Une Conference Au Senat Belge Proclame La Reconnaissance Du Genocide

FEDERATION EURO-ARMENIENNE
pour la Justice et la Démocratie
Avenue de la Renaissance 10
B-1000 Bruxelles
Tel: +32 2 732 70 26
Tel/Fax: +32 2 732 70 27
Email : [email protected]

COMMUNIQUE DE PRESSE
pour diffusion immédiate
19 avril 2005
Contact :Talline Tachdjian
Tel/Fax :+32 2 732 70 27

UNE CONFERENCE AU SENAT BELGE PROCLAME LA RECONNAISSANCE DU GENOCIDE
COMME FONDEMENT PREALABLE A LA RECONCILIATION

Bruxelles, Belgique ~V A l’initiative du Sénateur Lionel Vandenberghe
(SPIRIT), le Sénat belge
a accueilli hier dans la maison des parlementaires une conférence sur le
génocide des Arméniens
intitulée « une Reconnaissance pour construire l~RAvenir ». Lors de cette
manifestation, soutenue par
un collectif de onze associations ( ), plusieurs
orateurs se sont exprimés et
notamment des ressortissants de Turquie. On notait la présence d~Run
représentant de la Commission
européenne et de quelques journalistes des médias turcs.

Durant son allocution d~Rintroduction, le Sénateur Vandenberghe a déclaré que
« la reconnaissance du
génocide constituerait un signal fort dans le cadre de la candidature turque
à l~RUnion européenne ».

L~RAmbassadeur d~RArménie au Benelux et auprès de l~RUnion européenne, M.
Vicken Tchitétchian, également
invité, a tenu à préciser qu~Ril était présent « en tant que représentant de
l~RArménie mais aussi en
tant que descendant de victimes du génocide ». Faisant allusion à la
politique négationniste, il a
ajouté que ce n~Rétait pas « une page noire de l~Rhistoire mais une réalité du
présent » et que « la
question de la reconnaissance du génocide est sortie du cadre arméno-turc
pour devenir une question
internationale ».

La Fédération Euro-Arménienne, par la voix de son directeur Laurent
Leylekian, a indiqué que « la
tolérance de l~REurope à la dernière phase du génocide qu~Rest le
négationnisme touche à la construction
européenne et même à la portée que nous octroyons à la notion de Droits de l
~RHomme ». Il a également
remarqué que ne pas exiger de la Turquie la reconnaissance du génocide, « c~R
est aussi faire injure aux
Turcs en laissant croire qu~Rà jamais la Turquie et les Turcs sont voués à l~R
indignité, au déni des droits,
au déni de la démocratie, au non-respect des autres et d~Reux-mêmes. »

En résumé, l~Rensemble des conférenciers s~Rest accordé sur le fait que la
reconnaissance du génocide par
la Turquie était un préalable inconditionnel à tout dialogue et à toute
réconciliation. Ils ont également
mis en exergue la relation directe entre les graves manquements de la
Turquie actuelle en matière de droits
de l~Rhomme et de démocratie, et la politique de déni du génocide des
Arméniens.

Au final, le sénateur Vandenberghe a lu une motion indiquant notamment « qu~R
il ne peut y avoir de paix sans
justice » et demandant que « le gouvernement turc reconnaisse l~Rhistoricité
du génocide ». Cette motion
sera transmise aux médias de Belgique et aux représentants politiques de
Belgique et de l~RUnion européenne.

#####

ANNEXE 1 ~V VERBATIM

Sénateur Lionel Vandenberghe (Spirit)
– la reconnaissance du génocide constituerait un signal fort dans le cadre
de la candidature turque
à l~RUnion européenne
– Nier un Génocide, c~Rest assassiner une seconde fois ses victimes

S.E. M. Vicken Tchitetchian (Ambassadeur de la République d~RArménie au
Benelux et auprès de l~RUnion européenne)
– Je suis ici en tant que représentant de l~RArménie mais aussi en tant que
descendant de victimes du génocide

Sénateur Pierre Galand (Parti Socialiste)
– Bien que le crime de génocide n~Rait été défini qu~Raprès la seconde guerre
mondiale, le terme s~Rapplique aujourd~Rhui légalement aux massacres et à la
déportation des Arméniens de Turquie
– De la reconnaissance, on peut alors passer à la réconciliation. Plusieurs
critères doivent être remplis
si l~Ron veut que la réconciliation soit efficace :
· Acceptation de la vérité
· Réhabilitation des victimes
· Jugement des responsables
· Prévention

