Karabakh Defense Army means the relocation of Armenians from here:

“The Armenians of Nagorno-Karabakh need protection, otherwise they will become victims of genocide”.

To minimize or eliminate conflict situations on the line of contact, Pashinyan once again suggested to:

“Designate, fix the line of contact in Nagorno-Karabakh, as well as the obligation of the parties not to cross this line of contact, remove all military positions along it, create a demilitarized zone and consolidate the agreements with specific guarantees”.

When it comes to the Armenian-Azerbaijani peace agenda, the likelihood of a direct dialogue or another military escalation is very low, political scientist Edgar Vardanyan believes

According to the prime minister, Azerbaijan most often uses the theme of signing a peace treaty to escalate the escalation in the region.

Pashinyan denied the claims of the Azerbaijani side that Armenia did not respond to Azerbaijan’s five-point proposal:

“It was handed over to us by the co-chairing country of the OSCE Minsk Group, we passed back the answer through the countries co-chairing the OSCE Minsk Group. In addition, we publicly stated that there is nothing in Azerbaijan’s proposals that is unacceptable to us”.

On March 21, Armenian Foreign Minister Ararat Mirzoyan stated that “there is nothing unacceptable in the proposals submitted by Azerbaijan on March 10, noting, however, that these proposals would not affect all issues of the Armenian-Azerbaijani agenda”.

According to the Prime Minister, Azerbaijan believes that it has not received an answer, since in the context of the settlement of Armenian-Azerbaijani relations, Yerevan also speaks of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict:

“Realizing that the issue of Nagorno-Karabakh is and will increasingly appear on the international agenda, Azerbaijan is trying not to resolve the issue, but to close it. Its actions in Parukha [a village in the zone of responsibility of the peacekeepers, where the latest military escalation began] are also aimed at this”.

According to Pashinyan, the aggravation in NK “has an obvious tendency to continue”, as Azerbaijan intends to expel all Armenians from Nagorno-Karabakh:

“If we are wrong, then let Azerbaijan show a concrete interest in discussing the rights and security guarantees of the Armenians of Nagorno-Karabakh. This is a question that is raised not only by Armenia, but by the entire international community”.

The prime minister once again announced the readiness of the Armenian side to sign a peace agreement with Azerbaijan:

“A meeting with the head of the European Council Charles Michel and the President of Azerbaijan is scheduled for April 6 in Brussels. I hope to discuss and agree with the President of Azerbaijan during this meeting all issues related to the start of peace negotiations”.

Pashinyan-Aliyev meeting in Brussels was held at the initiative of Charles Michel, head of the European Council. Here is what we know so far

Pashinyan says that Azerbaijan also distorts the 9th paragraph of the November 9 statement, which refers to the unblocking of communications in the region. In particular, this concerns the road connecting the western regions of Azerbaijan with Nakhichevan.

Armenia proposes to reconstruct the Yeraskh-Julfa-Ordubad-Meghri-Horadiz railway, restore or build a new highway, where border and customs control posts will operate:

“Azerbaijan both accepts and does not accept our position. They say that they agree with any legal regime on this road, but the same regime should apply in the Lachin corridor [the only land road connecting NK to Armenia]. In support of this position, reference is made to the statement of November 9”.

The prime minister emphasizes that the tripartite statement does not mention any “corridor” through the territory of Armenia:

“The parallels between Nagorno-Karabakh and Nakhichevan are strange for several reasons. Firstly, Nakhichevan has a land connection with Azerbaijan through Iran and Turkey, an air connection through Iran, Turkey and Armenia.

Nagorno-Karabakh has only a land connection with Armenia, only through the Lachin corridor. The control of the Lachin corridor by Azerbaijan means one thing: the expulsion of Armenians from Nagorno-Karabakh”.

According to Pashinyan, comparing the Lachin corridor with a road that will pass through the territory of Armenia is unacceptable.

