Leaders of Armenia and Azerbaijan speak of peace progress while arguing in front of Putin

May 25 2023

MOSCOW, May 25 (Reuters) – The leaders of Azerbaijan and Armenia on Thursday both spoke of progress towards ending their decades-old conflict over the territory of Nagorno-Karabakh, even as they argued openly in front of Russian President Vladimir Putin.

Nagorno-Karabakh, an Armenian-populated enclave inside Azerbaijan, has been a source of conflict between the two Caucasus neighbours since the years leading up to the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, and between ethnic Armenians and Turkic Azeris for well over a century.

In 2020, Azerbaijan seized control of areas that had been controlled by ethnic Armenians in and around the mountain enclave, and since then it has periodically restricted access to the only access road linking Nagorno-Karabakh with Armenia, on which the enclave relies for financial and military support.

At a meeting in Moscow, Armenian Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan accused Azerbaijan of causing a humanitarian crisis by blocking the only land route from Armenia to Nagorno-Karabakh.

He called it a "direct violation" of a 2020 ceasefire that ended the six-week war between the two countries, and called for an international mission to be sent to evaluate the situation.

Azeri activists in mid-December began obstructing the road known as the Lachin corridor, which Pashinyan noted should be under the control of Russian peacekeepers, and Baku last month erected a checkpoint along it.

Azerbaijan says it took that step because Armenia was using the route to send weapons to Nagorno-Karabakh, something Armenia denies.

Azeri President Ilham Aliyev responded to Pashinyan: "Azerbaijan did not block any corridor… There is no need to use this platform for unfounded accusations."

The two leaders continued arguing for several minutes in Russian before Putin – who is mounting a new effort to broker a deal – closed off the conversation, which took place at an economic meeting of former Soviet republics in Moscow.

Despite their testy exchange, both Pashinyan and Aliyev said there had been progress lately towards a settlement based on mutual recognition of each other's territorial integrity.

Putin was later due to host three-way talks with Aliyev and Pashinyan, where he said they would have the chance "to talk about everything calmly in a businesslike manner".

Russia has traditionally been the main power broker between the two countries on the southwest edge of the former Soviet Union which have fought two major wars in the three decades since the collapse of the former superpower.

Distracted by the war in Ukraine, Russia faces a challenge to maintain that role as the United States and European Union have mounted their own efforts to bring the sides together.

Russian Defence Minister Sergei Shoigu was quoted by the RIA news agency earlier on Thursday as saying the West was trying to interfere in the conflict and discredit Russian peacekeeping policy.

Outstanding issues between the two sides include the rights and security of some 120,000 ethnic Armenians living in Nagorno-Karabakh, which is internationally recognised as part of Azerbaijan.

Reporting by Vladimir Soldatkin, Tatiana Gomozova, Caleb Davis and Felix Light, writing by Mark Trevelyan; Editing by Bill Berkrot, Andrew Osborn and Andrew Heavens

Armenia, Azerbaijan Optimistic Ahead Of Moscow Talks

BARRON'S
May 25 2023

The leaders of arch foes Armenia and Azerbaijan said ahead of talks in Moscow on Thursday, that they were advancing towards normalising ties, following mutual recognition of territorial integrity.

Armenian Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan and Azerbaijani President Ilham Aliyev spoke ahead of a face-to-face meeting later Thursday and subsequent talks to be hosted by Russian leader Vladimir Putin.

Baku and Yerevan have been locked in a decades-long conflict for control of Azerbaijan's predominantly Armenian-populated region of Nagorno-Karabakh.

"There is a possibility of coming to a peace agreement, considering that Armenia has formally recognised Karabakh as part of Azerbaijan," Aliyev told the Russia-led Eurasian Economic Union.

"Azerbaijan has no territorial claims to Armenia," he added.

Pashinyan said the two countries were "making good progress in normalising relationships, based on mutual recognition of territorial integrity."

He said Yerevan was ready "to unblock all the transport links in the region that pass through Armenian territory."

