Aspiration for power as basis

Aspiration for power as basis
By Karine Mangasarian

Yerkir/arm
3 Dec 04

Leader of the Republic Party of Armenia faction Galust Sahakian
believes that despite the political tensions, there are still certain
changes mainly due to developments in the world. Yesterday, Galust
Sahakian also said that certain politicians are dwelling on the
Karabagh issue, which is caused by the developments in UN and EU.<>

He said: “I believe that the danger is about forming certain negative
atmosphere. The thing is that in either case those decisions have
no legal basis in regards to further pressures on Armenia. However,
the danger is that certain politicians are speculating on it.”

Sahakian believes that these speculations, especially those describing
the situation with Karabagh as most pathetic, are aimed at one thing:
power shift.

As to the activation of the Armenian National Movement and Levon
Ter-Petrosian, the RPA faction leader says that the ex-president
has never been passive and his silence was more eloquent than his
one interview.

Animal diseases hamper Turkey’s EU bid -study

Animal diseases hamper Turkey’s EU bid -study

By Anna Mudeva

AMSTERDAM, Dec 3 (Reuters) – Strengthening Turkey’s porous south and
eastern borders to prevent animal diseases from spreading in Europe is
a key challenge in preparing the country’s agriculture for EU
membership, a report said on Friday.

The report, by an international group of agriculture economists,
assumes Turkey joins the EU in 2015 but says the country will need
more time to attain food safety standards that would allow it to be
part of a single market for animal products.

The risk of disease outbreaks in the EU might increase and food safety
and quality might be diluted by embracing a country with a poor record
in these areas, unless effective border controls were in place from
the moment of accession, the report said.

“Some highly infectious animal diseases that have been virtually
eradicated in western and northern Europe remain endemic in Turkey,”
said the report presented by the Dutch Wageningen University, which
was the lead researcher.

“The situation is complicated by the fragmentation of the livestock
sector, Turkey’s geographical location and its porous borders to the
south and east,” said the report, which focuses on the impact of
Turkish EU membership on agriculture.

Turkey, which borders Syria, Iraq, Iran and Armenia to the south and
the east, hopes EU leaders will agree at a summit on Dec. 17 to open
entry talks in 2005 and eventually join the current 25-member bloc.

The EU has said that agriculture, accounting for half Turkey’s
territory and employing a third of its workforce, will be a key issue
in its preparations for accession.

Friday’s report said highly infectious diseases including
foot-and-mouth and sheep and goat pox had occurred in Turkey virtually
each year since 1996. The country was also prone to outbreaks of
anthrax and brucellosis, it said.

Economic and political turmoil in the Middle East over the past decade
has caused an extension of animal disease epidemics in the region,
posing threats to Europe.

The report said Ankara had shown progress in harmonising veterinary
legislation with EU standards but added the infrastructure,
administrative capacity and commitment needed for effective law
enforcement and border control remained weak.

“Even with effective implementation of the acquis (EU’s set of laws),
it will be many years before Turkey reaches full disease-free status
for all the most infectious diseases,” the report concluded.

“The greatest challenge for Turkey does not, however, concern
policies. It is in fact to develop…effective control of external
borders by the time of accession.”

It estimated that EU budget payments to Turkey under structural
policies, including agriculture, would be between 9.5 billion and 16.6
billion euros in 2015, while Turkey’s budget contribution would be 5.4
billion euros.

Turkey, which would add more than 80 million consumers to the EU-25’s
total of 452 million, has been seeking membership since 1963.

12/03/04 08:42 ET

Armenia DM Meets with Iran’s Ambassador to Armenia

DEFENCE MINISTER OF ARMENIA MEETS WITH IRAN’S AMBASSADOR TO ARMENIA

YEREVAN, DECEMBER 3. ARMINFO. During Friday meeting Secretary of
Security Council attached to the president of Armenia, Defence
Minister Serge Sargsian and Ambassador of Iran to Armenia Alireza
Khagigian have discussed the process of peaceful settlement of the
Karabakh conflict.