He claims that the Armenian side is ready to build a railway as part of its proposals, but considers it necessary to sign an agreement with Azerbaijan:

“Why? Because we see a very specific risk: Armenia will build a highway and a railway, and Azerbaijan will refuse to open the border.” It turns out that neither Armenia, nor Azerbaijan, nor third countries will be able to use the infrastructure that requires investments of several hundred million dollars”.

The Prime Minister suggests that Azerbaijan de jure fix the agreements on the opening of the railway reached in Brussels in December 2021, agree on its parameters and begin construction. According to him, this can be done in one package – along with the highway․

Armenia, Azerbaijan and unblocking of transport routes – what was discussed in Sochi and what to expect from the upcoming meeting in Moscow

Pashinyan recalled the agreement reached on November 26, 2021 during a meeting with the President of Azerbaijan in Sochi.

A tripartite statement was also signed there, which reads:

“We agreed to take steps to increase the level of stability and security on the Azerbaijani-Armenian border and work towards the creation of a bilateral commission for the delimitation of the state border between the Republic of Azerbaijan and the Republic of Armenia with its subsequent demarcation with the advisory assistance of the Russian Federation at the request of the parties”.

Therefore, Pashinyan emphasizes, the demarcation of the border should be preceded by “steps aimed at increasing the level of stability and security on the border”.

Here is everything we know so far about the President of Russia, Azerbaijan and Prime Minister of Armenia’s trilateral meeting in Sochi, as well as expert commentary on the latest trilateral statement that was signed there

According to the Prime Minister of Armenia, Azerbaijan did not make any proposals on this issue and did not accept “any of the formulas on the withdrawal of troops” proposed by Armenia:

“What does it mean? In fact, this means that Azerbaijan is trying to maintain tension on the border, the possibility of resuming hostilities in the process of demarcation in order to present territorial claims against Armenia and resort to military provocations if these demands are not met. This is approach is unacceptable”.

Pashinyan stressed the need to launch a mechanism for international border monitoring:

“We offered several options, including Azerbaijan. Any of these options that Azerbaijan will accept will be acceptable for us”.

How can Armenians in Nagorno-Karabakh be saved? Experts believe that it is necessary to carry out a fundamental political assessment of the current situation and form a new political agenda, but this will take time

Armenia expects a “proper investigation and targeted assessment” of Azerbaijan’s actions in Nagorno-Karabakh from the international community, Pashinyan said:

“The Armenian population of Nagorno-Karabakh is being intimidated every day – literally, including through “gas terror” [referring to gas cuts during March] aimed at expelling people from their homes and homeland”.

“By its actions and statements, Azerbaijan proves that it is reponsible for blowing up pipeline in Karabakh” – Pashinyan’s statement about the alleged gas pipeline explosion

The Prime Minister stressed that Armenia offers concrete and “logical solutions” to the issue of border demarcation, opening of regional communications and ending the military escalation in Nagorno-Karabakh. He is convinced that “there are no grounds or justifications” for accusing the Armenian side of refusing to fulfill the agreements.

Asbarez: U.S. ‘Concerned’ About Azerbaijani Troop Movements in Artsakh, Gas Disruptions

U.S. State Department

Karen Donfried, US Assistant Secretary of State for European and Eurasian Affairs, held telephone conversations with Foreign Minister of Armenia Ararat Mirzoyan and Azerbaijani Foreign Minister Jeyhun Bayramov, the State Department’s Bureau of European and Eurasian Affairs said on Twitter.

“The US is deeply concerned about gas disruptions and Azerbaijan’s troop movements. Armenia and Azerbaijan need to use direct communications channels to immediately de-escalate,” said the statement.

Foreign Minister Ararat Mirzoyan briefed Donfried about the current situation in Artsakh, telling the American official that Azerbaijan “grossly violated the commitments assumed by the tai-lateral statements, endangering the regional peace and stability. He also presented Azerbaijani actions on targeting the civilian population, using psychological pressures and deliberately obstructing the normal operation of vital infrastructures aimed at creating a humanitarian crisis in Nagorno Karabakh.”

