AAA: Armenia This Week – 07/12/2004

ARMENIA THIS WEEK
Monday, July 12, 2004

NEW SOUTH OSSETIA CLASHES CAUSE CONCERN IN ARMENIA
Georgians and Ossetians were shooting at each again last week, following
twelve years of relative peace in the breakaway province of South Ossetia.
The province lies in direct proximity to the Russia to Georgia gas pipeline
and highway, both of key economic significance to Armenia. Foreign Minister
Vartan Oskanian noted that any tension in Georgia is of concern to Armenia
and expressed hope for a peaceful resolution of the conflict.

Georgia’s President Mikhail Saakashvili claimed this Monday that a new
conflict “has been averted” this week due to diplomatic efforts involving
Russia and the United States. But media reports suggest both sides are being
reinforced with personnel and equipment. The fighting came amid
Saakashvili’s effort to regain control over parts of the country that had
effectively broken away in the early 1990s and comes on the heel of
Saakashvili’s success in re-imposing Tbilisi’s authority in Ajaria. But
unlike Ajarians, who are ethnically Georgian and whose long-time leader
Aslan Abashidze never sought secession from Georgia, Ossetians are a
separate ethnic group, who speak a language related to Persian, and are
seeking to become part of Russia.

South Ossetia was an autonomous province within Soviet Georgia and as of
1989 had a largely ethnic Ossetian population of 90,000 people. A larger
North Ossetia autonomous republic just to the north was and is to this day
part of the Russian Federation. As the Soviet Union disintegrated, the new
post-Soviet Georgian government of nationalist President Zviad Gamsakhurdia
stripped South Ossetia of autonomy in an effort to reassert control.
Following bitter fighting in and around the provincial capital of
Tskhinvali, Ossetians ousted the Georgian forces and by 1992 the two sides
negotiated a cease-fire agreement brokered and policed by Russia and
endorsed by the OSCE.

Despite the war, there has been considerably less ethnic tension between
Georgians and Ossetians than in other Caucasus conflicts. Although Tbilisi
has lost control of the province, economic ties remained and there are still
Georgians living in South Ossetia and Ossetians in the rest of Georgia.
Saakashvili has made an effort to woo in the Ossetians by launching
Ossetian-language TV broadcasts and distributing “humanitarian aid” to the
province. While stating that Georgians and Ossetians are “brothers,”
Saakashvili assailed South Ossetia’s elected leader Eduard Kokoiti and
unnamed “imperialistic” forces in Russia for driving a wedge between the two
nations. Saakashvili has said that he is committed to a peaceful settlement
of the conflict.

But in a simultaneous show of force, Georgia sent additional security forces
to the area, which the Russian peacekeepers said was in violation of the
1992 cease-fire. Also, some 1,000 volunteers from Russia, particularly from
North Ossetia, and Georgia’s other breakaway province, Abkhazia, reportedly
arrived in Tskhinvali following Kokoiti’s call to join in defense of South
Ossetia. In a weekend speech, Saakashvili, in apparent reference to these
volunteers, said, “their blood… will flow. We will kill them off without
mercy.” Saakashvili, who has committed to regain control over South Ossetia
“within a year,” is currently in London to drum up Western support.
(Sources: Armenia This Week 6-7; Arminfo 6-8, 7-8; RFE/RL 7-8, 9, 12;
7-10, 12; 7-12)

NATO PLEDGES “SPECIAL FOCUS” ON CAUCASUS
Members of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) pledged renewed
attention to the “strategically important regions of the Caucasus and
Central Asia.” The commitment came in a joint communiqué issued at the
conclusion of the alliance summit held in Istanbul, Turkey. Foreign Minister
Vartan Oskanian led the Armenian delegation to the event.

NATO will now assign a special representative and two liaison officers to
the regions. The Caucasus countries cooperate with the alliance through
NATO’s Partnership for Peace (PfP) program. So far only Georgia has publicly
opted to join NATO, but both Armenia and Azerbaijan desire closer links with
the alliance. Georgia’s President Mikhail Saakashvili said that he expects
NATO to officially designate his country as a candidate in 2006 with formal
accession in 2008. But in its statement, NATO identified only three
countries, Albania, Croatia and Macedonia as possible future candidates.

While in Istanbul Oskanian held talks with his Turkish counterpart Abdullah
Gul and, briefly, with Prime Minister Recep Tayyib Erdogan. Oskanian said
the talks “confirmed his impression… that the Turkish government really
has a sincere desire to achieve progress in relations with Armenia.”
However, following several years of meetings, no such progress has been
achieved yet. (Sources: NATO 6-28; RFE/RL Armenia Report 6-30; RFE/RL
Caucasus Report 7-2)

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EU wants Armenia to close its nuclear power plant

RosBusinessConsulting, Russia
July 9 2004

EU wants Armenia to close its nuclear power plant

RBC, 09.07.2004, Yerevan 09:43:33.The European Union is
planning to collect funds to close the Armenian nuclear power plant,
Janez Potocnik, a junior EU commissioner working with enlargement
commissioner Guenter Verheugen, declared at a briefing in Yerevan,
Armenia. According to him, the EU is ready to allocate up to EUR100m
for this purpose and attract its partners to this project, the ARKA
news agency reported.