Sénateur Alain Destexhe (Mouvement réformateur)
– Je regrette profondément que la reconnaissance du génocide n~Rait pas été
une condition de l~Rouverture
des négociations avec la Turquie
– Rien de solide ne peut se construire sans l~Racceptation du passé
– Les milieux officiels turcs ressassent deux arguments : il n~Ry a jamais eu
d~Rordre écrit d~Rextermination
et les Arméniens de Smyrne et de Constantinople n~Ront pas été touché. On
trouve les mêmes arguments
négationnistes pour le Génocide des Juifs. C~Rest une tentative de
relativisation, de mise en perspective,
c~Rest inacceptable.

M. Willy Kuijpers (Bourgmestre de Herent)
– En Turquie, sur les montagnes, on voit écrit avec des grosses pierres que
« le soleil ne peut pas brûler un Turc »
et qu~Run « seul Turc vaut plus que 100 non-Turcs »
– Il est inconcevable que le peuple turc puisse entrer en Europe sans une
conciliation avec les neuf autres
peuples présents en Turquie

M. Raymond Kévorkian (Historien, Conservateur de la bibliothèque Nubar
Pacha ~V Paris)
– Des cartes ethnographiques retrouvées dans les archives du Premier
ministre en Turquie montrent que dès 1914
apparaît un projet d~Rhomogénéisation ethnique de l~RAnatolie
– L~Rhomogénéisation, c~Rétait aussi la nationalisation des biens des
Arméniens

M. Laurent Leylekian (Directeur de la Fédération Euro-Arménienne –
Bruxelles)
– Ce furent les mêmes qui défendirent la nation arménienne, qui prirent la
défense du colonel Dreyfus et qui
fondèrent les premières ligues des Droits de l~RHomme. Pour ces esprits
éclairés, Dreyfus était un individu menacé
dans sa dignité et dans sa vie parce que Juif quand le peuple arménien était
menacé d~Rextermination parce qu~Rarménien.
– Dans le projet politique des Jeunes-Turcs, que les Kémalistes reprirent en
grande partie à leur compte, les
peuples non-Turcs de l~Rempire n~Ravait qu~Rune alternative : s~Rassimiler ou
disparaître.
– Les intellectuels et les responsables politiques qui firent le vingtième
siècle avait ainsi parfaitement perçu
la contradiction flagrante du projet de la Turquie dite moderne, qui tout en
empruntant les outils et en revêtant
les attributs formels de la modernité européenne, constitue un déni absolu
de l~RHumanisme européen

M. Derwich Ferho (directeur de l~RInstitut kurde de Bruxelles)
– L~REurope aussi doit s~Rexpliquer car elle était informée du Génocide des
Arméniens et elle porte une part de
responsabilité
– Il faut que cette mentalité fasciste et militariste qui règne en Turquie

M. Dogan Özgüden (directeur de la fondation Info-Türk – Bruxelles)
– Des élus belges d~Rorigine turque qui nie le génocide des Arméniens sont
toujours dans les rangs des partis
politiques de Belgique
– En tant que Turc, je suis fils du peuple turc, il faut admettre que la
terre anatolienne appartenait aux
Arméniens et aux Grecs
– Actuellement on parle d~Régalité en Turquie, mais il n~Ry a toujours aucun
non-Turc dans la haute hiérarchie
de l~REtat
– J~Rai vécu en Anatolie, dans des anciens villages arméniens où il restait
ça et là deux ou trois Arméniens.
On les considérait comme les idiots du village.
– Ceux qui critiquent la hiérarchie militaire en Turquie sont accusés de
trahison, d~Rêtre « dépourvus de sang turc ».

M. Ufuk Berdan (Confédération européenne des travailleurs de Turquie ~V ATIK)
– Le grand poète Ahmet Erif a dit « le 24 avril 1915, c~Rest le jour où la
dignité humaine a pleuré »
– Le génocide a aussi été la destruction du patrimoine culturel arménien de
Turquie. Ce génocide a une
dimension de douleur historique inouïe.
– Je suis d~Rorigine arabe, dans ma famille, il y a une fille arménienne qu~R
on avait récupérée et qu~Ron a marié.
– On ne peut plus polémiquer ~V Y-a-t-il eu un génocide ~V nous sommes là pour
renier le négationnisme.
– Nous serons à Erevan pour les commémorations du 24 avril, nous savons ce
qui nous attend à notre retour
– Vive la fraternité entre les peuples

M. Ludo Abicht (Professeur émérite à ~QUniversité d~RAnvers)
– Plus personne ne doute de la déportation et de l~Rassassinat massif des
Arméniens
– On est en train de nier la mémoire – ce sont les assassins de la mémoire
– Comme en Afrique du sud, il ne saurait y avoir de réconciliation sans
vérité
– Pourquoi la Turquie perçoit la vérité comme menaçante ? C~Rest lié au
manque d~Rattitude critique.