The Caucasus neighbours have been seeking to negotiate a peace agreement with the help of the European Union and United States.

On May 14, they agreed — at a meeting hosted in Brussels by the European Council President Charles Michel — on mutual recognition of territorial integrity.

The West's diplomatic engagement in the Caucasus has irked traditional regional power broker Russia.

Armenia and Azerbaijan fought two wars — in 2020 and in the 1990s — for control of Nagorno-Karabakh.

Six weeks of hostilities in autumn 2020 ended with a Russian-brokered ceasefire that saw Armenia cede swathes of territory it had controlled for decades.

Armenia, which has relied on Russia for military and economic support since the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, has accused Moscow of failing to fulfil its peacekeeping role in Karabakh.

With Russia bogged down in Ukraine and unwilling to strain ties with Azerbaijan's key ally Turkey, the United States and European Union have sought to repair ties between the Caucasus rivals.

im/jbr/jm

Armenian Prime Minister Confirms Readiness To Implement Joint Projects In EAEU

May 25 2023

YEREVAN (UrduPoint News / Sputnik – 25th May, 2023) Armenian Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan on Thursday confirmed Armenia's readiness to implement joint projects within the framework of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU).

"I would like to reiterate Armenia's readiness to consistently implement joint projects aimed at finding mutually acceptable solutions to important issues concerning the functioning of our integration association," Pashinyan said at a meeting of the Supreme Eurasian Economic Council.

The Armenian prime minister said that the capacity building of national economies is based on a competent approach to ensuring energy security. He added that the timely functioning of the common gas market of the EAEU in the long term would contribute to the formation of favorable and mutually beneficial trade conditions, ensure increased energy security and competitiveness of the member states of the union in the international market.

Pashinyan added that the hard work done by the council and the authorized bodies of the EAEU member states made it possible to identify a significant progress in the development of the regulatory framework for creating a new format for financing industrial cooperation projects.

"Financial support for joint cooperation projects in the industrial sector will give us an opportunity to stimulate individual sectors of the economies of our countries. At the same time, we consider it important to develop them in a balanced way in order to minimize the risks of stagnation or decline in activity in other sectors of the economies of the EAEU member states. That is why at the stage of project selection it is important to develop mechanisms to reduce these risks, which will give us a long-term perspective for such projects," Pashinyan said.

The EAEU, which consists of five former Soviet countries - Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Russia - is designed to ensure the free movement of goods, services and labor among member states, implemented through common economic policies and regulations in the areas of industry, agriculture, energy, foreign trade and investment.

Armenia, Azerbaijan leaders argue in front of Putin during Eurasian summit

May 25 2023

Moscow, May 25 (EFE).- The presidents of Armenia, Nikol Pashinian, and Azerbaijan, Ilham Aliyev, rowed during a Eurasian Economic Union summit at the Kremlin on Thursday, forcing Russian president Vladimir Putin to intervene.

The Russian president stepped in to stop the heated exchange as tensions between the leaders of the two neighboring nations boiled over in front of the other stunned leaders invited to the summit.

Pashinian accused Baku of having territorial claims to Armenia, which Aliyev, who was attending the summit for the first time, flatly denied.

Pashinian also insisted that Yerevan’s priority was to protect the rights of ethnic Armenians who live in Nagorno-Karabakh, a territory that the countries have fought over since the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991.

Aliyev also denied that the Azerbaijanis were blocking the Lachin corridor, the only link between the Nagorno-Karabakh enclave and Armenia.

Putin urged both sides not to become bogged down in terminology and technical issues, and to focus instead on improving their relations.

Recently, Yerevan and Baku recognized the territorial integrity of their respective countries, although border tensions continue.

On Monday Pashinian admitted that Nagorno-Karabakh is part of Azerbaijan’s territory, in line with the international community.

During negotiations with their foreign ministers held in Moscow on Friday, Armenia and Azerbaijan managed to align on a number of points for a future peace treaty.