The closing of the nuclear facility is necessary for
technological and seismic safety reasons, the commissioner specified
noting that Bulgaria and Baltic states also faced such problems.

At the same time, Potocnik admitted that this was a pretty
complicated process, since new sources of energy were to be found.
According to Armenian experts, some EUR1bn is necessary to create
other energy generating facilities that would replace the capacity of
the Armenian nuclear power plant.

The facility was put into operation in January 1980. Due to
some political circumstances it was closed in 1989. A second rector
of the plant resumed generating energy in 1995. The capacity of each
reactor is 407.5 megawatts. Experts believe that the power plant can
operate until 2018.

Financial flows of the Armenian nuclear power plant are managed
by Inter RAO UES, which is a subsidiary of RAO UES (60 percent) and
Rosenergoatom (40 percent).

Armenian FM reaffirms plans to veto Turkey’s OSCE chairmanship

ArmenPress
July 9 2004

ARMENIAN FOREIGN MINISTER REAFFIRMS PLANS TO VETO TURKEY’S OSCE
CHAIRMANSHIP

YEREVAN, JULY 9, ARMENPRESS: In what can be described as an
explicit indication, Armenian foreign affairs minister Vartan
Oskanian reaffirmed Thursday that Armenia would use its veto power to
prevent Turkey from assuming the chairmanship of the OSCE in 2007.
Oskanian had first disclosed this plan during a talk at the Center
for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS) in Washington on June
14.
In response to a question what his vision of the OSCE was Oskanian
said, as was cited by California Courier online: “Armenia has the
veto power, which we will use, because Turkey has not risen to the
occasion. We cannot allow a country to be chairman in office with
which we don’t have diplomatic ties. We cannot allow a country to be
chairman in office of OSCE which negotiates the Nagorno Karabagh
conflict, and the chairman has certain rights and privileges that can
be used against Armenia, especially given Turkey’s policy in these
past 12 years towards the region, which has been extremely
unbalanced, and given its unequivocal support and solidarity toward
Azerbaijan and one-sided policy toward Nagorno Karabagh.”
Drawing parallels with the European Union, Oskanian said Thursday
in Yerevan that the chairmanship of the European Commission has to be
represented by a country that is directly involved in all EU
programs. “The announcement that Armenia would use its veto power not
to allow Turkey to take up the OSCE chairmanship is conditioned by
this circumstance and is not aimed to start trading with Turkey,”
Oskanian said.
In a reference to the weekend visit of the OSCE Minsk group
chairmen to the region Oskanian said they are not bringing new
proposals for the resolution of the Karabagh conflict, as “the
negotiations on the level of Armenian and Azerbaijani foreign
ministers and presidents have not built sufficient grounds for them
to offer written proposals.” Oskanian said the meetings in Yerevan,
Baku and Stepanakert will be of consultative character.

What these ‘show trials’ are really showing us

The Times (London)
July 8, 2004, Thursday

What these ‘show trials’ are really showing us

Simon Sebag Montefiore

THIS IS the season of “show trials”, but the fallen tyrants,
arraigned before courts of law and tribunals of posterity, are not
performing as expected.

Saddam Hussein, arraigned in Baghdad, appeared appropriately
bewildered until he felt the restorative beams of centre stage and
swaggeringly challenged the jurisdiction of the court, accusing
President Bush of being the “real criminal”.

Slobodan Milosevic has gone one better -this week he claimed that his
blood pressure is so high that he is not fit to be tried at all.

Former dictators often turn out to be as manipulatively adept in
court as Marshall Hall and they can lead Western justice a merry
dance -for the very reason that our system tries desperately to give
the accused every chance to assert their innocence. These trials are
the judicial equivalent of the diplomatic confrontations between
democracies and dictatorships. In those tournaments of power,
dictatorships are well equipped to exploit the flawed qualities of
democracies whose decision-making is cumbersomely consensual and
whose public opinion eschews bloodshed. Hence it took years of brazen
Nazi aggression, of Serbian blood-letting, of Saddamist brinkmanship
before we intervened.

Yet as in democracy itself, it is the very flawed fairness of the
proceedings that makes them so worthwhile. Dictators can preen,
deliver sicknotes, and rant at the judges, but this sound and fury
merely raise the dignity of the court itself. The more they play up,
the more justice is seen to be done -and it must be seen to be done.

These trials are colloquially, and semi-ironically, called “show
trials”, but we should be more respectful of ourselves, and the
victims of these monsters. Words matter in times such as ours. These
trials are primarily to give justice to every victim, treating each
destroyed human life as cause for a trial in itself, and thus to
avoid colluding in Stalin’s macabre quip: “One death is a tragedy, a
million, a statistic.” But except for high-profile assassinations,
this is impossible with so many victims. Thus we enter the realm of
Stalinist insouciance accusing the tyrants of genocide, an indictment
of numbers so large that there is a danger that they become
meaningless or give refuge to deniers who ape Disraeli’s bon mot:
“There are lies, damn lies and statistics.”