M. Recep Marasli (écrivain ~V journaliste)
– 90 ans, ça ne fait pas longtemps ~V les effets sont toujours présents et
très brûlants.
– Je voudrais saluer la mémoire de ce grand artiste qu~Rétait Karapet
Khatcho, qui était lui aussi un Arménien,
survivant du génocide et élevé dans la culture kurde. A travers lui, je m~R
incline devant toutes les victimes
du génocide.
– Ceux qui disent que l~REtat turc et la société turque n~Ront rien à voir se
trompent. Si on ne crève pas l~Rabcès,
on va encourager d~Rautres génocides. Déjà dans la presse turque, on lit que
« les Turcs d~RAnatolie sont armés
contre leurs voisins kurdes ».
– Les femmes et les enfants soit-disant sauvés du génocide [par les Turcs]
ont en fait été récupérés comme butin
et réduits en esclavage. Certains orphelins ont été envoyés à la guerre, d~R
autres utilisés pour la prostitution.
Kiazim Karabékir, par exemple, avait collecté 6000 orphelins à Erzerum, 4000
garçons et 2000 filles, pour le
plaisir sexuel de ses troupes.
– Il n~Ry a pas qu~Rune responsabilité politique, il y a aussi une
responsabilité sociale au sens général.
Qu~Ron fait mes grands-parents ?
– Moi, je suis né à Erzerum ; A Erzerum il y a un quartier qui s~Rappelle «
Gavur Boghan »,
« Les étrangleurs des infidèles ».
– Nous utilisons des anciennes écoles, des anciennes églises comme silo à
grains. A l~Récole, on nous dit que
les Arméniens étaient des immigrés importés et des terroristes mais on ne
nous dit pas que les robinets des
fontaines que nous utilisons ont été fabriqués par des Arméniens ;Qu~Rils ont
fait la richesse du pays.

******************

ANNEXE 2 ~V MOTION ‘Une Reconnaissance pour construire l~RAvenir’

Il y a 90 ans, le Génocide des Arméniens avait lieu dans l~REmpire Ottoman.

A partir du 24 avril 1915, le gouvernement Jeune-Turc de l~REmpire Ottoman
organisait l~Rextermination
du peuple arménien.

Pendant la période 1915-1917, presque tous les villages arméniens de l~R
Empire Ottoman ont été évacués
et plus d~Run million de citoyens ont été tués ou déportés vers un point
final : Deir az-Zor en Syrie.
Ainsi ils étaient condamné à suivre la longue marche de la faim vers le
désert. En général on assure
que plus d~Run million d~RArméniens, ainsi que plusieurs centaines de milliers
d~RAssyro-Chaldéens, ont
été massacrés pendant ce génocide.

Ce génocide réalisé après les ~Qcoups d~Ressai~R de 1894-1896 (300 000 morts
arméniens) fut en tout point
conforme à la définition donnée par la Convention de 1948 sur la Prévention
et la Répression du Crime
de Génocide.

Aujourd~Rhui, nous voulons honorer la mémoire des victimes innocentes de ce
génocide, qui furent exécutées
en raison de leur appartenance ethnique et religieuse.

Nous saluons les résolutions par lesquelles le Parlement européen d~Rune
part, et le Sénat belge d~Rautre
part, ont reconnu ce génocide en tant que tel, respectivement le 18 juin
1987 et le 8 octobre 1997.

Nous enjoignons toutes les autorités de Belgique et celles de l~RUnion
européenne à ne pas oublier cette
tragédie. Les générations futures doivent être conscientisées, entre autre
par l~Renseignement, de
l~Rimportance des droits de l~Rhomme et des libertés citoyennes.

Nous affirmons que la reconnaissance des crimes et les erreurs du passé est
une condition pour ouvrir
la voie au dialogue et à la réconciliation entre les peuples.

Nous insistons sur le fait qu~Ril ne peut pas exister la paix sans la
justice, ni en Turquie et ni en Arménie.