Border demarcation, an issue that has been unresolved since independence from the USSR in 1991, and the safety of Armenians living in Karabakh – are two of the most sensitive points in the talks.

Two weeks ago Pashinian and Aliyev also met in Brussels, where they agreed to resume meetings on pending border issues and opening of railway connections.

In early May, US Secretary of State Antony Blinken highlighted the “tangible progress” in the Armenia-Azerbaijan peace talks and expressed confidence that they would soon conclude a final agreement to resolve the conflict. EFE

mos/ks

Armenia Asks ICJ To Order Azerbaijan To Open Key Road

BARRON'S
May 25 2023

Armenia called on the UN's top court on Wednesday to order its archrival Azerbaijan to withdraw a blockade from a key road connecting Yerevan to the disputed Nagorno-Karabakh enclave.

On April 23, Azerbaijan set up a roadblock at the entrance to the Lachin corridor, the only road linking Armenia to the separatist region.

Before that, Yerevan had already accused Baku of blocking the vital artery for nearly six months.

On February 22, the UN's top judicial body, the International Court of Justice (ICJ), ordered Azerbaijan to ensure free movement on the road, which is vital for supplying the population of Nagorno-Karabakh.

The region is populated mainly by Armenians who broke away from Baku with Yerevan's help.

Armenia asked the ICJ to order Baku to "withdraw any and all personnel deployed on or along the Lachin Corridor since April 23, 2023," the court said in a statement.

Yerevan also asked the ICJ to order Azerbaijan to "refrain from deploying any such personnel on or along the Lachin Corridor".

Baku's decision to install the blockade in April was seen as a further escalation of tensions between the two former Soviet republics, which have been at loggerheads for more than 30 years and fought two wars in the early 1990s and 2020.

Russia sponsored a ceasefire agreement that ended hostilities in 2020 and has deployed peacekeepers there.

The Armenian army said last week that a soldier had been shot and killed by Azerbaijani forces.

An Armenian and an Azerbaijani soldier were killed the previous week in other clashes.

Both former Soviet republics have appealed to the ICJ, which sits in The Hague, to intervene in the dispute.

In December 2021, the court ordered the two countries to avoid aggravating their dispute.

The ICJ rules on disputes between states, but while its decisions are final, it has no power to enforce them.

jcp/fjb/gw/js

NSO spyware used in Armenia-Azerbaijan conflict, report finds [+Links]

May 25 2023

SECURITY

NSO spyware used in Armenia-Azerbaijan conflict, report finds

Researchers believe it is the first time that the powerful technology capable of spying on smartphones has been weaponized in an armed conflict between countries.

Invasive spyware capable of reading a smartphone’s messages and listening to calls was found on the phones of at least 12 Armenian journalists, politicians and civil society members, according to a report published Thursday by a group of nonprofit organizations.

The spyware, called Pegasus and made by the Israeli company NSO, had previously been found on the phones of thousands of people around the world, leading to U.S. sanctions in 2021 and a lawsuit from Apple. But researchers said their most recent findings are unique — they believe it is the first time that the technology has been weaponized in an armed conflict between countries.

Armenia has intermittently battled its neighbor Azerbaijan for decades. In 2020, a cease-fire was broken in the disputed region of Nagorno-Karabakh, leaving thousands dead. Since then, the two countries have been mired in a sporadic shooting war which has killed dozens more. 

The report, a collaboration among the international internet rights group Access Now, Amnesty International and the University of Toronto’s Citizen Lab, calls for “an immediate moratorium” on the sale and transfer of spyware technology.

NSO is the most notorious mercenary spyware developer in the world. It creates powerful programs like Pegasus, which can hack smartphones to reveal information such as contacts, calls and location. 

The report does not conclusively find that Azerbaijan was behind the spyware used on Armenian citizens, though researchers noted that all instances of the spyware’s use occurred during or near the time of conflict between the two countries and against those who would be considered traditional espionage targets. Citizen Lab’s research found two distinct Pegasus operators in Azerbaijan, both of which were registered by 2018.