Nevertheless we must also admit that there is much “show” in these
trials too: they must show justice to Serbia or Iraq, helping them to
rebuild and showing them the humiliation of these grotesques; they
must show other benighted places that their tyrants may be held to
account; and show us -Western electorates -that our war was just.
Justice must be seen to be done in more ways than is usual.

Despite this, they are not show trials. The original was developed in
the USSR in the late Twenties and reached its apogee with Stalin’s
three theatrical tribunals in 1936, 1937 and 1938. In these trials,
his opponents, Lenin’s celebrated lieutenants, Zinoviev and Bukharin,
admitted belonging to all-embracing criminal conspiracies. They were
sentenced to death and shot. There were plenty of credulous fools,
such as the US Ambassador Joseph E. Davies, but most Westerners
realised that these were really not trials at all but melodramatic
political passion plays.

The new Soviet archives show just how lovingly these theatricals were
supervised by their playwright-in-chief. I found notes by the
Prosecutor-General Andrei Vyshinsky showing how Stalin had dictated
his summings-up. Stalin constantly tinkered with the text, writing
that it required some “stylistic polishing”. The victims (or actors)
understood that these were plays in a new Aesopian language designed
to retell and sanctify the Bolshevik Revolution for the party and
posterity -hence Bukharin’s brilliant performance, though he wrote
pitifully to Stalin: “Koba, why do I have to die?”

Historically, we are not above holding show trials ourselves. The
trials of Charles I or of Henry VIII’s victims truly resemble
Stalinist show trials. The accusations against Anne Boleyn
-ridiculous conspiracies of witchcraft, incest, murder, treason
-exist only in the alternative universe of fatal theatre.

The crimes of Milosevic or Saddam are much too real, so it is
irritating that we cannot stop them relishing the limelight. It is
the nature of these demi messianic egomaniacs to believe that
everything they have ever done was part of their historic mission.
They cannot help playing to posterity.So they are hard criminals to
try. Not unlike a serial killer who has been found guilty in the
tabloids, we already believe, no we already know that Saddam and
Milosevic are as guilty as sin but the challenge is to prove that
they gave direct homicidal orders. Then there is the enduring fear
that they engendered and the cosa nostra-style command structures
which make guilt hard to stick.

But dictators are often self-righteously bureaucratic, seeing no
reason not to record their atrocities. Stalin’s archives contain his
(and his henchmen) signatures on orders to kill randomly hundreds of
thousands by quota; to torture individuals; even to execute 28,000
Polish officers in 1940. But he also gave orders to kill well-known
people using a special codeword which symbolised the highest secret
power: “The Instantsiya orders…” and this was passed down the line.
Had Stalin faced trial, this would have been hard to pin down. Hitler
knew much better that he was doing wrong because his signature
virtually never appears on orders for the Final Solution.

The danger is that such trials become stand-alone spectacles that
blame all crimes on one man and neither assign the guilt correctly
nor cleanse the culture. The true success of Nuremberg was not the
death sentences but that the trial was the centrepiece of German
de-Nazification and renaissance. In Russia, true responsibility for
mass murder (beyond Stalin and Beria) has never been faced, hence the
difficulty in creating civic society: no sin, no redemption.

There are limits to what we can do. We cannot capture all the tyrants
(blood-spattered Idi Amin or Ethiopia’s diabolical Mengistu never
faced trial) but we must do what we can. Should they be shot? Such
are their crimes that it seems that only death even approaches the
appropriate level for such malice and such misery. Stalin took a
minute interest in the conduct of his victims at the intimate moment
of execution: do we diminish ourselves by playing hangmen?

If these are not show trials, we need to coin a new word for them and
their special justice. Perhaps they are not only murder trials on a
colossal scale but also “exhibition trials” conveying “hyperjustice”
to the world of 24-hour news. We risk monsters being found innocent,
showing off like Saddam, claiming sickness like Milosevic, cheating
the hangman like Goering. But these are risks well worth taking.

Those who mock these trials should know that the dictators themselves
sensed the need for them. Hitler and Stalin feared that history would
notice their murders but decided that no one would care. “After all,
who today speaks of the massacre of the Armenians?” asked Hitler,
ordering the Final Solution. “Who’s going to remember all this
riff-raff in ten or twenty years?” asked Stalin, signing death lists.
“Who now remembers the boyars Ivan the Terrible killed? No one!”
Saddam surely hoped the same about Kuwaitis, Kurds, Shias, Marsh
Arabs -“dogs” all.

At the very least, these trials are acts of remembrance;
demonstrations that leaders are responsible for their crimes; and
exhibitions of true justice (in which we must take a sort of pride
even in the failures.) But at their best, they are both a healing
tonic and tolling lesson not from history but from today, delivering
repentance, redemption and renaissance. They must offer spectacle but
never show.

Stalin: the Court of the Red Tsar by Simon Sebag Montefiore, winner
of The Times history book of the year prize, is out in paperback

Sydney: Weightlifting hit by new doping claims

Sydney morning herald, Australia
July 7 2004

Weightlifting hit by new doping claims

New doping allegations threaten to disrupt Australian weightlifting
on the eve of the Athens Olympics.