ARMINFO was informed in the press office of the Defence Ministry of
Armenia, the participants have discussed issues of regional security
and the planned visit of Serge Sargsian to Tehran. The Iranian
diplomat expressed readiness to organize courses of Iranian language
in the Military Institute after Vazgen Sargsian. During the meeting
the interlocutors have stressed the serious progress in the
Armenian-Iranian economic relations, in particular, the construction
of the gas pipe-line Iran-Armenia and construction of a new
high-voltage power transmission line between Armenia and
Iran. According to the Ambassador, the stability and economic
development of Armenia are very important for Iran.

“New ideas concerning the construction of the railway Iran-Armenia and
import of oil product from Iran to Armenia have been proposed during
the last official meetings in the sphere of economic cooperation”,
Alireza Khagigian added. Serge Sargsian welcomed these
initiatives. According to him, if the implementation of these ideas be
possible, then it will have an exclusive importance for
Armenia. Concerning the issue of programs of individual partnership
with NATO, the minister again mentioned that the agenda of the foreign
policy of Armenia does not include the issue on the republic’s
accession to NATO.

Fresh Loan Ends IMF Program In Armenia

Radio Free Europe, Czech Rep.
Dec 3 2004

Fresh Loan Ends IMF Program In Armenia

By Atom Markarian 03/12/2004 03:56

The International Monetary Fund completed on Thursday a three-year
lending program designed to sustain macroeconomic stability in
Armenia with the disbursement of its final $13.7 million installment.

The release of the sixth tranche of the $105.3 million Poverty
Reduction and Growth Facility (PRGF) was announced by Armenian
Finance Minister Vartan Khachatrian and Kames McHugh, the IMF
representative in Yerevan. It was formally approved by the fund’s
governing board in Washington the previous night.

The PRGF funds, first made available in May 2001, have been used by
the Armenian Central Bank to maintain a stable exchange rate of the
national currency, the dram, and alleviate the country’s negative
balance of payments. IMF officials said the scheme has served its
purpose, praising the Armenian government for pursuing strict fiscal
and monetary policies and reforming loss-making public utilities.

The IMF’s deputy executive director, Augustin Carstens, said in a
statement that this “prudent” policy was key to a double-digit
economic growth registered by the Armenian authorities last year. He
urged them to stay the course.

“This commitment to good economic policies has now started to bear
results,” McHugh told reporters in Yerevan. “Armenia now enjoys high
economic growth, poverty indicators are starting to fall and living
standards are beginning to rise.”

The IMF statement cautioned at the same time that Armenia’s continued
economic recovery is contingent on better governance. It noted in
particular that the authorities must eliminate “arbitrary practices”
in the collection of taxes and import duties — a major source of
complaints by local businessmen.

Armenia’s macroeconomic performance, which has still not had a
serious impact on living standards, was also praised recently by the
World Bank, its number one creditor. A statement by the bank
described it as “exemplary.”

Khachatrian welcomed the donors’ endorsement of his government’s
economic track record. He also announced that the government has
decided to seek another three-year credit from the IMF despite the
dram’s dramatic strengthening against the U.S. dollar and Armenia’s
own hard currency reserves approaching $500 million.

“We will implement another three-year [IMF] program,” he said. “A
political decision has already been taken.”

In an interview with RFE/RL last week, Khachatrian predicted that the
Armenian growth will somewhat slow down but remain strong in the
coming years.

Armenian ex-speaker condemns authorities’ Karabakh policy

Armenian ex-speaker condemns authorities’ Karabakh policy

Mediamax news agency
1 Dec 04

YEREVAN

“Armenia is striving to maintain the status quo and not to take a
final decision on the settlement of the Nagornyy Karabakh conflict,”
said a statement issued by the Armat [Root] centre for civil and
democratic developments in Yerevan today.

Babken Ararktsyan, chairman of the centre and former speaker of the
Armenian National Assembly, said at the National Press Club today that
as a result of the policy of forces that “have usurped power in
Armenia, the issue of self-determination of the Nagornyy Karabakh
people has transformed into a territorial dispute between Armenia and
Azerbaijan”.

“As a result of an absurd ‘complementarity’ foreign policy and
criminal inactivity of the Armenian leadership, Azerbaijan has managed
to lead its diplomatic attack to a logical end and had the issue on
the situation in ‘the occupied territories’ discussed at the UN
General Assembly,” Ararktsyan said.

“Today, Armenia has found itself in a position when every step is
doomed to failure. The only way out of the situation is a quick
resignation of the incumbent authorities,” Babken Ararktsyan said.