Nous estimons que la reconnaissance des crimes commis même par les anciens
régimes doit être faite sans
la moindre distanciation. C~Rest seulement après la reconnaissance qu~Ron peut
s~Rengager pour la réconciliation.

Nous constatons que les différends entre la communauté turque et les autres
communautés dans cette région
(arménienne, kurde, assyrienne, …) continuent toujours et qu~Rils mènent
encore à des morts, à l~Rexpulsion
des groupes de population et à des innombrables violations des droits de l~R
homme dans cette région.

Par suite nous demandons :

– Que l~RUnion européenne et les Etats membres de l~RUnion européenne
reconnaissant le génocide du peuple
arménien dans l~REmpire ottoman (1915-1917) comme crime contre l~Rhumanité ;

– Que le gouvernement turc reconnaisse l~Rhistoricité du génocide, commis
par le dernier gouvernement de
l~REmpire ottoman en 1915 ;

– Que la Turquie ouvre ses archives pour compléter la documentation
existante attestant le génocide du peuple
arménien dans l~REmpire ottoman (1915-1917)

– Que l~RUnion européenne et ses Etats membres soutiennent toutes les
initiatives qui peuvent favoriser le
dialogue entre la communauté arménienne et la communauté turque afin de
réaliser la réconciliation.

Lionel Vandenberghe Sénateur

–Boundary_(ID_xyiIV8CccbNsYIp0grdtFg)–

www.armeniangenocide.be

Moskva Cinema Begins Decade Of Genocide Films

MOSKVA CINEMA BEGINS DECADE OF GENOCIDE FILMS

Armenpress

YEREVAN, APRIL 18, ARMENPRESS: Moskva cinema in Yerevan kicks off today
a decade of films devoted to the 90-the anniversary of the Armenian
genocide by screening three times a day fiction and documentary films
about the genocides of the 20-th century.

Hotel Rwanda by Terry George, The Pianist by Roman Polansky, Mayrig
by French Armenian director Henry Verneuil, Aram by another French
Armenian director Robert Kechichain, also Michael Hakobian~Rs Voices
from the Lake, Pea Homquist~Rs Back to Ararat and other films will
be screened.

The UN Armenia Office has helped the cinema house to make this
possible.

Soccer: Ajax Move for Manucharyan

Ajax move for Manucharyan
Friday, 15 April 2005

AFC Ajax have reached an agreement with FC Pyunik to
sign Armenian international striker Edgar Manucharyan
in the summer, while the Dutch club’s forward Mauro
Rosales will miss the rest of the season.

Trial injury
The 18-year-old Manucharyan was on trial in Amsterdam
in December 2004 and took part in a friendly match
against FC Barcelona, but lasted only 14 minutes after
suffering a foot injury. The setback caused the trial
to be terminated prematurely, but Manucharyan remained
in Amsterdam for rehabilitation and will join Ajax’s
first team in time for the start of the 2005/06 season
having signed a three-year contract, which starts on 1
July.

Rosales ruled out
It was not all good news for Ajax coach Danny Blind,
however, as Rosales will miss the rest of the season
as an ankle injury requires surgery. The Argentinian
winger damaged a ligament in his right ankle in the
Eredivisie game with Willem II last weekend, and will
therefore sit out the rest of the campaign after the
operation

European Bank is Interested in Armenia

A1plus

| 18:10:18 | 14-04-2005 | Official |

EUROPEAN BANK IS INTERESTED IN ARMENIA

Today Robert Kocharyan received head of the Yerevan office of European Bank
of Development and Reconstruction Michael Veinstein.

The parties dicussed issues on prospects of the activities of the Armenian
branch of the Bank.

Michael Veinstein noted that at present the Bank more than ever is
interested in Armenia and has already developed a large package of projects
to be implemented here. The projects provide for a credit process, as well
as participation in projects related to mining and infrastructures.

`Community and Right’ NGO Against `Orinats Yerkir’ Party

A1plus

| 14-04-2005 | Politics |

`COMMUNITY AND RIGHT’ NGO AGAINST `ORINATS YERKIR’ PARTY

Non-governmental organization `Community and Right’ flatly refuses to
cooperate with «Orinats Yerkir» party. «We will not support a party that is
a leader in electoral violations, spreading false statements and trying to
mislead not only numerous members of our party, but also the society», said
president of the `Community and Right’ NGO Samvel Lazarian at the
press-conference in `Pakagits’ club today.