Three arms of the Azerbaijani government — the consul’s office in Washington, its Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and the president’s office — did not respond to requests for comment.

NSO has long insisted its software is intended only for governments to catch terrorists and criminals. But its spyware has repeatedly been found on the phones of dissidents in authoritarian countries. A global media consortium found in 2021 that Pegasus spyware had been used on at least 189 journalists and 85 human rights activists around the world.

NSO has denied responsibility in many of the cases where its software has been abused, arguing that its software was operated by independent, legitimate government agencies.

While governments around the world have long abused NSO tools, the findings revealed Thursday are the first time that civilians have been hacked while their country is in armed conflict with another country.

“We’ve expected this, but it’s still surprising when you see it,” said John Scott-Railton, a senior researcher at Citizen Lab, which has for years documented NSO Group attacks. “And it’s a reminder that mercenary spyware is not just a cybersecurity problem. It is a geopolitical problem, and it is potentially capable of changing the outcome of armed conflict,” he said. His research contributed to the investigation.

https://www.nbcnews.com/news/amp/rcna84035 

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InnoIjevan: breathing new life into an old factory to promote tech skills in Armenia

May 25 2023

Crumbling ruins, machinery rusting away under a thick layer of dust… this is what we expect of old industrial areas once the factories have stopped running. At best, warehouses and small private workshops still function there. But now, the area of the former Ijevan Mechanical-Repair Factory has got the opportunity to become an innovative and educational centre in Tavush.

In recent years in Armenia, as in almost all the developed countries of the world, the IT sector has seen ever increasing demand.

Like many of his peers, a 15-year-old Mher Otaryan from Ijevan, enjoys spending his free time on the computer. Inspired by his cousin, who is a programmer, Mher decided to specialise in IT as well. While he was looking for a university in Ijevan, a branch of the secondary vocational school ‘Real School’ opened up. Here, during a four-year course, students receive training in computer programming and 3D modelling, robotics, modelling of micro- and radio electronics, design and testing of UAVs, chemistry, physics, laser technology, optics and biology.

Mher and eight other youngsters of his age, of whom only two are girls, spend every day from 9:00 am to 5:00 pm at the ‘Real School’, where they have the opportunity to apply their acquired knowledge immediately.

“It was unusual to have only eight fellow students after having about thirty classmates. However, here, compared to my previous school, everything we learn is applied on the spot and we see the result of our knowledge. After learning about 3D modelling in the engineering workshop, I fell in love with it, like with programming,” says Mher Otaryan.

Alongside their four-year education at the ‘Real School’, the students master traditional Armenian dances and participate in expedition tours.

Mher is a first-year student who has not yet decided what to do next.

After receiving further education in Yerevan, many people seek to stay in the capital, including IT specialists. The establishment of the ‘Real School’ in Ijevan aims to reverse that trend.

The ‘InnoIjevan’ project was launched in February 2022, in Ijevan. It is implemented by the Ijevan municipality, the Union of Advanced Technology Enterprises-UATE and CoWo-coworking network, with funding from the European Union in Armenia, within the ‘Enhancing economic development of Ijevan through leveraging PPP and creating local eco-system for innovative development‘ grant project. The goal of the project is to create an area in Ijevan where education, innovation and entrepreneurship will be intertwined to contribute to community development by bringing together the local government, businesses, and local community.

InnoIjevan will be the location for the ‘Real School’ for secondary vocational education, as well as CoWo’s incubation and acceleration programmes, including the operation of a community working environment /coworking space.

“The purpose of uniting the Real School and CoWo in one place is to apply the knowledge of the graduates of the ‘Real School’ to the organisations operating in the premises of InnoIjevan, as well as the beneficiary companies of the projects receiving development support here. Additionally, skills and knowledge support are provided to the SMEs operating in the fields of agriculture, food processing and tourism in Tavush region,” said Mariam Hovhannisyan, the Head of Content of the ‘InnoIjevan’ project.