The Australian Weightlifting Federation (AWF) has launched an
investigation after being told by the Australian Sports Drug Agency
(ASDA) Tuesday that an unnamed lifter had refused to take a drug
test.

The Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS) is expected to hear the case
next week.

Australia’s Olympic weightlifting team is due to be named on Friday.

Caroline Pileggi and Armenian-born Sergo Chakhoyan are expected to be
named as the only two weightlifters on the Australian team.

“There is an incident that is causing us some concern which is being
looked at right now,” said AWF president Sam Coffa, who would only
identify the athlete as being an AWF member.

The average penalty for such an offence is a two-year ban.

The Australian Olympic Committee and the Australian Sports Commission
are monitoring the situation and have offered to help the federation
present its case against the athlete, who is contesting the charge.

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Coffa said that once the investigation was complete, the findings
would be made public, regardless of whether the athlete in question
was guilty or not.

“Innuendos and rumours have a life of their own and they develop
legs. Somebody will say something and somebody will say something
else, and I believe it’s unhealthy,” Coffa said. “If there is a
doping case we immediately make a public statement and if it’s the
other way around and someone has been wrongly accused we will say
that too.”

Caroline Pileggi (+75kg) is expected to be the sole Australian
women’s representative and has an outside chance of winning an
Olympic medal.

The 25-year-old, who claimed gold when women debuted in the sport at
the Commonwealth Games in 2002, has overcome shoulder problems which
kept her out of last year’s world championships.

She competed at the Oceania championships in Fiji in May and the
selection trials two weeks ago in Melbourne.

Armenian-born Sergo Chakhoyan (85kg) missed those events to train in
the country of his birth.

He looms as the man to claim Australia’s second ever Olympic gold
medal, 20 years after Port Lincoln fisherman Dean Lukin made the
breakthrough.

Chakhoyan was suspended in 2001 for two years for using steroids.

The latest allegations involving Australian weightlifting come after
Anthony Martin last month accepted a two-year ban for testing
positive to banned substances.

Commonwealth Games bronze medal winner Seen Lee will appeal a
two-year ban for testing positive in May to the diuretic furosemide.

11 People Die in Blast at Samara Market

Current Digest of the Post-Soviet Press
July 7, 2004

‘THIS MARKET RECENTLY CHANGED HANDS.’ — 11 People Die in Blast at
Samara Market. By Vladimir Perekrest. Izvestia, June 5, 2004, p. 1.
Condensed text:

. . . The Kirov Merchandise Market is Samara’s largest. On Friday
[June 4], an explosion rang out at exactly 1 p.m. local time (12 noon
Moscow time) near the entrance to the market from the direction of
the Pyatiletka railroad platform. That area is always bustling, since
many province residents come to the market by electric train. Near
the entrance are several freight containers from which vendors sell
goods, as well as stalls selling shish kebab, shawarma and other
edibles.

“On weekends the place is jam-packed,” Daniyar Saifiyev, the main
spokesman at the Samara Province chief administrator’s press office,
told Izvestia. “If the blast had occurred on Saturday or Sunday, the
number of victims could have been far greater.”

But there were quite a few people at the market on Friday afternoon
as well. So in the wake of the explosion the area near the market
entrance was one big bloody jumble.

The force of the blast was so great that several sections of the
concrete wall surrounding the market were smashed to pieces and
strewn about by the shock wave. A large fragment of a concrete slab
landed on the railroad bed and damaged two of the five sets of tracks
that run through the Pyatiletka platform. The explosion overturned
about 10 freight containers and food stalls. A Vietnamese father,
mother and daughter who operated one of the stalls were killed on the
spot. A booth belonging to a family of Armenians was also destroyed,
and the owner’s wife and brother were killed. Some bodies were torn
to pieces by the blast, and the shock wave hurled one female
market-goer over the concrete wall.

Blood-soaked people were running back and forth between the market
and the railroad platform. Someone called the ambulance service and
the police. . . . All told, 27 ambulances came to help those injured
by the blast. . . .

One person died on the way to the hospital, and three others
succumbed in the intensive care unit.

The Ministry for Emergency Situations’ Samara division initially
reported that the tragedy had been caused by the explosion of some
gas cylinders in a vending stall near the market entrance. Such
things have happened in Samara before. . . .

But what blew up in Samara this time was not gas, according to
Samara Province Prosecutor Aleksandr Yefremov, who went to the scene
of the tragedy. He reported that a one-kilogram charge of plastic
explosive had been planted between the concrete wall and a vending
booth, at a height of 1.2 meters.

The main shock wave was directed toward the railroad platform,
where there were about 20 people at the time of the explosion.
According to the prosecutor, they were saved purely by chance. A
freight train had pulled up a few minutes before the blast, and one
of its tank cars absorbed the blow. . . . Explosives experts were
able to determine that the bomb had been detonated by a safety fuse,
the prosecutor said. There were also indications that the device had
been packed with ball bearings and pieces of scrap metal.