The controversy between the parties was caused by the circumstance that
according to the `Community and Right’, `Orinats Yerkir’ gambles on its
political consultations and incorrectly presents the list of its
«supporters».

In «Iravunk» weekly NA speaker Arthur Baghdasaryan called upon political and
public organizations to unite so that the upcoming elections of local
self-government bodies be free and fair. Later follow-up responses to
Baghdasaryan’s appeal were published in `Aravot’ daily. However, after
reading the published materials Samvel Lazarian, president of `Community
and Right’ NGO, reported: `Orinats Yerkir party published private
conversations and individual opinions, thus transforming in particular the
response of `Community and Right’ which has nothing to do with the stand of
our organisation. During the past years we have always supported fair and
democratic elections, and never adhered to any political trend’.

In fact, a representative of Orinats Yerkir had a telephone conversation
with Anahit Ghahramanyan, vice-president of the said NGO (also an Orinats
Yerkir member). She welcomed the idea on behalf of the president and called
on other NGOs to join the process.In this regard Mr. Lazarian addressed the
NA, spoke with members of Orinats Yerkir. The latters promised to make the
necessary corrections, but nothing has been done so far.

By the way, Samvel Lazarian is non-party and doesn’t accept any of the
functioning parties. Perhaps, `Community and Right’ NGO will also enter the
political field in the near future.

ANKARA: Turkey and the EU a Lose-lose Situation?

The New Anatolian, Turkey
April 14 2005

Turkey and the EU a Lose-lose Situation?

The possible decline of the government and political instability in
Turkey will be major themes in the coming days. The attacks against
the Justice and Development (AK) Party government from within as well
as without have already started. It’s not a positive development but
an expected one. Many critics of Prime Minister Recep Tayyip
Erdogan’s government agree that their “mental army” can’t cope with
Turkey’s foreign policy challenges. Indeed, if everyone talks in the
same way about the inadequacy of government policies there must be
something behind it.

Turkey’s European Union membership negotiations are expected to begin
in October, but this increasingl y seems to be unlikely. There are
still many political issues which Turkey cannot and will not agree
with the EU before October. Last weekend, at a conference organized
by the Turkish Union of Chambers and Commodities Exchanges (TOBB) in
Ankara on the negotiation experiences of several EU members and
near-members, it became clear that Turkey is not going do appoint a
chief negotiator as newly joined Poland and Hungary have, but was
approaching the negotiations in a similar manner to Romania. Turkish
representatives of the government were not giving any clear position
and maintaining that the prime minister is intending to be the chief
negotiator. This may be true in a political sense, but who is going
to lead the technical talks?

It seems that the government is also not happy about the EU’s policy
towards Turkey. Even the suggestion of a possible Ocalan retrial
created a strong nationalistic climate in Turkey. If opposition
Republican People’s Party leader Deniz Baykal’s claims that the
decision to retry has indeed been made are true, then Turkey is
headed towards more turbulent times in the future. The so-called
Armenian genocide issue, which has become a hot topic in the French
and German parliaments, is another problem that will surely test
Turkey’s limits of tolerance.

But now the most important issue has become the reborn PKK issue.
Erdogan’s visit to Norway was expected to be problematic, but who
would have expected an egg-throwing PKK militants? Actually, although
it is certainly nothing new that a Turkish prime minister is attacked
in this way, it was the first time that Erdogan has been. During
Nevruz celebrations, the Norweigian ambassador to Turkey was
“visiting” Diyarbakir and was criticized by the press. Norway and
other northern European states are places where the terrorist PKK is
perfectly organized. From this point of view, there is nothing new in
the West!

Erdogan’s visits to any EU country will from now on be ridden with
such demonstrations, and especially if he insists on holding public
debates or press conferences. Of course, it’s not only Erdogan who is
insulted by these demonstrations, but the entire Turkish nation. This
is why he is going to follow also a nationalistic policy. Yes, there
are great debates amongst European political circles about whether
the negotiations with Turkey should be postponed. The good will of
the Turkish government and the Turkish people are not being met
fairly. A solution for Cyprus is being put on the back burners
because there can be no solution until October anyway. The more the
EU insists on quick solutions to these issues, the more it will be
considered as unseemly political pressure. Indeed, all signs show
that neither the EU nor Turkey’s government will be successful in
starting the negotiations smoothly.