Tbilisi: Russia blockade squeezes Abkhaz separatists

The Messenger, Georgia
Dec 1 2004

Russia blockade squeezes Abkhaz separatists
By M. Alkhazashvili

Russian officials have threatened to close the Russian-Abkhaz border
and to establish an economic blockade. On November 23 the governor of
Krasnodar Alexander Tkachov advised the Russian to close the Abkhaz
border until the situation is improved there. He also suggested that
the authorities stop paying pensions to Abkhaz who were granted
Russian citizenship some times ago.

In effect, however, such threats have already become a reality since
the Sokhumi-Sochi train-line has been closed for two weeks now and
the border is only open for one hour a day. This has had a
detrimental effect on Abkhazia’s economy, Georgian media reports, as
now is the season for picking tangerines and it is difficult to
transport the fruit into Russia. Akhali Taoba reports that if this
continues, Abkhaz citizens will loss a main source of income.

Furthermore, Rezonansi reports that those Abkhaz refuges living in
Krasnodar – there are reportedly about 5,000 Abkhaz and 10-12,000
Armenian refuges in the region – have been ordered to leave the
territory. The newspaper reports that the refugees have problems not
only with Russians, but also with local citizens.

Rezonansi goes on to report that Russia is threatening to stem the
number of Russian tourists traveling to the unrecognized republic
during the summer tourist season, which is another major source of
Abkhaz income.

The supporters of presidential candidate Sergei Baghapsh see these
steps made by Russia as “pressure” intended to remind Abkhaz of the
importance of ties with Russia. They state further that the economic
blockade is due to the fact that the governor of Krasnodar is not
fully informed with regard to Baghapsh and his supporters, and that
if he fully understood their position the blockade would be lifted.

ARKA News Agency – 11/29/2004

ARKA News Agency
Nov 29 2004

International Red Cross Committee conducts in Yerevan round table on
antipersonnel mines problem

Sitting of commission on preparation to celebration of 1600th
anniversary of creation of Armenian written language takes place in
Yerevan

Trade turnover between Armenia and Korea makes $6,5 mln in 4 years

Iran-Armenia gas pipeline construction to start on November 30

*********************************************************************

INTERNATIONAL RED CROSS COMMITTEE CONDUCTS IN YEREVAN ROUND TABLE ON
ANTIPERSONNEL MINES PROBLEM

YEREVAN, November 29. /ARKA/. International Red Cross Committee
conducted in Yerevan round table on antipersonnel mines problem.
Round table is dedicated to first summit `World without Mines’ that
will take place in Nov 29 – Dec 3 in Nairobi the capital of Kenia.
During round table the participants discussed issues of effect of
mines on citizens in risk area and role of mass media in covering the
problem of mines.
According to IRCC Advisor to Caucasus Region at the Line of Mines
Becky Thomson, joining of Armenia to Convention on prohibition of use
and production of antipersonnel mines adopted in 1997 in Ottawa will
become important step of Armenian Government. Thomson informed that
at present the convention is ratified by 143 states, including four
CIS countries – Belarus, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Moldova. At
this, more than 37 million mines were terminated.
The Head of IRCC Delegation to Armenia Peter Krakoling stated that
IRCC can only lobby the adoption of the convention, but does not
conduct special negotiations with RA Government in this direction.
L.D. –0–

*********************************************************************

SITTING OF COMMISSION ON PREPARATION TO CELEBRATION OF 1600TH
ANNIVERSARY OF CREATION OF ARMENIAN WRITTEN LANGUAGE TAKES PLACE IN
YEREVAN

YEREVAN, November 29. /ARKA/. Sitting of commission on preparation to
celebration of 1600th anniversary of creation of Armenian written
language took place in Yerevan, RA Government press office told ARKA.
It was noted during the sitting that the holiday activities should be
all-national. The parties stressed the necessity of conduction of
activities during the whole anniversary year. Celebration will be
finished in Oct 2005.
Working group on development of complex program of activities must
represent it by Dec 15, 2004. L.D. –0–