A criminal investigation has been opened in connection with the
blast, under Art. 205 and Art. 105, part 2, of the Russian Criminal
Code (“Terrorism” and “Intentional Homicide of Two or More Persons,”
respectively).

“It’s hard to say at this point whether there is any Chechen
connection,” a source in the Samara Province law-enforcement
community told Izvestia. “The market recently changed hands. It’s
possible that the bombing had something to do with that. The market
is a choice morsel, and it has been the focus of criminal turf wars
before.”

As this issue was going to press, the death toll had reached 11.
Some of the dead have not yet been identified. Thirty-three of the
injured are hospitalized, six of them in intensive care. The Samara
Province Disaster Medicine Center reports that doctors are seriously
concerned about the condition of several of their injured patients. .
. .

Armenia Journal: June 5-18, 2004 – Chapter 1

Raleigh Biblical Recorder, NC
July 2, 2004

Armenia Journal: June 5-18, 2004 – Chapter 1
By Tony W. Cartledge
BR Editor
Chapter 1: From Raleigh to Yerevan, or Two Nights in a Plane and a Day
in Vienna

For a while it appeared the most difficult part of the journey would be
getting checked in at the United Express counter at RDU airport, but
after 45 minutes of slowly snaking through the line, I had no trouble
checking in. As we left, I thought the crowded plane would never get
off the ground, and wondered if it had anything to do with my heavy
luggage.
At the Washington Dulles airport, I had an interesting conversation
with a Punjabi Sikh while waiting for the flight to Vienna. He asked if
he could join me at a table where I had sat down to eat a “genuine
North Carolina Barbecue” sandwich that was guilty of gross
misrepresentation. With a bright orange turban piled high on his head,
a long white beard and handlebar moustache, the man appeared to be some
sort of traveling swami. I asked if he was a spiritual teacher, and he
replied that, while “all of us need to be spiritual,” he is currently
more into politics.

He gave me his card: Dr. Gurmit Singh Aulakh, President, Council of
Khalistan, and I remembered that I was in Washington, D. C. A molecular
geneticist by trade who helped develop the swine flue vaccine (or so he
told me), he now devotes full time to Khalistan’s struggle for
independence from India, and lobbies Washington to support his cause.
Khalistan, also known as Punjab, is home to 70 percent of the world’s
Sikhs, he said.
I questioned him about the Sikh concept of God – which felt a bit
strange, since “Sikh” is pronounced “sick,” and “tell me about your
Sikh view of God” sounds impolite. He explained that Sikhs are
monotheistic, not “idol-worshippers” like the Hindus. They don’t cut
any of their hair, he said, because you shouldn’t mess with whatever
God gave you. There were no conversions, but we had a pleasant
conversation.

The flight to Vienna was uneventful, though there were no frills at all
beyond the little video screen for each seat, and a selection of
movies. Unlike some long-haul airlines, Austrian Air (in this plane, at
least) provides no extra legroom – I had to lift my leg over the
armrest to get into the seat.
Beside me was a dark haired young woman who stared wistfully out the
window. She looked sad somehow, and seemed uninterested in
conversation, so I let her be. I set my watch forward six hours to
Vienna time and started mentally telling myself that it was past
midnight already, though the sun was bright on the runway.

I had hoped they would serve dinner early so there would be more time
to try and sleep, but it was more than two hours before they brought
around a choice between salmon and pasta. I chose the salmon (bad
choice), which was accompanied by green beans and a memorable salad
consisting of a half-dozen strips of colored bell peppers, either
pickled or slightly steamed and marinated in balsamic vinegar, along
with five or six marshmallow-like balls of really nice Mozzarella
cheese.
I told my seatmate to wake me up if she needed to get out, and tried to
fall asleep, which was quite a challenge given the cramped quarters.
The overhead bins were full, so my travel bag was under the seat, and I
had no place to stretch my legs without infringing on my neighbor’s
space. I tried to bore myself to sleep watching a documentary about
ostriches, and it was boring enough (my seatmate watched “Win a Date
with Todd Hamilton”). I covered my face with my hat, and babies started
crying both fore and aft. I put in earplugs, jammed my good ear into
the small pillow, and finally drifted off. Since people continued to
talk (and babies continued to cry) for the whole flight, it was mostly
in and out, but did manage to snooze through at least a third of the
nine-hour flight.

As we neared Vienna, we were served a breakfast of cold cuts, and I
began studying my Eastern Armenian dictionary. The girl beside me
noticed the dictionary and finally brightened. It turned out that she
was an exchange student from Yerevan, returning home after a year in
Fargo at North Dakota State University (she won a scholarship, and
didn’t get to pick which school she would attend).
Her name was Hasmik (Armenian for “Jasmine,” apparently a popular
name). I practiced my minimal language skills on her, she helped with
pronunciation a bit, and we had a pleasant conversation the last
half-hour of the journey, prior to our 9:00 a.m. arrival time. She
didn’t realize until I told her that the next leg left at 10:20 p.m.
Vienna time, rather than a.m., as she had thought. Jasmine had no visa
for Austria, and was stuck in the small international terminal at the
airport.