The anti-EU forces in Turkey are on the rise, and the EU is not doing
enough, other than simply criticizing Turkey’s political responses to
the Women’s Day incidents last month and more recently in Trabzon and
Samsun. These type of “innocent democratic expressions” will turn
into a significant political instability virus that is certain to
attack Turkey’s nervous system. Though Turkey has ample political
experience from the last 25 years, the upcoming negotiations will
involve technical issues and instruments that are entirely different.
Before it was the Soviet Union, now the EU. There has been a shift in
the power bloc, but the country remains the same: Turkey.

We need common sense to prevail now more then ever. Turks succumb
very easily to provocation. Board of Higher Education (YOK) Chairman
Erdogan Tezic said, after the recent Trabzon incidents, that he fears
that such polarization will spread to the universities.

For some EU countries, Turkey is socially and politically unstable
and doesn’t deserve to join the EU. Why then is the EU insisting on
the negotiation start date? The EU is losing its attractiveness to
Turkish society very rapidly and this tendency will only get
stronger. Who is losing to whom doesn’t matter at this point. The
decision to go ahead with negotiations last December was considered a
win-win situation, but now policies on both sides suggest we are
heading for a lose-lose situation.

By Prof. Huseyin Bagci
The New Anatolian

Mikhail Fradkov and Artur Baghdasarian Discussed Trade-Economic

Pan Armenian News

MIKHAIL FRADKOV AND ARTUR BAGHDASARIAN DISCUSSED TRADE-ECONOMIC SPHERE OF
BILATERAL RELATIONS

12.04.2005 08:23

/PanARMENIAN.Net/ Russian Prime Minister Mikhail Fradkov and Chairman of the
National Assembly of Armenia Artur Baghdasarian discussed important aspects
of the Russian-Armenian relations in Moscow. As reported by the Press
Service of the Russian Government, at their meeting Fradkov and Baghdasarian
specifically discussed relations in the trade-economic and international
spheres.

Bob Dole’s 60-Year War

The Washington Post
April 12, 2005 Tuesday
Final Edition

Bob Dole’s 60-Year War

by Jonathan Yardley

ONE SOLDIER’S STORY
A Memoir
By Bob Dole
HarperCollins. 287 pp. $25.95

Bob Dole has spent the nearly nine years since his not entirely
voluntary retirement from political office busily, even frantically,
cashing in. What seemed like only minutes after his defeat by Bill
Clinton in the 1996 presidential election, Dole rushed off in any
direction where a dollar beckoned. He did so many commercials it was
difficult to keep track: Visa, Target, Dunkin’ Donuts, Pepsi, Air
France and, most notoriously, Viagra. Never mind that at least some
of his haul was donated to charity; the overall impression was of
someone turning a public career into a springboard for private gain
in ways that brought no credit to that career, or to the many
Americans who placed their faith in Dole.

Now he’s come forth with a book, the product of many ghostly hands.
“One Soldier’s Story” is an account of Dole’s boyhood in Kansas
during the 1920s and the Depression, his service in World War II, the
terrible wounds he suffered in combat in the European war’s final
weeks and his long, hard, determined and courageous recovery. To say
that it is a familiar story is understatement; during nearly half a
century in politics, Dole and his acolytes told it over and over and
over again, not so much ennobling Dole as trivializing a very human
and very powerful story.

Precisely what is served by telling it once again in book form is
difficult to determine. Certainly it is self-serving for Dole to
thank his publisher “for recognizing that my story represents an
entire generation of heroes who endured World War II, and for seeing
the need to pass on a legacy to the next generation.” In truth,
Dole’s story can be said to “represent” only the stories of soldiers
who were traumatically wounded yet managed, through their own
steadfastness and the selfless help of others, to achieve some
measure of healing. Dole’s phrasing, though, suggests that he is
trying to climb aboard the highly lucrative “Greatest Generation”
bandwagon, putting himself forth as its emblematic and heroic figure.

What makes this undertaking even harder to accept as anything but
another raid on the money tree is that Dole told pretty much the same
story (except for some previously unpublished letters he sent home
from training camp and the front), in “Unlimited Partners: Our
American Story,” written with his wife, Elizabeth Dole, with the
helping hand of Richard Norton Smith, who also “provided enormous
editorial assistance as well as his unique perspectives on my story”
in the production of the new book. The collaboration with Elizabeth
Dole was originally published in 1988, as part of Dole’s effort to
secure a Republican presidential nomination, and revised subsequently
to include the story of the 1996 campaign.