Tiran Janinian is from nearby Gandzakar village. Since 2015, he has been participating in off-road races and expeditions, exploring natural monuments and cultural sites in remote and challenging locations.

“I decided to transform my hobby into a profession in Tavush. As a result, I am now the head of the ‘Around Tavush’ tourist company, which not only focuses on off-road tourism using my favorite SUVs but also plans to offer hiking, exploratory, and cultural programmes. Additionally, our future plans involve transforming our native Gandzakar village into a hub for active and passive recreation,” says Tiran, who is a veteran of the 2020 war.

To bridge the knowledge gap for implementing business ventures, he enrolled in the bootcamp, and incubation educational programmes offered by InnoIjevan. These programmes are conducted in the reconstructed and enhanced area of InnoIjevan.

Arpi Karapetyan, the founder and director of the CoWo coworking network, emphasises that when selecting the locations for each branch, preference is given to buildings with a rich history that are currently unused. An example of this is the workshop of the Ijevan Mechanical-Repair Factory, commonly known by the locals as Rembaza.

The factory was established in 1952. It produced household stoves. Later, a casting workshop was established to manufacture mechanical parts for forestry tractors. In the 1980s, the demand for spare parts for tractors and tree planting mechanisms grew significantly, both within the USSR and from other countries. This led to a decision to demolish the existing three-shift production buildings and create a large, modernised factory under one roof.

Vrezh Nersisyan serves as the executive director of ‘Ijevan Mechanical Factory’ OJSC. He joined the factory as an engineer-technologist in 1980 and gradually rose to the position of director. He recalls a meeting held on the morning of December 7, 1988, where they discussed organising work in temporary tent areas until the old buildings could be demolished and new ones constructed. However, the plans were disrupted by the devastating Spitak earthquake, which resulted in the allocated funds being redirected to the disaster zone. Subsequently, during the early years of independence, the factory experienced a sharp decline in demand for its products.

The factory, which originally employed over 300 people, underwent downsizing and continued its operations with around 50 employees, gradually becoming smaller in scale.

The mechanical-repair factory covers an area of 1,200 hectares. Only the former administrative buildings will for now be used for the purposes of InnoIjevan. One of these buildings houses the classrooms of the ‘Real School’. In the other section of the building, which previously served as an event and meeting hall, a minimalist-style coworking space will be established after necessary reinforcement works. This space will be available for hosting various events as needed. Since the inception of the project, the only part of the building that remains from the past and has been completely preserved has been transformed into a platform for conducting InnoIjevan’s incubator projects.

“Undoubtedly, the ongoing efforts primarily focus on the administrative building, but it’s worth noting that the workshop of the mechanical-repair factory boasts remarkable technical structures and outdoor spaces that also deserve revitalisation,” explains Arpi Karapetyan. “Currently, there is a lack of platforms in Ijevan that can accommodate a large audience for active participation, which can be created in this specific location.”

The EU-supported project provides funding for the ‘Real School’ and incubation project solely for the initial two years. Afterward, InnoIjevan is expected to become self-sustainable by generating income through coworking and office spaces, as well as renting them out for events.

“We aim to attract IT companies that are based in Yerevan to open branches in Ijevan, thus providing local specialists with employment opportunities in the field without having to leave their place of residence. However, we also actively seek ways to leverage the knowledge and ideas of the students from the Real School in sectors such as tourism, agriculture, and food processing, which are integral parts of our project,” says Arpi Karapetyan.

The scope of the ‘InnoIjevan’ project extends beyond the premises of the former factory. As part of the comprehensive assessment of the functions of the Ijevan municipality, a business management centre has been established to offer information support to businesses operating within the community.

This centre collects information about the public sector, NGOs, and SMEs, providing local entrepreneurs with the necessary resources to address various work-related issues. Moreover, individuals initiating new businesses or existing companies can receive information there about local or international funding sources, capacity-building opportunities, and innovative organisations.