The U.S. has an exchange agreement with Austria, so I didn’t need a
visa, and headed for the city as soon as I could get through passport
control. I changed $100 into Euros, but only got E 78.62, because the
dollar is so weak and the airport exchange was not particularly good. I
paid 15 euros for a ticket on the express train into town, and another
five for a 24-hour subway ticket (I learned later that I could have
gotten to town on the subway train, and about as quickly). At the train
station, an attendant charged me half a euro to use the bathroom.
Fortunately, I remembered enough German to read most of the signs and
find my way around. I went first to the Karlskirche, an impressive old
cathedral with tall, twisting towers outside that looked almost
Persian. A choir, hidden in a loft in the back of the church, was
practicing for a concert. They were from California State University,
on a European tour, and they were good. Their formal music danced
around the church’s many columns as I found a nice niche, dropped half
a euro in the basket, and lit a small candle in memory of Bethany.

I also walked by, but did not visit, the Musikverein, where there was a
jazz concert. Locals, all dressed in suits and ties or nice dresses,
crowded in for the Sunday morning performance.
The Staatsoper (State Opera) building was under construction, but
behind it I found an information agency. Unfortunately, they had little
information that was useful for a day tour. There were a number of tour
buses making the rounds of the city, but I decided to use my feet and
the subway to visit the sites most interesting to me.

Outside the Albertina, a large art museum, horse-drawn carriages were
lined up as in Central Park, with formally dressed drivers taking
tourists for a spin around some of the city’s more famous historical
buildings. Many of the horses wore form-fitting coverings over their
ears.
I walked into the Nationelbibliotek (National Library), but didn’t pay
to go further, as I didn’t plan to check out any books. Just beyond was
the home of the “Spanish Riding School,” home of the famous Royal
Lippazaner stallions. Just as I came by, I noticed an open door to a
courtyard, and stopped. Someone halted the traffic, and a group of
stewards led a procession of the white horses from the stables to an
indoor arena for their morning exercise. They were as beautiful as
advertised, but their abundant droppings smelled just like the leavings
behind the horse-drawn carriages.

I walked on through the huge “Hofburg” complex of ceremonial government
offices and official lodgings for the Austrian president. It seemed
that every building was covered with large, intricate carvings or
statues. Monuments were common, most involving men on horseback. A
beautifully landscaped park was flanked on either side by the
Naturhistorisches and Kunsthistorisches Museums (Natural History and
Fine Arts). I walked on to the “Museum Quartier,” but wasn’t interested
in paying to meditate on Goya or any of the other exhibits, though an
outdoor display of artsy aerial photography was nice.
Getting tired, I stopped for lunch at a place called “Wienerwald,”
which looks like “Wiener World,” but actually means “Vienna Woods”
(Vienna is Wien in German). The restaurant has a website at
I ordered a hearty chicken soup from the menu. Its
name was a mile long, but it was good. I also had a little
streuselkuchen – I didn’t eat any schnitzel, but figured I couldn’t
visit Vienna and not try the struedel. It would have been better
without the raisins.

I sweet-talked the harried waitress into letting me take a Coca Cola
glass with German slogans on it as a souvenir. She looked at me like I
was crazy (okay, she had a point), and I offered to pay for it (though
I couldn’t remember the German word for “buy” or “pay”). She went to
ask the manager, returned with a fresh glass in a plastic bag, and
didn’t add anything extra to my 13-euro tab. I left two euros as a tip,
and she seemed happy enough.
After lunch, I decided to fork over another 8 euros to visit the
natural history museum. They had some nice exhibits, an old style
museum in which it appeared that they wanted to have one of everything,
all kept in display cases, rather than the contemporary approach of
having fewer specimens in larger, more natural-looking settings.

The clean and efficient underground system (stations marked with a big
U in a circle) took me to Stephensplatz, home of the old St. Stephens
church in the heart of the city. Its steeple is currently under
renovation, with billboard-sized signs hanging from the scaffolding.
Parts of the cathedral reportedly go back to the 12th century. I found
the tall pulpit (accessed by an elaborately engraved staircase)
curious, especially since it was located only about a third of the way
into the building.
The plaza outside the church was reminiscent of New Orleans. It was
crowded with both tourists and locals, most eating locally made ice
cream (I had strawberry and banana later in the day). Street performers
were in abundance, including a clown/juggler who spoke English with a
distinctively southern accent. Silver or gold painted mimes dressed as
King Tut, Mozart, and a woman I didn’t recognize posed for pictures.
Teenagers cranked up their boom boxes and did break dancing for tips,
and a puppeteer entertained with a menagerie of characters.

I wandered down the “Graben,” a long, rectangular plaza crowded with
open-air cafes. In the middle was a monumental statue to the Holy
Trinity, erected (as many things were) in gratitude for the ending of
the Great Plague in 1679. At the end of the plaza was a building-sized
advertisement for the movie “Shrek 2.”
A crowd had gathered for an outdoor performance of “Moses” by the
Austrian Ballet Company-Tokyo. An Austrian man (the teacher, perhaps),
surrounded by a bevy of Japanese women, danced and posed meaningfully
to an English soundtrack about Moses leading Israel from Egypt. There
were a couple of female characters whose roles I never really figured
out.