*********************************************************************

TRADE TURNOVER BETWEEN ARMENIA AND KOREA MAKES $6,5 MLN IN 4 YEARS

YEREVAN, November 29. /ARKA/. The trade turnover between Armenia and
Korea made $6,5 mln in 4 years, of which $1 mln fell to export from
Armenia and $5,5 – to import, as stated Vahagn Movsisyan, the Head of
Armenian Development Agency. He said that the export mainly includes
paper and aluminum, as well as optical and photo equipment. The
imported products are tobacco, non-organic chemical compounds,
nuclear reactors and equipment, electric machinery, pharmaceutical
and plastic production.
In his turn, Lee Kwang-Hee, the Director of the Trade department of
Korean Embassy in RF, the President of Korean Trade Center in Moscow
noted that, trade turnover between Armenia and Korea made $2,7 mln in
11993, and in 2003 – $3,7 mln, thus demonstrating the tendencies of
growth.
However, according to the data of 9 months 2004, the trade turnover
decreased up to $2 mln, due to almost 50% reduction tobacco and
textile production to Armenia. He noted that the main share of the
export from Korea to Armenia falls to boilers and conditioners, at
that only in 2004 the volume of boiler deliveries grew by 400% as
compared to the same period of 2003. At that, he mentioned that the
import from Armenia to Korea is focused on three types of products –
transistor, components of biocurrent optical equipment and electric
medical equipment. L.V.–0–

*********************************************************************

IRAN-ARMENIA GAS PIPELINE CONSTRUCTION TO START ON NOVEMBER 30

YEREVAN, November 29. /ARKA/. Iran-Armenian gas pipeline construction
will start on November 30, 2004, according to the Information and
Public Relations Department of RA Government. On November 29, the
delegation headed by Andranik Margaryan, the RA Prime Minister will
leave for Syunik Marz to participate in arrangements on this event.
According to the press release, The Head of the Armenian Government
will also take part in opening of the second Iran-Armenia power
transmission line on November 30.
This event, very significant for the two countries will be also
attended by the delegation of Islamic Republic of Iran, headed by
Habibola Bitaraf, the Iranian Minister of Energy.
On December 1, the Ministers of Energy of Armenia and Iran will
discuss issues of bilateral cooperation in Yerevan. L.V. – 0–

Athlete of the Week: Jacob Sagherian

New Britain Herald, CT
Nov 29 2004

Athlete of the Week: Jacob Sagherian

Newington High linebacker Jacob Sagherian is one of a handful of
dedicated seniors responsible for the Indians’ transition from CCC
doormats to playoff team.

>From 1994 through 2000, the Indians’ proud tradition was buried deep
beneath a 4-66-2 record.

Thanks in significant part to Sagherian’s effort, Newington is now
preparing to meet Staples-Westport in a Class L semifinal Tuesday
night.

Sagherian helped make that dream a reality Thanksgiving morning by
recording a team-best 11 tackles in a 44-21 defeat of Wethersfield.
In response to his contribution, Jacob Sagherian has been selected as
The Herald Athlete of the Week.

“He’s one of the cornerstones of what we’ve accomplished,”
second-year Newing-ton High football coach Sal Cintorino said of his
defensive captain. “As middle linebacker for two years, he is
certainly the foundation of our defense.”

Sagherian, an All-Herald selection as a junior, leads the Indians
with 113 tackles this season, 46 of them behind the line of
scrimmage. He has also blocked two punts.

His 370 career tackles rank him among the all-time leaders in state
history. He is a two-time All-CCC selection and was an honorable
mention All-Stater last year.

He has achieved honor-roll status throughout his four years at the
school and is a member of the National Honor Society. The leadership
Sagherian exhibits on the field is directly connected to his
activities as a leader among Newington High students and in the
community.

He is also active at his church — the Armenian Church of the Holy
Resurrection in New Britain — where he volunteers for such projects
as selling Christmas trees or serving meals.

Central Bank to introduce new 10 dram coins

CENTRAL BANK TO INTRODUCE NEW 10 DRAM COINS

ArmenPress
Nov 26 2004

YEREVAN, NOVEMBER 26, ARMENPRESS: The Central Bank of Armenia will put
into circulation new coins with a face value of 10 drams beginning
from December 1, 2004. It said old coins issued in 1994 will remain
as legal tender.

A Central Bank official said new coins were issued to finalize
the process of introducing new coins. He said the old coins differ
considerably in their size from the recently issued coins.