Author: Anahit Minasyan

Article published in Armenian by Urbanista.am


Food: Find a Rare Armenian Delicacy Inside This North Hollywood Ghost Kitchen

May 25 2023

Plus, under-the-radar OC eats, we all scream for ice cream, and more


Anahit Jibinlian and her daughters, Luiza and Alice, recently debuted Khurjin House from a ghost kitchen in North Hollywood to bring a lesser-known Armenian delicacy called khurjin to Angelenos. The lavash-wrapped parcels are filled with stewed meat (pork, chicken, or beef) and vegetables (bell peppers, onions, and tomatoes) along with fresh herbs (dill, cilantro, and parsley) and a vinegar-spiked sauce with just a hint of heat. The dish is named after the traditional saddle bag that it resembles.

Word of mouth among the local Armenian community is keeping Khurjin House busy, but the family-run business believes its signature dish will appeal to those outside the community as well, Anahit tells Eater. Both single-portion and family-sized khurjin are available to order for delivery through Instagram direct message or by phone at (818) 207-9982.

Santa Barbara-based McConnell’s Fine Ice Creams released a new flavor for summer: matcha coconut crisp. Find ceremonial-grade matcha, coconut ribbons, and chocolate-covered rice crisps in every scoop. Look for banana split and root beer float flavors in scoop shops soon.

Thrifty just released a new summer-inspired flavor too: strawberry lemonade sherbet. Swing by local Rite Aid stores for a taste. Also, the price for two single-scoop Thrifty ice cream cones is $3 from now until June 3.

Lastly, CVT Soft Serve is selling its wares in the freezer aisle at LA-area Gelson’s. Single-serving pouches are priced at $4.99 each and come in chocolate or vanilla.


https://la.eater.com/2023/5/25/23724427/khurjin-house-north-hollywood-los-angeles-armenian-specialty-delicacy-ghost-kitchen

Putin hopes to discuss economic matters at meeting with leaders of Armenia and Azerbaijan

 TASS 
Russia – May 25 2023
Conditions are in place "providing the basis to believe that relevant agreements, including as regards transport lines, can be reached between Armenia and Azerbaijan," the Russian leader said at the meeting of the Supreme Eurasian Economic Council

MOSCOW, May 25. /TASS/. Russian President Vladimir Putin hopes that agreements "in the interests of economic development" will be reached at a trilateral meeting with Prime Minister of Armenia Nikol Pashinyan and President of Azerbaijan Ilham Aliyev.

Conditions are in place "providing the basis to believe that relevant agreements, including as regards transport lines, can be reached between Armenia and Azerbaijan," the Russian leader said at the meeting of the Supreme Eurasian Economic Council.

"I believe we can discuss all that today at the trilateral meeting. I hope [we] will manage to agree on what is resting – absolutely obviously – in the sphere of economic development for Azerbaijan, for Armenia, and for the entire region," Putin said.

"It seems to me we will have time to discuss all that in the trilateral format," the head of state stressed.

Armenian defense minister skips CSTO meeting for technical, not political reasons — MP

 TASS 
Russia – May 25 2023
Earlier, Armenian Defense Ministry Spokesperson Aram Torosyan told TASS that the minister did not go to Minsk and did not participate in the meeting of the CSTO defense ministers

YEREVAN, May 25. /TASS/. Armenian Defense Minister Suren Papikyan’s absence from Thursday's meeting of the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) defense ministers in Minsk had nothing to do with politics and everything to do with technical issues, secretary of the parliamentary faction of Armenia's ruling Civil Contract party, Artur Hovhannisyan, told a briefing Thursday.

"Firstly, we spoke at length about relations between the CSTO and Armenia, there is no plan to withdraw from the organization. Suren Papikyan's non-participation in this event is in no way related to Armenia-CSTO relations. I don't know the details, but I am sure there is no political context here, these are some technical issues. It has nothing to do with the CSTO," he said.

Earlier, Armenian Defense Ministry Spokesperson Aram Torosyan told TASS that the minister did not go to Minsk and did not participate in the meeting of the CSTO defense ministers.

https://tass.com/world/1622937