All of which makes “One Soldier’s Story” a difficult book to review.
To raise objections to the motives apparently behind it and its flat,
assembly-line prose doubtless will be taken in some quarters as an
attempt to belittle what happened to Dole and how he overcame it.
Nothing of the sort is intended. As one who finds much to admire in
Dole’s political career and who voted for him in 1996, I am inclined
to wink at his lapses in taste, judgment and rhetoric — of which,
alas, there have been a good many over the years. But even after
every benefit of the doubt is extended to Dole, “One Soldier’s Story”
has little to recommend it.

You know the story. In April 1945, the newly minted second lieutenant
(a “90-Day Wonder,” as those young, green officers were called) was
hit by a “mortar round, exploding shell, or machine gun blast —
whatever it was, I’ll never know” — in action in the Italian
Apennine Mountains. “I didn’t know it at the time, but whatever it
was that hit me had ripped apart my shoulder, breaking my collarbone
and my right arm, smashing down into my vertebrae, and damaging my
spinal cord.” It is a miracle that Dole survived the several hours
before medics reached him, then the excruciating trip to a hospital,
then the transatlantic flight, then the years of treatment, surgery
and therapy.

Even told for the umpteenth time, the story retains its power. “On
the morning of April 14, 1945, I could raise my right hand high in
the air and motion the men in my platoon to follow me. It’s been more
than sixty years since that morning, and I’ve not raised my right
hand over my head since.” And, after seeing himself for the first
time in a mirror, a sight that “horrified” him: “It’s been more than
sixty years since I first saw that image in the bathroom mirror. In
the past sixty years, I’ve glanced at my full body in a mirror less
than half a dozen times. Except to shave and comb my hair, I still
avoid looking in mirrors. After showering in the morning, the first
thing I do is put on a T-shirt. I don’t need any more reminders.”

Dole is quick to acknowledge those who helped him and is generous in
his thanks. His entire family pitched in, but the “unconditional
love” of his mother was crucial. Many doctors counseled and operated
on him; the most important was “Dr. K,” Hampar Kelikian, “an Armenian
refugee who . . . understood the horrors of war all too well” and who
“inspired within me a new attitude, a new way of looking at my life,
urging me to focus on what I had left and what I could do with it,
rather than complaining about what had been lost and could never be
repaired.” Many nurses attended him as well, by far the most
important being Phyllis Holden, whom he married in 1948; she “refused
to treat me as a cripple; she knew that the best way I could be happy
was to do things for myself.”

Dole went back to college, then to law school and soon enough into
politics. He thinks that he’d have done much the same had he returned
from the war unscathed, but that seems unlikely. The war was the
shaping experience of his life, and everything that followed it must
be seen in that light. This includes his lifelong sympathy for others
who have suffered, as well as the conflict that often surfaced during
his political career between this sympathy and his belief in
individual self-reliance unencumbered by governmental assistance.

As has been remarked elsewhere, it also no doubt helps explain the
bitterness and meanness he cannot always control. A man who has spent
six decades asking “Why me? Why did it happen?” would have to be a
saint to avoid anger and self-pity, and Dole is no saint.
Unfortunately, there is evidence of this in the closing pages, in
which Dole pats himself on the back for his role in placing the World
War II Memorial in the middle of the Mall. With regard to an
organization called Save the Mall, which fought hard and fair against
the memorial, Dole says: “We already saved it once. . . . We saved it
and everything else in World War II.” Not merely is that
breathtakingly self-righteous, it also condescends to a group of
serious, public-spirited citizens and shows little but contempt for
what one would expect a Great Plains conservative to hold dear: the
right of Americans to hold and express differing points of view.

The ways in which Dole engineered the World War II Memorial did him
little credit. Unfortunately the principal effect of the final pages
of “One Soldier’s Story” is merely to remind us of this, bringing to
an unfortunate end a book that would best have gone unwritten.

Issue of Armenian Genocide in Turkish Parliament

AZG Armenian Daily #064, 12/04/2005

Armenian Genocide

ISSUE OF ARMENIAN GENOCIDE IN TURKISH PARLIAMENT

Abdullah Gul Denies

Abdullah Gul, Turkish deputy prime minister, stated that the program of
Ankara’s “actions against the statements about the so-called Armenian
genocide” will be discussed at the Turkish parliament on April 13. Gul said
this at the airport during his trip to Algeria.

The Turkish press is littered with the articles denying the Armenian
Genocide. Though negatively, but the neighboring country arouses greater
noise around the massacres of 1,5 million of Armenians committed in the
early 20th century in the Ottoman Turkey.