I attempted to walk to the Ruprechtskirche, but missed my turn on
“Fleishmarktstrasse” (Meat Market Street) and ended up, two blocks
later, on a bridge over the Danube River. I made my way down to the
riverbank and strolled in the gorgeous afternoon sunlight by the river
(which was brownish green, not blue, as claimed by the “Blue Danube”
waltz). Some flea market stands along the way would have looked
perfectly at home at any craft fair in American (one lady was weaving
and selling Native American dream catchers).
I sat by the Danube at an outdoor “biergarten,” rested my feet, and
paid about three bucks for the metric equivalent of a 6 ounce Diet
Coke, but it gave me ample excuse to sit and enjoy the day (and make
some notes).

Needing a bathroom as I left, I found a small, graffiti covered men’s
room built into the wall – and aptly labeled “Pissoir.”
>From the Danube I made my way to the Ruprechtskirche, reportedly the
oldest church in Vienna. It was largely covered in vines, very
picturesque (so I took a picture), but locked up and apparently no
longer serving as a church.

Trying to find something else, I stumbled across an Internet CafŽ and
stopped in to send Jan an e-mail. It was a trial, given that the German
keyboard reverses the “Y” and “Z,” along with moving a number of other
keys. The @ symbol was in a different place, and I had to ask for help
to learn that you have to press both Alt and Ctr (Str in German) while
hitting the key to make it work. After losing two messages and having
to pay for more time, I succeeded in sending a short message.
Fresh from that experience (but having rested my feet), I walked to the
Maria am Gestade (St. Mary’s on the Banks) church. It was reportedly
built in the 14th century, when that part of town was still on the
banks of the Danube.

Much of Vienna consists of charming, narrow cobblestone streets (most
of them marked “Einbahn,” for “One Way.” Buildings are so close
together that you can be next door to what you’re looking for, but
unable to see it. My picture of St. Mary’s captures only a steeple
between two other buildings.
I set out for the nearest Underground station but missed it and walked
back by many of the sites I had visited earlier on my way to the train
station. After retrieving my carry-on bag from the pay-locker where I
had left it, I tried a German version of a Big Mac at a McDonalds that
featured soccer-themed specials, then rode the express train (called
CAT, for “City Airport Train”) back to the airport about 7:00 p.m.
local time.

I had planned to check in and try to catch a nap before the plane left,
but in Vienna, security is done at each gate, and they only let you
through when your plane is next to leave. I did find an uncrowded
waiting room, where I stretched out on a row of seats with my shoes
tucked under my knees and my carry-on as a pillow. With my floppy hat
in place, I managed a 45-minute nap.
The plane from Vienna left at 10:20 p.m. – and served a meal about an
hour into the flight. Some sort of pork (I think), stewed with potatoes
in an orange-colored sauce that was very tasty. I even drank hot tea,
figuring I’d better get used to it. I set my watch another three hours
forward and tried to convince my body to keep up.

My two seatmates were young Armenian men returning home. They were
relatively quiet and there were no crying babies, so even though they
left the cabin lights on (while Adam Sandler’s “50 First Dates” played
on overhead monitors), with my trusty hat I managed to sleep for most
of the remaining three hours.
Having been assured by Asatur Nahapetyan that he would meet me at the
airport despite the 4:45 a.m. arrival time, I had no worries as we
deplaned, even though I didn’t see him anywhere. I guessed he might be
stuck behind security, though there were other escorts waiting on the
tarmac as we deplaned. One lady holding a board with a different
English name on it jumped in front of me to make sure I didn’t pass by,
brandishing her board in case the name on it belonged to me.

Asatur is General Secretary of the Armenian Baptist Union and Rector
(equivalent to “President” in U.S.) of the Theological Seminary of
Armenia. He normally sends someone else to do airport runs, but had
insisted on picking me up himself. Apparently, he was out of the habit.

The arrival area of the airport in Yerevan is tiny. Tiny. And a bit on
the grungy side. I had my $30 ready and purchased a visa with no
problem after a ten-minute wait in line. I then changed $100 into
51,300 drams (getting robbed in the process – the exchange rate in town
would have gotten me 54,700), and stood in line again for passport
control.

Still no Asatur, so I assumed he would be in the baggage area, though
it seemed quite open. After finding the zuk’aran for a pit stop, I
collected my bags and breathed a prayer of relief that they were both
there.
But Asatur was not, and it was 5:30 a.m. by now. Jim Burchette had told
me everyone at the airport knows Asatur, so all I’d have to do was
mention his name. But, even though I knew how to say Duk gitek Asatur?
(“Do you know Asatur?”), nobody did – but every cab driver at the
airport wanted my business, wanted to take my bags, wanted to take me
away from all the other drivers.