The new coins were minted in Poland. The old coins will be taken out
of circulation gradually.

The Central bank will issue in 2005 gold memorial coins dedicated to
100-th anniversary of Arshile Gorky, an American-Armenian artist and
to 125-th anniversary of Martiros Saryan, a prominent Armenian painter
and also silver memorial coins dedicated to 1,400-th anniversary of
a mediaeval Armenian geographer Ananaia Shirakatsi.

The Bank also said the first 100 and 200 dram fake coins were revealed,
which, however, are made crudely and can be identified with an
unarmed eye.

Twist of Fate

Twist of Fate
By Libby Copeland

washingtonpost.com
Nov 28, 2004

This is where it starts and ends, with the red Jeep, which on the
passenger side looks completely fine, like something you could drive
away, like any other car on the road, except caked in pale mud and
pine needles. From this angle, the car doesn’t seem to belong here,
in a Gaithersburg lot devoted to abandoned vehicles, in a section
where the police put all the cars that have been in fatal crashes.

This is where it starts and ends, with the story of a boy and his
car. He is 16 years old. He is in love with the car, a four-door
sport-utility that his mother shares with him, a privilege he exploits
every chance he gets. He asks his mother if he can tint the windows
and she says no and he does it anyway, and she gets mad and forgives
him. He outfits the Jeep with a new sound system, a subwoofer in
the back so his friends can hear him playing Tupac blocks away.
He hangs his Sunday school graduation tassel and a cross on the
rearview mirror, and he takes the car to school and to work at his
parents’ ice cream shop, where they are proud that he helps out so
often, so ably. Damn if he doesn’t love that car.

The other side of the story is the other side of the car. The
driver’s side. Where everything ended in the early hours of Saturday,
Nov. 13. The tires are blown out, soft and shrinking off the rims,
and the headlight is gone and this side of the hood is dented and
the windshield is veined with cracks, and “BIO-HAZARD” is scrawled
across the car’s side. And on the driver’s seat are more pine needles
and a substance that has pooled, thick and black, into the seams.
And below the seat, near the gas pedal, is a disposable camera and
a white sneaker for the left foot of a boy who was barely 5 feet
7 and had just recently outgrown his father’s size 9 shoes. And on
the back seat is a stick of deodorant and a red cap that says NFL,
covered in pale mud, and a can of Budweiser.

There it is from start to finish, so much of what it means to be
an adolescent boy, the car and the cap and the deodorant and the
beer. Curiosity and callowness and everything that comes with it. Two
16-year-old passengers in this car were hardly injured at all when
the Jeep hit a tree in Potomac, but the driver died. He was Sarkis
George Nazarian Jr., whose name you probably would not have known a
month ago, only now you recognize it from the news and where it sits
in the nexus of tragedy and all those suburban teenagers and crashes
and deaths so young.

His mother says she wants the car back no matter what. If she can
drive it again, she wants it back, and if the car can’t be repaired,
she wants it back. She wants it back because he loved that car. And
because everything ended there.

Learning to Drive

It was a 1997 Grand Cherokee Laredo, bought new, never in an
accident. The boy wanted to drive badly and he got his license as
soon as he could, a month after his 16th birthday. And when Sarkis
Jr., known as Sako, drove with his dad, sometimes it would rain or
snow and he’d offer the wheel to his father, who would tell his son
to keep driving, “because these are the times I want you to drive,
because I am sitting next to you.” And the father, Sarkis George
Nazarian Sr., thought he taught his son well, thought his son was a
conscientious driver.

Now the father blames himself, because this is what fathers do when
they lose a child.

“Now you don’t know how bad I feel,” Nazarian says, sitting in his
large living room in Potomac last Monday night with his wife and
daughter and several of Sako’s friends, who are over at the house a
lot these days. “I feel like I failed.”

Sako’s 16-year-old friend Eliza Kanovsky comforts Nazarian because
that’s what kids do when adults fall apart.

“I really don’t think you failed Sako,” she says.

“Two of them walked away. One of them died instantly,” says
Nazarian, who doesn’t understand the physics of what happened that
night. Nazarian has tried to picture how his son died, piecing together
bits of information from the crash site and from one of the kids who
was in the Jeep with Sako. Nazarian has sat in his own car, a Mercedes
SUV, and twisted from side to side to figure out how his son’s body
moved. At the viewing, he studied his son’s face in the casket —
the bruise on his right cheek, the cut on his right ear. How?