“I am going to give some explanations concerning the statements of the
Armenians, adding that Turkey can be more active and brave in this issue,”
Sabah daily quoted Gul as saying.

This will be the first discussion of the Armenian Genocide at the Turkish
parliament, certainly in the negative context. On April 5, the Committee for
Harmonic Relations with EU at Turkish Parliament also discussed the issue of
“the Armenian allegations” during its sitting.

Ropper Hattechian, editor-in-chief of Istanbul-based Marmara daily, said in
the interview to daily Azg the idea to discuss the events of the early 20th
century in the Ottoman Turkey belongs to a group of parliament members of
oppositional democratic-republican and Justice and Prosperity centrist
parties.

Hattechian said that the Turkish press is full of articles about the
Armenian Genocide, today. He said that it’s natural that they are going to
deny the Genocide in their speeches at parliament, including Abdullah Gul.

NTV informed that Ahmed Necdet Sezer, Turkish President, touched upon the
Armenian Genocide on April 9. Holding a speech at the Istanbul Military
Academy, Sezer said that the statements saying that the Ottoman Empire
committed a genocide against its Armenian citizens are offensive to the
Turkish people.

Sezer said that one should carry out an investigation when touching upon the
historical issues, using documents that reflect objective and unprejudiced
attitude.

This January, when Mehmed Ali Birand, Turkish well-known journalist, warned
about the danger of “the Armenian Tsunami,” the Turkish mass media began
dwelling on the issue more and more frequently.

Zaman newspaper said in April 9 issue, in “What Does Genocide Mean?” article
that in 1915-16, when the Ottoman Empire decided to evict its Armenian
citizens, thousands of Armenians died of hunger, cold and attacks. Zaman
characterized the Armenian Genocide with the term “the great tragedy.”

Turkish Daily News online news portal wrote in its April 7 issue that Ankara
gave its consent for opening a new Yerevan-Antalia air route. The newspaper
cited an unknown official who said that “this gesture of Turkey will help
release the tension between the two countries,” caused by the conclusions
about “the so-called Armenian genocide.”

The newspaper reminded that the Turkish officials allowed “Armavia” company
to make flights between Istanbul and Yerevan. CNN-Turk informed that in 2004
the number of the Armenians that spend their holidays in Turkey amounted to
50 thousand.

Turkish Daily News reminded that on April 24 the Armenians are going to
commemorate the anniversary of “the so-called Armenian genocide.” “Over 90
congressmen applied to president Bush with a letter, calling for recognizing
the statements about the Genocide. But the Turkish authorities, including
Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan, are sure that the Bush administration
is likely to avert this step, as, otherwise, it may seriously damage the
Turkish-American relations.”

By Tatoul Hakobian

ANKARA: So-Called Armenian Genocide Allegations to be Carried to NA

Zaman, Turkey
April 11 2005

So-Called Armenian Genocide Allegations to be Carried to the Turkish
Parliament
By Suleyman Kurt
Published: Sunday 10, 2005
zaman.com

Turkish Foreign Minister Abdullah Gul announced that a general
meeting will be held regarding the so-called Armenian genocide
allegations on Wednesday (April 13) and that at this meeting, he will
be making important statements. Gul said: “Turkey has delayed this
issue, whether we like it or not.” Visiting Algeria for official
contacts, Gul responded to questioning from the press Noting that
Turkey has, for decades, failed to address the allegations of
Armenian genocide, Minister Gul said: “Turkey could have pursued this
issue more courageously and thus enlightened the world. In this
sense, we are lacking. An event that never took place and that has no
legal dimension seems to have found a place in Western public
opinions and consciences as a result of propaganda.”

Gul stressed that in order to prevent this situation from becoming
more rigid, studies must be conducted. Pointing out that the Turkish
Foreign Ministry has been dwelling upon the importance of the issue
since the beginning of 2005, Gul told reporters: “I will make several
more announcements regarding this issue; however, I will give some
clues at the Parliament as well.” When asked whether or not the issue
will be handled at the United Nations (UN) level with an
international meeting, Gul stressed that the UN is a political
platform and objected to this: “The UN might also make mistakes. Some
things that are perceived as true are in fact false. There are
examples of this. ”

On the other side, Foreign Minister Gul disclosed: “It would be more
useful if we look at the issue like this; how could this problem be
solved? How could this region be turned into a symbol of peace and
cooperation? If these issues are studied in this manner, then I
suppose it would be beneficial for all parties.”