I asked where I could find a phone, and was told there was none
available that could call Asatur’s number. The cab driver who spoke the
best English kept insisting that one could not call that number from
the airport, so he would have to take me to the central cab office to
make a call. I was convinced that he was lying (he was), and said I
would wait.
After another ten minutes or so, he said, “Oh, is that a mobile
number?” (I’d already told him that). He said he would try calling
Asatur on his cell phone, and succeeded in waking him up. He tried to
talk Asatur into letting him deliver me, but Asatur said he would be
there in 15 minutes. I tipped the cabbie 200 drams (about forty cents)
for making the phone call, but he gave it back, as if insulted. He said
mobile phones were very expensive, and that it cost him half a dollar
for every minute (another lie). I gave him 1000 drams (just under
$2.00), and he seemed happier, reminding me of his valuable service of
providing information. About 20-25 minutes later, Asatur came walking
up, having had to park some distance away.

We loaded my bags into Asatur’s small, aging Russian Lada and finally
clattered away from the airport. He drove through a couple of villages
and missed the unmarked turn to Ashtarak in the early morning light,
but successfully delivered me to the seminary before heading back home
to shower and dress more formally. I had arrived.

http://www.biblicalrecorder.org/content/news/2004/7_2_2004/ne020704journal1.shtml
www.wienerwald.at.

Armenian premier, German foreign minister discuss economic ties

Armenian premier, German foreign minister discuss economic ties

Arminfo
24 Jun 04

YEREVAN

The fact that the South Caucasus countries have been included in the
Wider Europe: New Neighbourhood programme is very important for
Europe, German Foreign Minister Joschka Fischer said today at a
meeting with Armenian Prime Minister Andranik Markaryan who is
currently paying a working visit to Germany.

The press service of the Armenian government has told Arminfo news
agency that the German minister noted the possibility of developing
and implementing projects within the framework of the participation of
the South Caucasus countries in the programme.

Commenting on the situation in the South Caucasus at the German
minister’s request, Markaryan said that certain preconditions set
forth by Turkey and Azerbaijan hinder the establishment of effective
regional cooperation.

Noting expanding Armenian-German economic cooperation and experience
gained in this sphere, Markaryan stressed that it was necessary to
further boost joint economic programmes and direct German investment
in the Armenian economy.

Cher on Farewell Tour in Moscow, Armenian Declares Being Her Cousin

Cher on Farewell Tour in Moscow, Armenian Declares Being Her Cousin

Moscow News
June 21 2004

American singer Cher will perform in Moscow Kremlin palace on Monday
and Tuesday. On June 24, she will have a concert in St. Petersburg,
at the New ice arena.

These concerts are part of her farewell world tour. In an interview
to the NTV television channel, she said that one should leave the
stage at the golden age.

Cher’s concerts coincided with Moscow International Film Festival.
Hollywood star Meryl Strip who had arrived to Moscow for the festival
will attend Cher’s show, Moscow government information center
reported. In 1983, Strip and Cher played in the Silkwood movie by
Mike Nichols.

Cher is of Armenian origin, she was born as Cherilyn Sarkisian.
Komsomolskaya Pravda newspaper wrote that a citizen of Yerevan, the
capital of Armenia, approached to the bus in Moscow airport where
Cher was sitting and showed her a photograph of his father who, as
he was quoted by the paper as saying, was the brother of Cher’s father.

Marvel Sarkisian quoted by the paper said that his father Vardan was
killed in the World War II and his brother Karapet who allegedly is
Cher’s father went to the United States via Bulgaria and changed his
name to John. Marvel was ready to make a genetic analysis of his blood,
the paper wrote. However, Cher did not talk to him and left after he
had shown the photo to her.

EU foreign ministers to extend “neighborhood policy” to Armenia,Azer

EU foreign ministers to extend “neighborhood policy” to Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia

Pravda, Russia / RIA Novosti
June 15 2004

14:19 2004-06-15

At their Monday session in Luxembourg foreign ministers of the 25 EU
member states decided to extend the “European neighborhood policy”
to Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia.

These countries will be given equal opportunities to develop
relationship with the European Union, including via joint plans of
action, read the session’s materials released by the main secretariat
of the EU Council.

The EU General Affairs and External Relations Council at its session
also pointed to the need to complete work on draft plans of action with
the states already included in the policy, that is, Ukraine, Moldova,
Jordan, Morocco, Tunisia, Israel and the Palestinian Authority.

Besides, the Council confirmed the EU’s readiness to build partnership
relations with Libya.

As to Moldova, the foreign ministers spoke in favor of accelerating
political settlement of the Trans-Dniestria conflict, confirming that
the EU was determined to cooperate with Russia and Ukraine to help
resolve it.

They also expressed their anxiety concerning “insufficient progress”
in the process of Russian arms withdrawal from Trans-Dniestria. The
Council urged the region’s authorities not to hinder the withdrawal.

Apart from this, the ministers stated that the EU was interested in
building partnership relations with Belarus.

However, the republic may be included in the neighborhood policy only
after it elects a truly democratic government, it was emphasized.

The Council also confirmed its readiness to assist Belarus in
overcoming the consequences of the Chernobyl catastrophe, as well as
in education, healthcare, environment protection, trans-border and
regional cooperation and development of independent mass media.