Last weekend, Nazarian’s sister-in-law was in an accident. Her car was
totaled and she was sent to the hospital, but she lived. Why not Sako?

That night, the road was wet. From the beginning, the police said
Sako was driving too fast along a curvy stretch of Travilah Road,
a few miles from his house. Days later, the state medical examiner’s
preliminary report indicated that Sako had alcohol in his system when
he died. Nazarian doesn’t know what to think of that. It could be true.

“I know that he was a good kid,” Nazarian says. “But human beings is
human beings.” He sighs. “I know how much I loved him.”

On Wednesday, police spokeswoman Lucille Baur added something else:
that Sako was not wearing a seat belt when he crashed. She said the
two passengers were.

A Shrinking Family

Sarkis Nazarian Sr. and his wife, Hermine, both of Armenian heritage,
immigrated from Syria decades ago. They had a son, Sako, and daughter,
Tamar, who is 12, in addition to Sarkis’s four sons from a previous
marriage. He used to say he had five sons, but then he had only four,
because just over a year ago one died of cancer at age 32. Now he
says he has three.

He has been a developer, a mortgage banker, an operator of nursing
homes. After he and Hermine got out of the nursing home business,
she wanted to keep busy, so they bought the Wow Cow, an ice cream
shop in Bethesda. Sako was the only person his dad trusted more than
himself to run it.

Sarkis is a small man, about an inch shorter than Sako. He wears a
gray shirt and black pants. Hermine wears all black, including a black
poncho, and she looks across the living room at dozens of photographs
of Sako on posterboard, and cries. There are a few photos from the
last time Hermine saw him, at Dulles Airport on Nov. 8, when she
left for Armenia to be with her sister, who was having triple-bypass
surgery. In those pictures, Sako has grown his hair out, and dark
curls pop from under his Redskins cap. He has his father’s thick
eyebrows and he is experimenting with a goatee.

The news that was relayed to Hermine in Armenia was that Sako had
been in an accident, but that he was okay. Sarkis was afraid that
if Hermine heard the truth, she might have a heart attack. She took
the next flight back and on the layover, in Amsterdam, bought Sako a
bottle of his favorite cologne. Relatives picked her up at the airport,
and she peppered them with questions about her son, and they tried to
change the subject, and when she saw dozens of cars outside her house,
she started screaming.

Since then, there have been many cars in the driveway — relatives, and
friends from Winston Churchill High coming to comfort the Nazarians. On
Monday evening, eight of Sako’s friends. The girls kiss his father
on the cheek. They talk about Sako’s impishness, how he managed to
get friends to believe his far-out tales. They talk about the way he
loved surfing and soccer and backyard football. He did gymnastics,
too, when he was younger.

“He had that routine when he was graduating from Potomac Elementary,
remember?” Nazarian says to his wife. “I got an e-mail from his
coach, Kevin.”

“Kevin,” she says. She stares off toward the far end of the room,
toward the photographs.

The kids talk about how Sako loved his car, how he kept it clean,
how he wanted new rims, how he bragged once about pampering it with
premium gas. They talk about how driving is such a part of their
lives, how it means the power to decide where they want to go and
when. They talk about how the act of driving in volves a physics
they didn’t think about before the accident, involves forces that now
seem mysterious and great, and how cars now seem a little bit like —
well, Nazarian calls them guns.

“I used to, like, race around, didn’t care,” says Trevor Davies,
17. Now, “first thing I say when I get in the car is ‘Seat belts!’ ”

Nazarian talks about waking up in the middle of the night, and about
God’s will. His wife talks about the car, about being able to hear
Sako down the road when the big subwoofer pounded the bass lines of
his rap music.

“He loved his car,” she says.

“Oh, he loved those subs,” one of the girls says.

“I’m going to take it to the cemetery and put the loud music,”
Hermine says.

“Blast the loud subs,” one of the girls says.

“Maybe he’ll say, ‘Hey, Mom, I’m here. I hear you,’ ” Hermine says.

She cries. One of the girls crawls over on her knees and touches the
mother’s shoulder.

Washington Post Staff Writer