According to the foreign ministry, Mirzoyan told Donfried that these actions are “one of the vivid demonstrations of Azerbaijan’s ethnic cleaning and anti-Armenian policy. In this sense the minister stressed the need for the addressed and clear response by the international community, including the United States.”

Mirzoyan on Friday met with Ambassador Andrzej Kasprzyk, the Personal Representative of the OSCE Chairperson-in-Office, the ministry said in a news release.

During the meeting Mirzoyan touched on the March 24 Azerbaijani incursion into the village of Parukh, which is in the responsibility zone of the Russian peacekeeping contingent in Nagorno Karabakh.

Azerbaijan’s efforts to deliberately obstruct the normal operation of vital infrastructure and other steps directed to ethnic cleansing. The necessity of the return of Azerbaijani units back to their initial positions was emphasized.

Mirzoyan also presented Armenia’s position on the negotiations between Armenia and Azerbaijan around a peace agreement, highlighting the mediating role of the OSCE Minsk Group Co-Chairmanship in this context.

Cavusoglu, Lavrov Discuss Armenia-Turkey Normalization Process

The foreign ministers of Turkey and Russia, Mevlut Cavusoglu (left) and Sergei Lavrov

The foreign ministers of Russia and Turkey, Sergei Lavrov and Mevlut Cavusoglu discussed recent efforts to normalize relations between Ankara and Yerevan during the Turkish official’s visit to Moscow on Wednesday.

Cavusoglu said during a joint press conference with Lavrov that Turkey will continue its efforts to normalize relations with Armenia.

“A very good dialogue took place at the Antalya Diplomacy Forum [with Armenian Foreign Minister Ararat Mirzoyan],” said Cavusoglu. “Russia has been providing assistance since the beginning of the process, Azerbaijan has also been assisting in this matter. First of all, let us ensure a ceasefire, establish peace, in order to have a peaceful region. We will continue our efforts in this direction,” said Cavusoglu.

Cavusoglu and Armenia’s Foreign Minister Ararat Mirzoyan met in Antalya on Saturday on the margins of the diplomatic summit. The two leaders called the talks—the first meeting of high-level Turkish and Armenian officials since 2009—productive.

Lavrov also welcomed the normalization process.

“The meetings of the special representatives of Armenia and Turkey were organized. We welcome the process of normalization of bilateral ties between Armenia and Turkey, and we are ready for joint work which will enable to deepen cooperation between countries in the South Caucasus,” Lavrov said at the same press conference.

The Russian foreign minister also told reporters that he and Cavusoglu discussed the so-called “3+3” scheme, which is an Ankara-led proposal calling for the opening of the borders of Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Russia, Turkey and Iran in an effort to form a regional economic and strategic base.

“While discussing the situation in South Caucasus we noted that at the end of last year and early this year the foundations were laid for post-conflict interaction in this region through a new mechanism—a consultative regional platform ‘3+3′ involving Azerbaijan, Armenia, Russia, Iran, Turkey and Georgia, which is still thinking about joining this promising format. We are always ready to see our Georgian colleagues at meetings of this effort,” Lavrov said at a the press conference.

Armenian banking system has no problems regarding foreign payments – cenbank governor

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 17:00,

YEREVAN, MARCH 15, ARMENPRESS. The Armenian banking system has no problems regarding foreign payments, Central Bank Governor Martin Galstyan said at a press conference when asked whether or not Armenian banks were impacted after Russia was banned from SWIFT.

During his previous press briefing, when Galstyan was asked about the possible effects on Armenia if Russia were to be disconnected from SWIFT, the cenbank governor said the effect would be “heavy”. However, now he argues that afterwards the cenbank implemented some works. “I think we were right to be proactive in this matter. As of this moment, fortunately, the Armenian banking system has no problems with foreign payments,” Galstyan said.

According to estimates of the Armenian cenbank, Russia’s economy will decline 6%, which would in turn have significant effect on Armenia.